IXL Skill Plan | K-12 ELA Standards: Grade 9

K-12 ELA Standards: Grade 9

Skills available for Georgia ninth-grade language arts standards

Domain

Language
Texts

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L	Language
Students observe, analyze, and use the structures and conventions of Standard English grammar, usage, and mechanics as they interpret and construct texts.
9-12.L.GC.1 Draw from knowledge of the conventions of Standard English grammar, usage, and mechanics when analyzing, evaluating and constructing texts.		Sentence types 1. Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? Subjects and predicates 2. Identify the complete subject or complete predicate of a sentence 3. Identify the simple subject or simple predicate of a sentence Sentences, fragments, and run-ons 4. Identify sentence fragments 5. Identify run-on sentences 6. Choose punctuation to avoid fragments and run-ons Phrases and clauses 7. Is it a phrase or a clause? 8. Identify appositives and appositive phrases 9. Identify dependent and independent clauses 10. Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? 11. Combine sentences using relative clauses Nouns 12. Form and use plurals: review 13. Form and use plurals of compound nouns 14. Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns 15. Identify and correct errors with compound and joint possession Pronouns and antecedents 16. Use the pronoun that agrees with the antecedent 17. Identify vague pronoun references 18. Identify all of the possible antecedents 19. Correct inappropriate shifts in pronoun number and person Subject and object pronouns 20. Identify and correct errors with subject and object pronouns 21. Pronouns after "than" and "as" Relative pronouns 22. Use relative pronouns: who and whom 23. Use relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, and that Verb types 24. Identify transitive and intransitive verbs 25. Identify linking verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns Subject-verb agreement 26. Identify and correct errors with subject-verb agreement 27. Identify and correct errors with indefinite pronoun-verb agreement 28. Identify and correct verb agreement with compound subjects Verb tense 29. Simple past, present, and future tense: review 30. Form the progressive verb tenses 31. Form the perfect verb tenses 32. Identify and correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense Verbals 33. Identify participles and what they modify 34. Identify gerunds and their functions 35. Identify infinitives and infinitive phrases Verb mood 36. Identify the verb mood 37. Correct errors with verb mood Adjectives and adverbs 38. Choose between adjectives and adverbs Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs 39. Form and use comparative and superlative adjectives 40. Good, better, best, bad, worse, and worst 41. Form and use comparative and superlative adverbs 42. Well, better, best, badly, worse, and worst Prepositions 43. Identify prepositional phrases Direct and indirect objects 44. Is it a direct object or an indirect object? Conjunctions 45. Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions Misplaced modifiers 46. Misplaced modifiers with pictures 47. Select the misplaced or dangling modifier 48. Are the modifiers used correctly? Restrictive and nonrestrictive elements 49. What does the punctuation suggest? 50. Commas with nonrestrictive elements Commas 51. Commas with direct addresses, introductory words, interjections, interrupters, and antithetical phrases 52. Commas with series, dates, and places 53. Commas with compound and complex sentences 54. Commas with coordinate adjectives 55. Commas: review Semicolons, colons, and commas 56. Use semicolons and commas to separate clauses 57. Use semicolons, colons, and commas with lists 58. Semicolons, colons, and commas: review Dashes, hyphens, and ellipses 59. Use dashes 60. Use hyphens in compound adjectives 61. Decide whether ellipses are used appropriately Capitalization 62. Correct capitalization errors 63. Capitalizing titles Formatting 64. Formatting quotations and dialogue 65. Formatting titles 66. Formatting and capitalizing titles: review
9-12.L.GC.1 Draw from knowledge of the conventions of Standard English grammar, usage, and mechanics when analyzing, evaluating and constructing texts.
Sentence types 1. Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? Subjects and predicates 2. Identify the complete subject or complete predicate of a sentence 3. Identify the simple subject or simple predicate of a sentence Sentences, fragments, and run-ons 4. Identify sentence fragments 5. Identify run-on sentences 6. Choose punctuation to avoid fragments and run-ons Phrases and clauses 7. Is it a phrase or a clause? 8. Identify appositives and appositive phrases 9. Identify dependent and independent clauses 10. Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? 11. Combine sentences using relative clauses Nouns 12. Form and use plurals: review 13. Form and use plurals of compound nouns 14. Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns 15. Identify and correct errors with compound and joint possession Pronouns and antecedents 16. Use the pronoun that agrees with the antecedent 17. Identify vague pronoun references 18. Identify all of the possible antecedents 19. Correct inappropriate shifts in pronoun number and person Subject and object pronouns 20. Identify and correct errors with subject and object pronouns 21. Pronouns after "than" and "as" Relative pronouns 22. Use relative pronouns: who and whom 23. Use relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, and that Verb types 24. Identify transitive and intransitive verbs 25. Identify linking verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns Subject-verb agreement 26. Identify and correct errors with subject-verb agreement 27. Identify and correct errors with indefinite pronoun-verb agreement 28. Identify and correct verb agreement with compound subjects Verb tense 29. Simple past, present, and future tense: review 30. Form the progressive verb tenses 31. Form the perfect verb tenses 32. Identify and correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense Verbals 33. Identify participles and what they modify 34. Identify gerunds and their functions 35. Identify infinitives and infinitive phrases Verb mood 36. Identify the verb mood 37. Correct errors with verb mood Adjectives and adverbs 38. Choose between adjectives and adverbs Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs 39. Form and use comparative and superlative adjectives 40. Good, better, best, bad, worse, and worst 41. Form and use comparative and superlative adverbs 42. Well, better, best, badly, worse, and worst Prepositions 43. Identify prepositional phrases Direct and indirect objects 44. Is it a direct object or an indirect object? Conjunctions 45. Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions Misplaced modifiers 46. Misplaced modifiers with pictures 47. Select the misplaced or dangling modifier 48. Are the modifiers used correctly? Restrictive and nonrestrictive elements 49. What does the punctuation suggest? 50. Commas with nonrestrictive elements Commas 51. Commas with direct addresses, introductory words, interjections, interrupters, and antithetical phrases 52. Commas with series, dates, and places 53. Commas with compound and complex sentences 54. Commas with coordinate adjectives 55. Commas: review Semicolons, colons, and commas 56. Use semicolons and commas to separate clauses 57. Use semicolons, colons, and commas with lists 58. Semicolons, colons, and commas: review Dashes, hyphens, and ellipses 59. Use dashes 60. Use hyphens in compound adjectives 61. Decide whether ellipses are used appropriately Capitalization 62. Correct capitalization errors 63. Capitalizing titles Formatting 64. Formatting quotations and dialogue 65. Formatting titles 66. Formatting and capitalizing titles: review

