K-12 ELA Standards: Grade 6
Skills available for Georgia sixth-grade language arts standards
Domain
Print skill plan
L
Language
Students observe, analyze, and use the structures and conventions of Standard English grammar, usage, and mechanics as they interpret and construct texts.
6-8.L.GC.1 Draw from knowledge of the conventions of Standard English grammar, usage, and mechanics when analyzing and constructing texts.
Sentence types
Subjects and predicates
Sentences, fragments, and run-ons
Phrases and clauses
Common and proper nouns
Plural nouns
Plurals and possessives
Pronouns and antecedents
Subject and object pronouns
Possessive pronouns
Personal and reflexive pronouns
Relative pronouns
Verb types
Modal verbs
Subject-verb agreement
Verb tense
Adjectives
Adverbs
Adjectives and adverbs
Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs
Prepositions
Direct and indirect objects
Conjunctions
Contractions
Restrictive and nonrestrictive elements
Commas
Dashes
Capitalization
Formatting
Frequently confused words
6-8.L.GC.1 Draw from knowledge of the conventions of Standard English grammar, usage, and mechanics when analyzing and constructing texts.
Sentence types
Subjects and predicates
Sentences, fragments, and run-ons
Phrases and clauses
Common and proper nouns
Plural nouns
Plurals and possessives
Pronouns and antecedents
Subject and object pronouns
Possessive pronouns
Personal and reflexive pronouns
Relative pronouns
Verb types
Modal verbs
Subject-verb agreement
Verb tense
Adjectives
Adverbs
Adjectives and adverbs
Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs
Prepositions
Direct and indirect objects
Conjunctions
Contractions
Restrictive and nonrestrictive elements
Commas
Dashes
Capitalization
Formatting
Frequently confused words
6-8.L.GC.2 Apply understanding of syntax to comprehend, analyze, condense, and combine ideas and information, enhancing clarity, style, and meaning.
6-8.L.GC.2 Apply understanding of syntax to comprehend, analyze, condense, and combine ideas and information, enhancing clarity, style, and meaning.
6.L.GC.2.a: Apply understandings of syntax to comprehend and analyze a variety of grade-level texts.
6.L.GC.2.a: Apply understandings of syntax to comprehend and analyze a variety of grade-level texts.
6.L.GC.2.b: Use a variety of simple, compound, and complex sentences, and compound-complex sentences to condense and combine ideas, maintaining consistent verb tense throughout the text.
Sentence variety
Verb tense
6.L.GC.2.b: Use a variety of simple, compound, and complex sentences, and compound-complex sentences to condense and combine ideas, maintaining consistent verb tense throughout the text.
Sentence variety
Verb tense
6.L.GC.2.c: Identify and use active voice in sentences, revising for subject-verb agreement.
Active and passive voice
Subject-verb agreement
6.L.GC.2.c: Identify and use active voice in sentences, revising for subject-verb agreement.
Active and passive voice
Subject-verb agreement
6.L.GC.2.d: Build and enrich ideas and information in texts, using modifiers when incorporating details and descriptions to convey meaning and facilitate engagement.
6.L.GC.2.d: Build and enrich ideas and information in texts, using modifiers when incorporating details and descriptions to convey meaning and facilitate engagement.
Students engage in a wide range of written and spoken activities during which they expand and deepen their vocabularies, build word analysis skillsets (morphology), and determine or clarify the meanings of words and phrases.
6-8.L.V.1 Use a variety of approaches to continuously build vocabulary across a range of real-life, academic, and disciplinary contexts and apply those understandings to analyze texts and to communicate effectively.
6-8.L.V.1 Use a variety of approaches to continuously build vocabulary across a range of real-life, academic, and disciplinary contexts and apply those understandings to analyze texts and to communicate effectively.
6-8.L.V.1.a: Acquire a range of general, academic, and disciplinary vocabulary through grade level print, digital, and/or multimodal texts or content.
Domain-specific vocabulary
Vocabulary in context
6-8.L.V.1.a: Acquire a range of general, academic, and disciplinary vocabulary through grade level print, digital, and/or multimodal texts or content.
Domain-specific vocabulary
Vocabulary in context
6-8.L.V.1.b: Use grade-level general, academic, and disciplinary vocabulary to communicate clearly and precisely in a variety of settings.
