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K.N
Number and Operations
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K
Students will understand numerical concepts and mathematical operations.
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K.N.1
Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems.
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K.N.1.1
Demonstrate an understanding of the place-value structure of the base-ten number system:
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K.N.1.1.a
count with understanding and recognize 'how many' in sets of objects up to 20
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K.N.1.1.b
read and write whole numbers up to 20
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K.N.1.1.c
compare and order whole numbers up to 20
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K.N.1.1.d
connect numerals to the quantities they represent using various physical models
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K.N.1.1.e
use an organized counting method to keep track of quantities while counting (one-to-one correspondence) (e.g., touch object once and only once as counting a set)
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K.N.1.1.f
order sets of objects and numbers from least to most or most to least
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K.N.2
Understand the meaning of operations and how they relate to one another.
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K.N.2.1
Represent numbers using pictures, objects, or numerals.
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K.N.2.2
Use concrete objects to solve simple addition and subtraction story problems (e.g., oral not written).
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K.N.3
Compute fluently and make reasonable estimates.
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K.N.3.1
Estimate quantities of objects up to 20.
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K.A
Algebra
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K
Students will understand algebraic concepts and applications.
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K.A.1
Understand patterns, relations, and functions.
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K.A.1.1
Identify the attributes of objects (e.g., the ability to identify attributes is a foundational skill for sorting and classifying).
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K.A.1.2
Sort, classify, and order objects by size, number, and other properties.
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K.A.1.3
Recognize, reproduce, describe, extend, and create repeating patterns (e.g., color, shape, size, sound, movement, simple numbers).
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K.A.2
Represent and analyze mathematical situations and structures using algebraic symbols.
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K.A.2.1
Use concrete, pictorial, and verbal representation to develop an understanding of invented and conventional symbols.
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K.A.3
Use mathematical models to represent and understand quantitative relationships.
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K.A.3.1
Model situations that involve whole numbers using objects or pictures.
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K.A.4
Analyze changes in various contexts.
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K.A.4.1
Verbally describe changes in various contexts (e.g., plants or animals growing over time).
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K.G
Geometry
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K
Students will understand geometric concepts and applications.
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K.G.1
Analyze characteristics and properties of two- and three-dimensional geometric shapes and develop mathematical arguments about geometric relationships.
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K.G.1.1
Identify common objects in their environments and describe their geometric features:
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K.G.1.1.a
describe, identify, model, and draw common geometric objects (e.g., circle, triangle, square, rectangle, cube, sphere, cone)
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K.G.1.1.b
compare familiar plane and solid objects by common attributes (e.g., shape, size, number of corners)
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K.G.2
Specify locations and describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry and other representational systems.
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K.G.2.1
Follow simple directions to find a specific location in space.
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K.G.2.2
Use spatial vocabulary (e.g., left, right, above, below) to describe relative position.
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K.G.3
Apply transformations and use symmetry to analyze mathematical situations.
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K.G.3.1
Use manipulatives (e.g., puzzles, tangrams, blocks) to demonstrate rotation (i.e., turns), translations (i.e., slides), and reflection (i.e., flips).
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K.G.3.2
Investigate the symmetry of two-dimensional shapes (e.g., by folding or cutting paper, using mirrors).
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K.G.4
Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems.
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K.G.4.1
Describe how to get from one location to another (e.g., how to get to the library).
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K.G.4.2
Find and describe geometric shapes in nature or architecture.
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K.M
Measurement
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K
Students will understand measurement systems and applications.
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K.M.1
Understand measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and process of measurement.
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K.M.1.1
Describe and compare, using appropriate concepts and vocabulary, the measurable properties of length (e.g., shorter, longer, taller), volume (e.g., full, empty), weight (e.g., heavy, light), and time (e.g., before, after, morning, afternoon, days of week).
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K.M.1.2
Use tools to make predictions (e.g., using a balance scale, predicting how many cups a container will hold and then filling it to check the prediction).
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K.M.1.3
Measure using non-standard units of measurement (e.g., use pencils to measure desk top, use different lengths of rope to measure distance in classroom).
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K.M.1.4
Use digital and analog (face) clocks to tell time to the hour.
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K.M.2
Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements.
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K.M.2.1
Explore measuring objects using a repeating non-standard unit of measurement (e.g., paper clips, cubes, etc.).
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K.D
Data Analysis and Probability
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K
Students will understand how to formulate questions, analyze data, and determine probabilities.
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K.D.1
Formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect, organize, and display relevant data to answer them.
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K.D.1.1
Collect data about objects and events in the environment to answer simple questions (e.g., brainstorm questions about self and surroundings, collect data, and record the results using objects, pictures, and pictographs).
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K.D.2
Select and use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data.
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K.D.2.1
Describe simple data and pose questions about the data.
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K.D.3
Develop and evaluate inferences and predictions that are based on data.
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K.D.3.1
Make simple predictions.
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K.D.4
Understand and apply basic concepts of probability.
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K.D.4.1
Answer questions that relate to the possibility of familiar events happening or not.
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