9-12.L.GC.2 Apply understanding of syntax to comprehend, analyze, evaluate, craft, and reshape sentences to achieve desired effects.
9-12.L.GC.2 Apply understanding of syntax to comprehend, analyze, evaluate, craft, and reshape sentences to achieve desired effects.

9.L.GC.2.a: Apply understandings of syntax to comprehend, analyze, and evaluate a wide variety of texts, recognizing instances of parallel structure.		1. Identify sentences with parallel structure 2. What does the punctuation suggest?
9.L.GC.2.a: Apply understandings of syntax to comprehend, analyze, and evaluate a wide variety of texts, recognizing instances of parallel structure.
1. Identify sentences with parallel structure 2. What does the punctuation suggest?
9.L.GC.2.b: Compose texts with varied syntax, reshaping sentences for effect while maintaining consistency of verb tenses, aspects, and moods.		Sentence variety 1. Create varied sentences based on models 2. Identify dependent and independent clauses 3. Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? 4. Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions Combine sentences 5. Combine sentences using relative clauses Verb tense 6. Identify and correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense Verb mood 7. Identify the verb mood 8. Correct errors with verb mood
9.L.GC.2.b: Compose texts with varied syntax, reshaping sentences for effect while maintaining consistency of verb tenses, aspects, and moods.
Sentence variety 1. Create varied sentences based on models 2. Identify dependent and independent clauses 3. Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? 4. Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions Combine sentences 5. Combine sentences using relative clauses Verb tense 6. Identify and correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense Verb mood 7. Identify the verb mood 8. Correct errors with verb mood
9.L.GC.2.c: Maintain consistent use of active voice throughout a text to communicate clearly and concisely.		1. Identify active and passive voice 2. Rewrite the sentence in active voice
9.L.GC.2.c: Maintain consistent use of active voice throughout a text to communicate clearly and concisely.
1. Identify active and passive voice 2. Rewrite the sentence in active voice
9.L.GC.2.d: Expand and enrich ideas and information, incorporating details and descriptions to achieve specific purposes or facilitate engagement.		Modifiers 1. Select the misplaced or dangling modifier 2. Are the modifiers used correctly? Phrases 3. Identify prepositional phrases 4. Identify appositives and appositive phrases
9.L.GC.2.d: Expand and enrich ideas and information, incorporating details and descriptions to achieve specific purposes or facilitate engagement.
Modifiers 1. Select the misplaced or dangling modifier 2. Are the modifiers used correctly? Phrases 3. Identify prepositional phrases 4. Identify appositives and appositive phrases
9.L.GC.2.e: Recognize and use parallel structure within a sentence to create symmetry and convey a congruence of ideas.		1. Identify sentences with parallel structure 2. Use parallel structure
9.L.GC.2.e: Recognize and use parallel structure within a sentence to create symmetry and convey a congruence of ideas.
1. Identify sentences with parallel structure 2. Use parallel structure
Students engage in a wide range of written and spoken activities during which they expand and deepen their vocabularies, build word analysis skillsets (morphology), and determine or clarify the meanings of words and phrases.
9-12.L.V.1 Use expanding vocabulary knowledge to interpret texts and to craft effective communications across a wide variety of real-life, academic, disciplinary, technical, and professional contexts.
9-12.L.V.1 Use expanding vocabulary knowledge to interpret texts and to craft effective communications across a wide variety of real-life, academic, disciplinary, technical, and professional contexts.