Academic vocabulary
Connotation
Word choice
Transitions
6-8.L.V.1.b: Use grade-level general, academic, and disciplinary vocabulary to communicate clearly and precisely in a variety of settings.
Academic vocabulary
Connotation
Word choice
Transitions
6-8.L.V.2 Use word knowledge and word analysis skills to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words and to communicate effectively for a variety of purposes.
6-8.L.V.2 Use word knowledge and word analysis skills to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words and to communicate effectively for a variety of purposes.
6-8.L.V.2.a: Deconstruct words using etymology knowledge, Greek and Latin roots, root words, and/or affixes to determine or clarify meaning in grade-level texts.
Prefixes
Suffixes
Greek and Latin roots
6-8.L.V.2.a: Deconstruct words using etymology knowledge, Greek and Latin roots, root words, and/or affixes to determine or clarify meaning in grade-level texts.
Prefixes
Suffixes
Greek and Latin roots
6-8.L.V.2.b: Apply knowledge of parts of speech to determine the meanings of words and phrases in grade-level texts.
6-8.L.V.2.b: Apply knowledge of parts of speech to determine the meanings of words and phrases in grade-level texts.
6-8.L.V.2.c: Construct words based on knowledge of Greek and Latin roots, root words, and/or affixes and use those words appropriately in context.
6-8.L.V.2.c: Construct words based on knowledge of Greek and Latin roots, root words, and/or affixes and use those words appropriately in context.
6-8.L.V.2.d: Use knowledge of parts of speech to determine precise words and phrases when constructing texts.
Pronouns
Subject-verb agreement
Verb tense
Adverbs
Adjectives
Adjectives and adverbs
Conjunctions
6-8.L.V.2.d: Use knowledge of parts of speech to determine precise words and phrases when constructing texts.
Pronouns
Subject-verb agreement
Verb tense
Adverbs
Adjectives
Adjectives and adverbs
Conjunctions
6-8.L.V.3 Analyze the denotative and connotative meanings of words and phrases and strategically apply those understandings when interpreting and constructing texts.
6-8.L.V.3 Analyze the denotative and connotative meanings of words and phrases and strategically apply those understandings when interpreting and constructing texts.
6-8.L.V.3.b: Analyze relationships between words, phrases, and/or clauses (e.g., synonyms, antonyms, analogies, contextual clues) to determine, distinguish, or clarify the meaning of unknown or multiple-meaning words and phrases.
Synonyms and antonyms
Figurative language
Idioms
Analogies
Vocabulary in context
Multiple-meaning words
6-8.L.V.3.b: Analyze relationships between words, phrases, and/or clauses (e.g., synonyms, antonyms, analogies, contextual clues) to determine, distinguish, or clarify the meaning of unknown or multiple-meaning words and phrases.
Synonyms and antonyms
Figurative language
Idioms
Analogies
Vocabulary in context
Multiple-meaning words
6-8.L.V.3.c: Distinguish between the connotations of words that share a similar denotation (e.g., confident, assertive, egotistic, pompous, smug).
Connotation and denotation
Word choice and usage
6-8.L.V.3.c: Distinguish between the connotations of words that share a similar denotation (e.g., confident, assertive, egotistic, pompous, smug).
Connotation and denotation
Word choice and usage
6-8.L.V.3.d: Use available print and/or digital resources, including reference materials and digital tools (e.g., online search, embedded word processing features), to determine, clarify, or verify the meaning of unknown or multiple-meaning words and phrases.
Reference skills
Dictionary skills
Thesaurus skills
6-8.L.V.3.d: Use available print and/or digital resources, including reference materials and digital tools (e.g., online search, embedded word processing features), to determine, clarify, or verify the meaning of unknown or multiple-meaning words and phrases.
Reference skills
Dictionary skills
Thesaurus skills
6-8.L.V.3.e: Determine or clarify the nuanced meanings of closely related words or phrases using available print and/or digital resources to make strategic decisions when speaking and writing.
6-8.L.V.3.e: Determine or clarify the nuanced meanings of closely related words or phrases using available print and/or digital resources to make strategic decisions when speaking and writing.
T
Texts
Students recognize influences on texts and analyze how they shape meaning.