9-12.L.V.1.a: Acquire a range of general, academic, disciplinary, technical, and professional vocabulary through grade-level print, digital, and/or multimodal texts or content.		Vocabulary in context 1. Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context 2. Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context 3. Use context to identify the meaning of a word Foreign words and expressions 4. Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words 5. Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions Word usage 6. Explore words with new or contested usages Domain-specific vocabulary 7. Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures Reference materials 8. Use dictionary definitions 9. Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage
9-12.L.V.1.a: Acquire a range of general, academic, disciplinary, technical, and professional vocabulary through grade-level print, digital, and/or multimodal texts or content.
Vocabulary in context 1. Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context 2. Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context 3. Use context to identify the meaning of a word Foreign words and expressions 4. Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words 5. Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions Word usage 6. Explore words with new or contested usages Domain-specific vocabulary 7. Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures Reference materials 8. Use dictionary definitions 9. Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage
9-12.L.V.1.b: Use grade-level general, academic, disciplinary, technical, and professional vocabulary to communicate clearly and precisely, adjusting style as appropriate in a variety of settings.		Foreign words and expressions 1. Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions 2. Use the correct foreign expression Word choice and usage 3. Describe the difference between related words 4. Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence 5. Use words accurately and precisely
9-12.L.V.1.b: Use grade-level general, academic, disciplinary, technical, and professional vocabulary to communicate clearly and precisely, adjusting style as appropriate in a variety of settings.
Foreign words and expressions 1. Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions 2. Use the correct foreign expression Word choice and usage 3. Describe the difference between related words 4. Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence 5. Use words accurately and precisely

9-12.L.V.2 Use word knowledge and word analysis skills to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words and to communicate effectively for a variety of purposes.
9-12.L.V.2 Use word knowledge and word analysis skills to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words and to communicate effectively for a variety of purposes.

9-12.L.V.2.a: Deconstruct unknown words or phrases using etymology knowledge, common Greek and Latin roots, root words, and/or affixes to determine meaning as used in grade-level texts.		Etymology 1. Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words Greek and Latin roots 2. Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots 3. Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words 4. Use words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots 5. Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots 6. Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots Prefixes 7. Words with pre- 8. Words with re- 9. Words with sub- 10. Words with mis- 11. Words with un-, dis-, in-, im-, and non- 12. Words with pre-, re-, sub-, and mis- Suffixes 13. Words with -ful 14. Words with -less 15. Words with -able and -ible 16. Words with -ful and -less
9-12.L.V.2.a: Deconstruct unknown words or phrases using etymology knowledge, common Greek and Latin roots, root words, and/or affixes to determine meaning as used in grade-level texts.
Etymology 1. Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words Greek and Latin roots 2. Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots 3. Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words 4. Use words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots 5. Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots 6. Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots Prefixes 7. Words with pre- 8. Words with re- 9. Words with sub- 10. Words with mis- 11. Words with un-, dis-, in-, im-, and non- 12. Words with pre-, re-, sub-, and mis- Suffixes 13. Words with -ful 14. Words with -less 15. Words with -able and -ible 16. Words with -ful and -less
9-12.L.V.2.b: Determine the meanings of words and phrases in context by analyzing the impact of parts of speech.		1. Word pattern sentences
9-12.L.V.2.b: Determine the meanings of words and phrases in context by analyzing the impact of parts of speech.
1. Word pattern sentences
9-12.L.V.2.c: Construct words based on Greek and Latin roots, root words, and/or affixes and use those words appropriately in context.		1. Word pattern analogies
9-12.L.V.2.c: Construct words based on Greek and Latin roots, root words, and/or affixes and use those words appropriately in context.
1. Word pattern analogies
9-12.L.V.2.d: Use knowledge of parts of speech to determine precise and effective words and phrases when constructing texts.		Word patterns 1. Word pattern analogies 2. Word pattern sentences Pronouns 3. Identify and correct errors with subject and object pronouns 4. Subject and object pronouns review 5. Use relative pronouns: who and whom 6. Use relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, and that Adjectives and adverbs 7. Choose between adjectives and adverbs 8. Form and use comparative and superlative adjectives 9. Good, better, best, bad, worse, and worst 10. Form and use comparative and superlative adverbs 11. Well, better, best, badly, worse, and worst Nouns 12. Form and use plurals: review 13. Form and use plurals of compound nouns Verbs 14. Identify transitive and intransitive verbs 15. Identify linking verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns 16. Identify participles and what they modify 17. Identify gerunds and their functions 18. Identify infinitives and infinitive phrases Conjunctions 19. Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions
9-12.L.V.2.d: Use knowledge of parts of speech to determine precise and effective words and phrases when constructing texts.
Word patterns 1. Word pattern analogies 2. Word pattern sentences Pronouns 3. Identify and correct errors with subject and object pronouns 4. Subject and object pronouns review 5. Use relative pronouns: who and whom 6. Use relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, and that Adjectives and adverbs 7. Choose between adjectives and adverbs 8. Form and use comparative and superlative adjectives 9. Good, better, best, bad, worse, and worst 10. Form and use comparative and superlative adverbs 11. Well, better, best, badly, worse, and worst Nouns 12. Form and use plurals: review 13. Form and use plurals of compound nouns Verbs 14. Identify transitive and intransitive verbs 15. Identify linking verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns 16. Identify participles and what they modify 17. Identify gerunds and their functions 18. Identify infinitives and infinitive phrases Conjunctions 19. Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions

9-12.L.V.3 Analyze and craft nuanced words and phrases in a variety of texts and for a variety of purposes.
9-12.L.V.3 Analyze and craft nuanced words and phrases in a variety of texts and for a variety of purposes.