6-8.T.C.1 Analyze the impact of purpose and audience on a wide variety of texts.
6-8.T.C.1 Analyze the impact of purpose and audience on a wide variety of texts.
6.T.C.1.a: Analyze the development of multiple purposes within a single text and how those purposes target specific audiences.
6.T.C.1.a: Analyze the development of multiple purposes within a single text and how those purposes target specific audiences.
6.T.C.1.b: Use text mode features to aid comprehension and analysis of a variety of disciplinary texts and their related contexts.
6.T.C.1.b: Use text mode features to aid comprehension and analysis of a variety of disciplinary texts and their related contexts.
6.T.C.1.c: Construct multimodal texts and/or presentations for a specific purpose and audience.
6.T.C.1.c: Construct multimodal texts and/or presentations for a specific purpose and audience.
6-8.T.C.2 Analyze how authors' and/or speakers' perspectives influence texts and how circumstances shape their creation.
6-8.T.C.2 Analyze how authors' and/or speakers' perspectives influence texts and how circumstances shape their creation.
6.T.C.2.a: Describe and analyze the development and interaction of two or more perspectives conveyed by a single text.
6.T.C.2.a: Describe and analyze the development and interaction of two or more perspectives conveyed by a single text.
6.T.C.2.b: Explain how the author's choice of evidence reveals the author's perspective and impacts credibility.
6.T.C.2.b: Explain how the author's choice of evidence reveals the author's perspective and impacts credibility.
6.T.C.2.c: Identify and analyze the impact of background information and context (e.g., geography, location, era, historical happenings) on text development.
6.T.C.2.c: Identify and analyze the impact of background information and context (e.g., geography, location, era, historical happenings) on text development.
6.T.C.2.d: Use credible sources to research the answers to questions on academic and individual topics of interest.
6.T.C.2.d: Use credible sources to research the answers to questions on academic and individual topics of interest.
Students analyze and use organizational structures and style to shape ideas and information.
6-8.T.SS.1 Analyze and use organizational structures to craft meaning.
6-8.T.SS.1 Analyze and use organizational structures to craft meaning.
6.T.SS.1.a: Explain how authors modify text structures or features to convey meaning, respond to the audience, or achieve specific purposes.
6.T.SS.1.a: Explain how authors modify text structures or features to convey meaning, respond to the audience, or achieve specific purposes.
6.T.SS.1.b: Design texts, flexibly employing a variety of text structures and text features to convey information and add style, as appropriate to purpose and audience.
Author's purpose
Organization
6.T.SS.1.b: Design texts, flexibly employing a variety of text structures and text features to convey information and add style, as appropriate to purpose and audience.
Author's purpose
Organization
6.T.SS.1.c: Use concept repetition and connected terms to support transitions, clarify the relationship between ideas and information in texts, and increase text cohesion.
6.T.SS.1.c: Use concept repetition and connected terms to support transitions, clarify the relationship between ideas and information in texts, and increase text cohesion.
6.T.SS.1.d: Craft multi-paragraph texts using a coherent structure to organize ideas with an introduction; supporting facts, reasons, details, descriptions, and/or events; and a conclusion.
Organization
Topic sentences and thesis statements
Facts and opinions
Supporting details and evidence
Concluding sentences
6.T.SS.1.d: Craft multi-paragraph texts using a coherent structure to organize ideas with an introduction; supporting facts, reasons, details, descriptions, and/or events; and a conclusion.
Organization
Topic sentences and thesis statements
Facts and opinions
Supporting details and evidence
Concluding sentences
6-8.T.SS.2 Interpret and use language to craft engaging texts.
6-8.T.SS.2 Interpret and use language to craft engaging texts.
6.T.SS.2.a: Determine how figurative and connotative language choices contribute to meaning, mood, or tone in a wide variety of texts.
Figurative language
Connotation
Tone
6.T.SS.2.a: Determine how figurative and connotative language choices contribute to meaning, mood, or tone in a wide variety of texts.
Figurative language
Connotation
Tone
6.T.SS.2.b: Use figurative language or literary devices for intentional effects when creating texts to achieve specific purposes or appeal to the target audience.