9-12.L.V.3.b: Analyze relationships between words to determine connotative and denotative meanings for words and/or phrases across a variety of contexts.		Connotation and denotation 1. Describe the difference between related words 2. Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence Synonyms and antonyms 3. Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context 4. Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context Analogies 5. Analogies 6. Analogies: challenge Vocabulary in context 7. Use context to identify the meaning of a word Multiple-meaning words 8. Which sentence matches the definition?
9-12.L.V.3.b: Analyze relationships between words to determine connotative and denotative meanings for words and/or phrases across a variety of contexts.
Connotation and denotation 1. Describe the difference between related words 2. Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence Synonyms and antonyms 3. Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context 4. Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context Analogies 5. Analogies 6. Analogies: challenge Vocabulary in context 7. Use context to identify the meaning of a word Multiple-meaning words 8. Which sentence matches the definition?
9-12.L.V.3.c: Analyze the nuances in connotative meaning of words that share a similar denotation.		1. Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence
9-12.L.V.3.c: Analyze the nuances in connotative meaning of words that share a similar denotation.
1. Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence
9-12.L.V.3.d: Use available print and/or digital resources, including reference materials, style guides, digital tools (e.g., online searches, embedded word processing features) to determine, clarify, or verify the meaning of unknown or multiple-meaning words and phrases.		1. Use dictionary entries 2. Use dictionary definitions 3. Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage
9-12.L.V.3.d: Use available print and/or digital resources, including reference materials, style guides, digital tools (e.g., online searches, embedded word processing features) to determine, clarify, or verify the meaning of unknown or multiple-meaning words and phrases.
1. Use dictionary entries 2. Use dictionary definitions 3. Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage
9-12.L.V.3.e: Make strategic language decisions when writing or speaking by determining, clarifying, or verifying the nuanced meanings of closely related words or phrases using available print and/or digital resources.		1. Use words accurately and precisely 2. Replace words using a thesaurus 3. Use thesaurus entries
9-12.L.V.3.e: Make strategic language decisions when writing or speaking by determining, clarifying, or verifying the nuanced meanings of closely related words or phrases using available print and/or digital resources.
1. Use words accurately and precisely 2. Replace words using a thesaurus 3. Use thesaurus entries

T	Texts
Students investigate the relationships between authors, purposes, and audiences of texts, and analyze the influence of contextual factors.
9-12.T.C.1 Analyze the impact of purpose and audience on a wide variety of texts.
9-12.T.C.1 Analyze the impact of purpose and audience on a wide variety of texts.

9.T.C.1.a: Use knowledge of texts' distinct disciplinary, personal, or technical purposes to aid comprehension.		1. Identify audience and purpose
9.T.C.1.a: Use knowledge of texts' distinct disciplinary, personal, or technical purposes to aid comprehension.
1. Identify audience and purpose
9.T.C.1.b: Assess the impact of context and language on a text's reception by the audience.		1. Compare passages for subjective and objective tone 2. Compare passages for tone
9.T.C.1.b: Assess the impact of context and language on a text's reception by the audience.
1. Compare passages for subjective and objective tone 2. Compare passages for tone
9.T.C.1.c: Construct and self-evaluate multimodal texts and/or presentations that serve more than one purpose and target a specific audience using multiple, clearly identifiable features of incorporated modes.
9.T.C.1.c: Construct and self-evaluate multimodal texts and/or presentations that serve more than one purpose and target a specific audience using multiple, clearly identifiable features of incorporated modes.


9-12.T.C.2 Evaluate how authors' and/or speakers' perspectives influence texts and how circumstances shape their creation.
9-12.T.C.2 Evaluate how authors' and/or speakers' perspectives influence texts and how circumstances shape their creation.

9.T.C.2.a: Identify the impact of the speaker's reliability or credibility on the text.		1. Classify logical fallacies
9.T.C.2.a: Identify the impact of the speaker's reliability or credibility on the text.
1. Classify logical fallacies
9.T.C.2.b: Determine the reasons for changing attitudes around a topic and how that affects texts.
9.T.C.2.b: Determine the reasons for changing attitudes around a topic and how that affects texts.