6.T.SS.2.b: Use figurative language or literary devices for intentional effects when creating texts to achieve specific purposes or appeal to the target audience.
6.T.SS.2.c: Compare and contrast characteristics of formal style (e.g., jargon, complete sentences) with those of informal style (e.g., contractions, slang, sentence fragments) and apply understandings to writing and speaking.
6.T.SS.2.c: Compare and contrast characteristics of formal style (e.g., jargon, complete sentences) with those of informal style (e.g., contractions, slang, sentence fragments) and apply understandings to writing and speaking.
Students analyze and apply various techniques to comprehend and shape meaning.
6-8.T.T.1 Analyze and apply narrative techniques.
Literary texts: level 1
Literary texts: level 2
Short stories
Literary passages
6-8.T.T.1 Analyze and apply narrative techniques.
Literary texts: level 1
Literary texts: level 2
Short stories
Literary passages
6.T.T.1.a: Describe how narrative techniques are used across the text to develop plot, characters, and setting.
Point of view
Characters
Sensory details
Figurative language
Theme
6.T.T.1.a: Describe how narrative techniques are used across the text to develop plot, characters, and setting.
Point of view
Characters
Sensory details
Figurative language
Theme
6.T.T.1.b: Analyze how setting, events, conflict, and characterization influence plot pacing.
6.T.T.1.b: Analyze how setting, events, conflict, and characterization influence plot pacing.
6.T.T.1.c: Identify multiple themes and describe how the relationships and interactions between characters influence and shape themes.
6.T.T.1.c: Identify multiple themes and describe how the relationships and interactions between characters influence and shape themes.
6.T.T.1.d: Compare and contrast literary texts in different modes and genres (e.g., historical novels and fantasy texts) in terms of their approaches to similar themes and topics.
6.T.T.1.d: Compare and contrast literary texts in different modes and genres (e.g., historical novels and fantasy texts) in terms of their approaches to similar themes and topics.
6.T.T.1.e: Apply narrative techniques to enhance writing, engage audiences, and achieve specific purposes.
Descriptive details
Dialogue
Personification
6.T.T.1.e: Apply narrative techniques to enhance writing, engage audiences, and achieve specific purposes.
Descriptive details
Dialogue
Personification
6-8.T.T.2 Analyze and apply expository techniques.
Informational texts
Informational passages
6-8.T.T.2 Analyze and apply expository techniques.
Informational texts
Informational passages
6.T.T.2.a: Recognize and describe expository techniques used to present and design content, including main ideas, facts, key details, and a sense of closure.
Main idea
Facts and opinions
Text structure
6.T.T.2.a: Recognize and describe expository techniques used to present and design content, including main ideas, facts, key details, and a sense of closure.
Main idea
Facts and opinions
Text structure
6.T.T.2.b: Compare and contrast one author's presentation of events with that of another on the same historical event or topic.
6.T.T.2.b: Compare and contrast one author's presentation of events with that of another on the same historical event or topic.
6.T.T.2.c: Apply expository techniques (e.g., main idea, facts, key details, sense of closure) to enhance writing and engage audiences.
Organization
Supporting details and evidence
Transitions
6.T.T.2.c: Apply expository techniques (e.g., main idea, facts, key details, sense of closure) to enhance writing and engage audiences.
Organization
Supporting details and evidence
Transitions
6-8.T.T.3 Analyze and apply argumentative techniques.
6-8.T.T.3 Analyze and apply argumentative techniques.
6.T.T.3.a: Recognize and explain argumentative techniques used to present and design content, including an author's claim, supporting relevant evidence, an identified counterclaim, and a conclusion that logically follows the argument.
Thesis statement
Opinion
Fallacies
6.T.T.3.a: Recognize and explain argumentative techniques used to present and design content, including an author's claim, supporting relevant evidence, an identified counterclaim, and a conclusion that logically follows the argument.
Thesis statement
Opinion
Fallacies
6.T.T.3.c: Apply argumentative techniques (e.g., author's claim, supporting relevant evidence, an identified counterclaim, and a logical conclusion) to enhance writing and engage audiences.
Supporting details and evidence
Counterclaims
6.T.T.3.c: Apply argumentative techniques (e.g., author's claim, supporting relevant evidence, an identified counterclaim, and a logical conclusion) to enhance writing and engage audiences.