9.T.C.2.d: Synthesize information from a variety of credible sources used to research the answers to questions on academic and individual topics of interest.		1. Distinguish facts from opinions 2. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 3. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 4. Identify supporting evidence in a text
9.T.C.2.d: Synthesize information from a variety of credible sources used to research the answers to questions on academic and individual topics of interest.
1. Distinguish facts from opinions 2. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 3. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 4. Identify supporting evidence in a text
Students analyze and use organizational structures and styles to shape ideas and information.
9-12.T.SS.1 Analyze, evaluate, and use organizational structures and style to shape thoughts across genres.
9-12.T.SS.1 Analyze, evaluate, and use organizational structures and style to shape thoughts across genres.

9.T.SS.1.a: Analyze the effectiveness of a text's organizational structure to meet the needs and expectations of the target audience.		Text structure 1. Compare and contrast in informational texts 2. Match causes and effects in informational texts 3. Identify text structures 4. Match problems with their solutions Text development 5. Analyze the development of informational passages: set 1 6. Analyze the development of informational passages: set 2
9.T.SS.1.a: Analyze the effectiveness of a text's organizational structure to meet the needs and expectations of the target audience.
Text structure 1. Compare and contrast in informational texts 2. Match causes and effects in informational texts 3. Identify text structures 4. Match problems with their solutions Text development 5. Analyze the development of informational passages: set 1 6. Analyze the development of informational passages: set 2
9.T.SS.1.b: Craft and organize texts using an appropriate structure and format for mode, genre, purpose, and audience.		Audience and purpose 1. Identify audience and purpose Organization 2. Order topics from broadest to narrowest 3. Organize information by topic 4. Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea 5. Identify thesis statements Development and support 6. Distinguish facts from opinions 7. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 8. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 9. Identify supporting evidence in a text 10. Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim 11. Transition logically between claims, evidence, analysis, and counterclaims
9.T.SS.1.b: Craft and organize texts using an appropriate structure and format for mode, genre, purpose, and audience.
Audience and purpose 1. Identify audience and purpose Organization 2. Order topics from broadest to narrowest 3. Organize information by topic 4. Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea 5. Identify thesis statements Development and support 6. Distinguish facts from opinions 7. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 8. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 9. Identify supporting evidence in a text 10. Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim 11. Transition logically between claims, evidence, analysis, and counterclaims
9.T.SS.1.c: Guide the audience through texts using transitions between ideas and paragraphs to enhance cohesion.		1. Transition logically between claims, evidence, analysis, and counterclaims 2. Transitions with conjunctive adverbs 3. Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions
9.T.SS.1.c: Guide the audience through texts using transitions between ideas and paragraphs to enhance cohesion.
1. Transition logically between claims, evidence, analysis, and counterclaims 2. Transitions with conjunctive adverbs 3. Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions
9.T.SS.1.d: Apply knowledge of text structure and organization to create coherent and cohesive texts with an introduction that guides the focus and captures the audience; purposefully organized and developed supporting facts, reasons, explanations, details, descriptions, and/or events; and a memorable conclusion.		Organization 1. Organize information by topic Thesis statements and topic sentences 2. Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea 3. Identify thesis statements Facts and opinions 4. Distinguish facts from opinions Supporting details 5. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 6. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 7. Identify supporting evidence in a text 8. Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim
9.T.SS.1.d: Apply knowledge of text structure and organization to create coherent and cohesive texts with an introduction that guides the focus and captures the audience; purposefully organized and developed supporting facts, reasons, explanations, details, descriptions, and/or events; and a memorable conclusion.
Organization 1. Organize information by topic Thesis statements and topic sentences 2. Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea 3. Identify thesis statements Facts and opinions 4. Distinguish facts from opinions Supporting details 5. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 6. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 7. Identify supporting evidence in a text 8. Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim

9-12.T.SS.2 Analyze, evaluate, and craft language to produce intended effects in a wide variety of texts.
9-12.T.SS.2 Analyze, evaluate, and craft language to produce intended effects in a wide variety of texts.

9.T.SS.2.a: Analyze how the use of figurative, connotative, and/or rhetorical language contributes to the development of meaning, tone, or mood in a wide variety of texts.		Figurative language 1. Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source 2. Interpret figures of speech 3. Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone Connotation 4. Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence Tone 5. Which text is most formal? 6. Compare passages for subjective and objective tone 7. Compare passages for tone Rhetorical language 8. Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements Analyze rhetorical strategies 9. Analyze rhetorical strategies in historical texts: set 1 10. Analyze rhetorical strategies in historical texts: set 2
9.T.SS.2.a: Analyze how the use of figurative, connotative, and/or rhetorical language contributes to the development of meaning, tone, or mood in a wide variety of texts.
Figurative language 1. Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source 2. Interpret figures of speech 3. Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone Connotation 4. Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence Tone 5. Which text is most formal? 6. Compare passages for subjective and objective tone 7. Compare passages for tone Rhetorical language 8. Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements Analyze rhetorical strategies 9. Analyze rhetorical strategies in historical texts: set 1 10. Analyze rhetorical strategies in historical texts: set 2
9.T.SS.2.b: Use literary devices, figurative language, rhetorical language, and/or rhetorical appeals to create a variety of effects, as appropriate to intended purpose and target audience.		1. Use appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in persuasive writing 2. Use personification
9.T.SS.2.b: Use literary devices, figurative language, rhetorical language, and/or rhetorical appeals to create a variety of effects, as appropriate to intended purpose and target audience.
1. Use appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in persuasive writing 2. Use personification
9.T.SS.2.c: Use formal or informal style, as appropriate to audience, purpose, and context.		1. Which text is most formal?
9.T.SS.2.c: Use formal or informal style, as appropriate to audience, purpose, and context.
1. Which text is most formal?
Students evaluate and apply various techniques to comprehend and shape meaning.
9-12.T.T.1 Evaluate and apply narrative techniques to enhance text's appeal to audiences or achieve specific purposes.		Analyze short stories 1. Analyze short stories: set 1 2. Analyze short stories: set 2 Analyze literary passages 3. Analyze passages from To Kill a Mockingbird: Part 1 4. Analyze passages from To Kill a Mockingbird: Part 2
9-12.T.T.1 Evaluate and apply narrative techniques to enhance text's appeal to audiences or achieve specific purposes.
Analyze short stories 1. Analyze short stories: set 1 2. Analyze short stories: set 2 Analyze literary passages 3. Analyze passages from To Kill a Mockingbird: Part 1 4. Analyze passages from To Kill a Mockingbird: Part 2
9.T.T.1.a: Describe how narrative techniques (including archetypes, multiple perspectives, story structure, and symbolism) interact, using textual evidence.		Point of view 1. Identify the narrative point of view Figurative language 2. Identify sensory details 3. Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox 4. Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone Supporting details 5. Identify supporting evidence in a text
9.T.T.1.a: Describe how narrative techniques (including archetypes, multiple perspectives, story structure, and symbolism) interact, using textual evidence.
Point of view 1. Identify the narrative point of view Figurative language 2. Identify sensory details 3. Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox 4. Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone Supporting details 5. Identify supporting evidence in a text
9.T.T.1.b: Analyze how plot structures, conflict, narrative devices, word choice, and other craft techniques impact an author's purpose.		1. Compare passages for tone
9.T.T.1.b: Analyze how plot structures, conflict, narrative devices, word choice, and other craft techniques impact an author's purpose.
1. Compare passages for tone
9.T.T.1.c: Analyze how a text's theme has social relevance and is developed across a text, comparing passages within and across texts, providing both reasoning and supportive textual evidence.		1. Determine the themes of short stories 2. Match the quotations with their themes
9.T.T.1.c: Analyze how a text's theme has social relevance and is developed across a text, comparing passages within and across texts, providing both reasoning and supportive textual evidence.
1. Determine the themes of short stories 2. Match the quotations with their themes
9.T.T.1.d: Analyze how literary works draw on themes, event patterns, or character types from different time periods.		1. Determine the themes of short stories 2. Match the quotations with their themes
9.T.T.1.d: Analyze how literary works draw on themes, event patterns, or character types from different time periods.
1. Determine the themes of short stories 2. Match the quotations with their themes
9.T.T.1.e: Effectively apply a variety of narrative techniques to develop complex character(s) who change, use setting to create mood, develop an idea or theme across the text, achieve specific purposes, engage audiences, and enhance writing.		1. Use personification 2. Formatting quotations and dialogue
9.T.T.1.e: Effectively apply a variety of narrative techniques to develop complex character(s) who change, use setting to create mood, develop an idea or theme across the text, achieve specific purposes, engage audiences, and enhance writing.
1. Use personification 2. Formatting quotations and dialogue

9-12.T.T.2 Evaluate and apply expository techniques to enhance text's appeal to audiences or achieve specific purposes.		Analyze nonfiction texts 1. Analyze passages from Night: Part 1 2. Analyze passages from Night: Part 2 Business documents 3. Read workplace emails and memos 4. Read business letters and notices
9-12.T.T.2 Evaluate and apply expository techniques to enhance text's appeal to audiences or achieve specific purposes.
Analyze nonfiction texts 1. Analyze passages from Night: Part 1 2. Analyze passages from Night: Part 2 Business documents 3. Read workplace emails and memos 4. Read business letters and notices
9.T.T.2.a: Analyze and evaluate the use and effect of expository techniques and organizational patterns.		Main idea 1. Determine the main idea of a passage Facts and opinions 2. Distinguish facts from opinions Text structure 3. Compare and contrast in informational texts 4. Match causes and effects in informational texts 5. Match problems with their solutions 6. Identify text structures Text development 7. Analyze the development of informational passages: set 1 8. Analyze the development of informational passages: set 2
9.T.T.2.a: Analyze and evaluate the use and effect of expository techniques and organizational patterns.
Main idea 1. Determine the main idea of a passage Facts and opinions 2. Distinguish facts from opinions Text structure 3. Compare and contrast in informational texts 4. Match causes and effects in informational texts 5. Match problems with their solutions 6. Identify text structures Text development 7. Analyze the development of informational passages: set 1 8. Analyze the development of informational passages: set 2
9.T.T.2.b: Analyze texts with conflicting information or opposing viewpoints and determine where the texts disagree on matters of fact or interpretations.		1. Compare two texts with different genres
9.T.T.2.b: Analyze texts with conflicting information or opposing viewpoints and determine where the texts disagree on matters of fact or interpretations.
1. Compare two texts with different genres
9.T.T.2.c: Apply expository techniques to develop a cohesive text, organized in a way that clarifies the relationship between ideas, includes multiple and varied types of information, and uses the appropriate tone to address a target audience and purpose.		Organization 1. Organize information by topic Thesis statements and topic sentences 2. Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea 3. Identify thesis statements Evidence and claims 4. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 5. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 6. Identify supporting evidence in a text 7. Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim Transitions 8. Transitions with conjunctive adverbs Tone 9. Which text is most formal? 10. Compare passages for subjective and objective tone
9.T.T.2.c: Apply expository techniques to develop a cohesive text, organized in a way that clarifies the relationship between ideas, includes multiple and varied types of information, and uses the appropriate tone to address a target audience and purpose.
Organization 1. Organize information by topic Thesis statements and topic sentences 2. Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea 3. Identify thesis statements Evidence and claims 4. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 5. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 6. Identify supporting evidence in a text 7. Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim Transitions 8. Transitions with conjunctive adverbs Tone 9. Which text is most formal? 10. Compare passages for subjective and objective tone