Supporting details and evidence
Counterclaims
6-8.T.T.4 Analyze and apply poetic techniques.
6-8.T.T.4 Analyze and apply poetic techniques.
6.T.T.4.a: Recognize and describe poetic techniques used to present and design content, including stanzas, rhyme scheme, imagery, figurative language, and/or sound devices.
Poetry elements
Sensory details
Figurative language
6.T.T.4.a: Recognize and describe poetic techniques used to present and design content, including stanzas, rhyme scheme, imagery, figurative language, and/or sound devices.
Poetry elements
Sensory details
Figurative language
6.T.T.4.b: Apply poetic techniques (e.g., stanzas, rhyme/rhyme scheme, imagery, figurative language, sound devices) to produce poetry and engage audiences.
6.T.T.4.b: Apply poetic techniques (e.g., stanzas, rhyme/rhyme scheme, imagery, figurative language, sound devices) to produce poetry and engage audiences.
Students use, discuss, analyze, and curate texts as they engage in various conversations, activities, and projects about a range of grade-level texts and topics.
6-8.T.RA.1 Conduct research, generating questions to guide investigations of complex topics of interest and using credible resources to support analyses.
6-8.T.RA.1 Conduct research, generating questions to guide investigations of complex topics of interest and using credible resources to support analyses.
6.T.RA.1.a: Generate questions to guide research and make connections between related topics of interest, formulating questions to investigate complex topics and ideas.
6.T.RA.1.a: Generate questions to guide research and make connections between related topics of interest, formulating questions to investigate complex topics and ideas.
6.T.RA.1.b: Draw from accumulated knowledge and research to analyze texts, supporting, challenging, or extending ideas and information.
6.T.RA.1.b: Draw from accumulated knowledge and research to analyze texts, supporting, challenging, or extending ideas and information.
6.T.RA.1.c: Conduct research by locating, gathering, curating, and integrating information from credible sources (including print, digital, and personal communication) about texts and related topics.
Analyze sources
Supporting details and evidence
Research skills
Plagiarism
6.T.RA.1.c: Conduct research by locating, gathering, curating, and integrating information from credible sources (including print, digital, and personal communication) about texts and related topics.
Analyze sources
Supporting details and evidence
Research skills
Plagiarism
6-8.T.RA.2 Utilize multiple print and digital texts to address a specific topic or question, assessing source credibility and relevance and integrating evidence properly to avoid plagiarism.
6-8.T.RA.2 Utilize multiple print and digital texts to address a specific topic or question, assessing source credibility and relevance and integrating evidence properly to avoid plagiarism.
6.T.RA.2.a: Locate evidence in print and digital sources to support a central idea or question, recording basic bibliographic information, such as author, title, and page number.
6.T.RA.2.a: Locate evidence in print and digital sources to support a central idea or question, recording basic bibliographic information, such as author, title, and page number.
6.T.RA.2.b: Analyze print and digital texts to identify features of credible, relevant sources and to determine indicators that might signal unreliable sources.
6.T.RA.2.b: Analyze print and digital texts to identify features of credible, relevant sources and to determine indicators that might signal unreliable sources.
6.T.RA.2.c: Use basic parenthetical citations to credit authors when quoting or paraphrasing texts, ensuring each source is accompanied by a basic entry on a works cited page.
6.T.RA.2.c: Use basic parenthetical citations to credit authors when quoting or paraphrasing texts, ensuring each source is accompanied by a basic entry on a works cited page.
Students demonstrate knowledge of dominant themes, genres, and verbal styles of literature from a particular time period.
6-8.T.PM.1 Demonstrate knowledge of dominant themes, genres, and verbal styles of literature from a particular time period.
6-8.T.PM.1 Demonstrate knowledge of dominant themes, genres, and verbal styles of literature from a particular time period.
6.T.PM.1.a: Read and comprehend myths and stories (fictional or historical) that modern writers have adapted into their own works.
6.T.PM.1.a: Read and comprehend myths and stories (fictional or historical) that modern writers have adapted into their own works.
6.T.PM.1.b: Read and comprehend one genre of literature from a particular time period.
6.T.PM.1.b: Read and comprehend one genre of literature from a particular time period.