9-12.T.T.3 Evaluate and apply argumentative techniques to enhance text's appeal to audiences or achieve specific purposes.		1. Trace an argument: set 1 2. Trace an argument: set 2
9-12.T.T.3 Evaluate and apply argumentative techniques to enhance text's appeal to audiences or achieve specific purposes.
1. Trace an argument: set 1 2. Trace an argument: set 2
9.T.T.3.a: Read, discuss, evaluate, and critique a variety of texts, considering the argumentative techniques used to present and design content and their associated implications on meaning or central idea.		Evaluate arguments 1. Evaluate counterclaims 2. Classify logical fallacies Figures of speech 3. Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox
9.T.T.3.a: Read, discuss, evaluate, and critique a variety of texts, considering the argumentative techniques used to present and design content and their associated implications on meaning or central idea.
Evaluate arguments 1. Evaluate counterclaims 2. Classify logical fallacies Figures of speech 3. Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox
9.T.T.3.b: Recognize and analyze the use of rhetorical appeals (ethos, logos, and pathos) in a variety of texts.		1. Analyze rhetorical strategies in historical texts: set 1 2. Analyze rhetorical strategies in historical texts: set 2 3. Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements
9.T.T.3.b: Recognize and analyze the use of rhetorical appeals (ethos, logos, and pathos) in a variety of texts.
1. Analyze rhetorical strategies in historical texts: set 1 2. Analyze rhetorical strategies in historical texts: set 2 3. Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements
9.T.T.3.c: Apply argumentative techniques strategically to enhance writing and engage audiences.		Thesis statements 1. Identify thesis statements Supporting evidence 2. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 3. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 4. Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim Transitions 5. Transition logically between claims, evidence, analysis, and counterclaims
9.T.T.3.c: Apply argumentative techniques strategically to enhance writing and engage audiences.
Thesis statements 1. Identify thesis statements Supporting evidence 2. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 3. Choose the best evidence to support a claim 4. Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim Transitions 5. Transition logically between claims, evidence, analysis, and counterclaims
9.T.T.3.d: Use rhetorical devices and appeals to guide the creation and revision of texts.		1. Use appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in persuasive writing
9.T.T.3.d: Use rhetorical devices and appeals to guide the creation and revision of texts.
1. Use appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in persuasive writing

9-12.T.T.4 Evaluate and apply poetic techniques to enhance text's appeal to audiences or achieve specific purposes.
9-12.T.T.4 Evaluate and apply poetic techniques to enhance text's appeal to audiences or achieve specific purposes.

9.T.T.4.a: Read, discuss, evaluate, and critique a variety of texts, considering poetic techniques used to present and design content and their associated implications on meaning and/or theme.		Elements of poetry 1. Identify elements of poetry 2. Label the rhyme scheme Figures of speech 3. Identify sensory details 4. Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source 5. Recall the source of an allusion 6. Interpret figures of speech 7. Classify figures of speech: review 8. Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone
9.T.T.4.a: Read, discuss, evaluate, and critique a variety of texts, considering poetic techniques used to present and design content and their associated implications on meaning and/or theme.
Elements of poetry 1. Identify elements of poetry 2. Label the rhyme scheme Figures of speech 3. Identify sensory details 4. Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source 5. Recall the source of an allusion 6. Interpret figures of speech 7. Classify figures of speech: review 8. Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone
9.T.T.4.b: Apply knowledge of various poetic techniques and conventions to create poetic text for an intended purpose.		1. Use personification
9.T.T.4.b: Apply knowledge of various poetic techniques and conventions to create poetic text for an intended purpose.
1. Use personification
Students use, discuss, analyze, and curate texts as they engage in various conversations, activities, and projects about a range of grade-level texts and topics.
9-12.T.RA.1 Conduct research to ask and answer questions that clarify, deepen, and extend understanding of a topic of interest using credible sources and communicating relevant and accurate information.
9-12.T.RA.1 Conduct research to ask and answer questions that clarify, deepen, and extend understanding of a topic of interest using credible sources and communicating relevant and accurate information.

9.T.RA.1.a: Generate questions to guide research, make connections between complex topics, explore creative solutions, narrow focus, and/or refine text creation.
9.T.RA.1.a: Generate questions to guide research, make connections between complex topics, explore creative solutions, narrow focus, and/or refine text creation.

9.T.RA.1.b: Use analytical findings to support a research question or thesis, citing the sources of quoted, paraphrased, and summarized ideas in Modern Language Association (MLA) format.		Supporting evidence 1. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 2. Choose the best evidence to support a claim Citations 3. Understand a Works Cited entry (MLA 8th–9th editions) 4. Recognize the parts of a Works Cited entry (MLA 8th–9th editions) 5. Use in-text citations (MLA 8th–9th editions)
9.T.RA.1.b: Use analytical findings to support a research question or thesis, citing the sources of quoted, paraphrased, and summarized ideas in Modern Language Association (MLA) format.
Supporting evidence 1. Identify stronger and weaker evidence to support a claim 2. Choose the best evidence to support a claim Citations 3. Understand a Works Cited entry (MLA 8th–9th editions) 4. Recognize the parts of a Works Cited entry (MLA 8th–9th editions) 5. Use in-text citations (MLA 8th–9th editions)
9.T.RA.1.c: Integrate paraphrased, summarized, and quoted material into original texts in various ways for intended purposes that strengthen the writing, citing appropriately.		1. Use in-text citations (MLA 8th–9th editions) 2. Identify plagiarism 3. Formatting quotations and dialogue
9.T.RA.1.c: Integrate paraphrased, summarized, and quoted material into original texts in various ways for intended purposes that strengthen the writing, citing appropriately.
1. Use in-text citations (MLA 8th–9th editions) 2. Identify plagiarism 3. Formatting quotations and dialogue

9-12.T.RA.2 Reference parts of texts to address a specific topic or question and explore various sources of information to make connections across a broad range of topics.
9-12.T.RA.2 Reference parts of texts to address a specific topic or question and explore various sources of information to make connections across a broad range of topics.

9.T.RA.2.a: Navigate and use a variety of credible print and digital sources, including academic databases, to locate relevant information about a central argument, topic, or question.
9.T.RA.2.a: Navigate and use a variety of credible print and digital sources, including academic databases, to locate relevant information about a central argument, topic, or question.

9.T.RA.2.b: Analyze information from a variety of sources by identifying misconceptions; conflicting information or perspectives; and/or author bias and verifying the validity, relevancy, and accuracy of the information being considered.		Author bias 1. Evaluate newspaper headlines for bias 2. Classify logical fallacies 3. Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements Relevant sources 4. Identify relevant sources Point of view 5. Determine the author's point of view
9.T.RA.2.b: Analyze information from a variety of sources by identifying misconceptions; conflicting information or perspectives; and/or author bias and verifying the validity, relevancy, and accuracy of the information being considered.
Author bias 1. Evaluate newspaper headlines for bias 2. Classify logical fallacies 3. Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements Relevant sources 4. Identify relevant sources Point of view 5. Determine the author's point of view
9.T.RA.2.c: Follow Modern Language Association (MLA) guidelines when responding to inferential questions about texts or when integrating and citing textual evidence, ensuring each source is accompanied by a basic entry on a works cited page.		1. Understand a Works Cited entry (MLA 8th–9th editions) 2. Recognize the parts of a Works Cited entry (MLA 8th–9th editions) 3. Use in-text citations (MLA 8th–9th editions)
9.T.RA.2.c: Follow Modern Language Association (MLA) guidelines when responding to inferential questions about texts or when integrating and citing textual evidence, ensuring each source is accompanied by a basic entry on a works cited page.
1. Understand a Works Cited entry (MLA 8th–9th editions) 2. Recognize the parts of a Works Cited entry (MLA 8th–9th editions) 3. Use in-text citations (MLA 8th–9th editions)
Students demonstrate knowledge of dominant themes, genres, and verbal styles of literature from a particular time period.
9-12.T.PM.1 Demonstrate knowledge of dominant themes, genres, and verbal styles of literature from a particular time period.
9-12.T.PM.1 Demonstrate knowledge of dominant themes, genres, and verbal styles of literature from a particular time period.

9.T.PM.1.a: Examine an archetypal story, myth, event, or figure as it is represented in two or more different time periods.
9.T.PM.1.a: Examine an archetypal story, myth, event, or figure as it is represented in two or more different time periods.

9.T.PM.1.b: Identify and discuss major authors and works of one period of English and American literary history, including key themes and stylistic features.
9.T.PM.1.b: Identify and discuss major authors and works of one period of English and American literary history, including key themes and stylistic features.