Next Generation Learning Standards: Grade 7
Skills available for New York seventh-grade language arts standards
Strand
Print skill plan
7R
Literary and Informational Text
Key Ideas and Details
7R1 Cite textual evidence to support an analysis of what the text says explicitly/implicitly and make logical inferences.
Theme
Inferences
Text structure
Supporting details
Short stories
Text evidence in literary passages
Text evidence in informational passages
Text evidence in nonfiction books
7R1 Cite textual evidence to support an analysis of what the text says explicitly/implicitly and make logical inferences.
Theme
Inferences
Text structure
Supporting details
Short stories
Text evidence in literary passages
Text evidence in informational passages
Text evidence in nonfiction books
7R2 Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text; summarize a text.
Central idea
Theme
Supporting details
Central ideas in informational passages
Central ideas in nonfiction books
7R2 Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text; summarize a text.
Central idea
Theme
Supporting details
Central ideas in informational passages
Central ideas in nonfiction books
7R3 In literary texts, analyze how elements of plot are related, affect one another, and contribute to meaning. In informational texts, analyze how individuals, events, and ideas are introduced, relate to each other, and are developed.
Nonfiction text relationships
Supporting details
Arguments
Analyze nonfiction passages
Analyze literary passages
7R3 In literary texts, analyze how elements of plot are related, affect one another, and contribute to meaning. In informational texts, analyze how individuals, events, and ideas are introduced, relate to each other, and are developed.
Nonfiction text relationships
Supporting details
Arguments
Analyze nonfiction passages
Analyze literary passages
Craft and Structure
7R4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings. Analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning, tone, and mood, including words with multiple meanings.
Vocabulary in context
Academic vocabulary
Multiple-meaning words
Word choice and usage
Tone
Figurative language
Word choice in literary passages
Vocabulary in context in nonfiction books
7R4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings. Analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning, tone, and mood, including words with multiple meanings.
Vocabulary in context
Academic vocabulary
Multiple-meaning words
Word choice and usage
Tone
Figurative language
Word choice in literary passages
Vocabulary in context in nonfiction books
7R5 In literary texts, analyze how structure, including genre-specific features, contributes to the development of themes and central ideas. In informational texts, analyze the structure an author uses to organize a text, including how the sections contribute to the whole and to the development of themes and central ideas.
Nonfiction text structure
Development of ideas in nonfiction passages
Development of ideas
Theme
Development of ideas in literary passages
7R5 In literary texts, analyze how structure, including genre-specific features, contributes to the development of themes and central ideas. In informational texts, analyze the structure an author uses to organize a text, including how the sections contribute to the whole and to the development of themes and central ideas.
Nonfiction text structure
Development of ideas in nonfiction passages
Development of ideas
Theme
Development of ideas in literary passages
7R6 In literary texts, analyze how an author develops and contrasts the point of view and the perspectives of different characters or narrators. In informational texts, analyze how the author distinguishes his or her position from that of others.
Point of view
Author's purpose
Narrative point of view
Arguments
7R6 In literary texts, analyze how an author develops and contrasts the point of view and the perspectives of different characters or narrators. In informational texts, analyze how the author distinguishes his or her position from that of others.
Point of view
Author's purpose
Narrative point of view
Arguments
Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
7R7 Compare and contrast a written text with audio, filmed, staged, or digital versions in order to analyze the effects of techniques unique to each media and each format's portrayal of a subject.
7R7 Compare and contrast a written text with audio, filmed, staged, or digital versions in order to analyze the effects of techniques unique to each media and each format's portrayal of a subject.
7R8 Trace and evaluate the development of an argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is valid and the evidence is relevant and sufficient and recognizing when irrelevant evidence is introduced.
7R8 Trace and evaluate the development of an argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is valid and the evidence is relevant and sufficient and recognizing when irrelevant evidence is introduced.
7R9 Use established criteria in order to evaluate the quality of texts. Make connections to other texts, ideas, cultural perspectives, eras, and personal experiences.
7R9 Use established criteria in order to evaluate the quality of texts. Make connections to other texts, ideas, cultural perspectives, eras, and personal experiences.
7W
Writing
Text Types and Purposes
7W1 Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.
7W1 Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.
7W1a: Introduce a precise claim, acknowledge and distinguish the claim from a counterclaim, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.
7W1a: Introduce a precise claim, acknowledge and distinguish the claim from a counterclaim, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.
7W1b: Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant evidence, using credible sources while demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text.
Supporting evidence
Logical fallacies
7W1b: Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant evidence, using credible sources while demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text.
Supporting evidence
Logical fallacies
7W1c: Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to argue a claim.
Content-specific vocabulary
Word choice and usage
7W1c: Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to argue a claim.
Content-specific vocabulary
Word choice and usage
7W1d: Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
Conjunctive adverbs
Relative clauses
Correlative conjunctions
7W1d: Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
Conjunctive adverbs
Relative clauses
Correlative conjunctions
7W1e: Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the argument presented.
7W1e: Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the argument presented.
7W1f: Maintain a style and tone appropriate to the writing task.
Tone and purpose
Word choice and usage
7W1f: Maintain a style and tone appropriate to the writing task.
Tone and purpose
Word choice and usage
7W2 Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content.
7W2 Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content.
7W2a: Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect.
Text structure
Organization
7W2a: Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect.
Text structure
Organization
7W2b: Develop a topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples; include formatting, graphics, and multimedia when useful to aid comprehension.
Development and support
Plagiarism
Formatting
7W2b: Develop a topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples; include formatting, graphics, and multimedia when useful to aid comprehension.
Development and support
Plagiarism
Formatting
7W2c: Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to explain a topic.
Word choice and usage
Domain-specific vocabulary
7W2c: Use precise language and content-specific vocabulary to explain a topic.
Word choice and usage
Domain-specific vocabulary
7W2d: Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
7W2d: Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
7W2e: Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the information presented.
7W2e: Provide a concluding statement or section that explains the significance of the information presented.
7W2f: Establish and maintain a style appropriate to the writing task.
Tone and purpose
Word choice and usage
7W2f: Establish and maintain a style appropriate to the writing task.
Tone and purpose
Word choice and usage
7W3 Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective techniques, descriptive details and clear sequencing.
7W3 Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective techniques, descriptive details and clear sequencing.
7W3a: Engage the reader by establishing a point of view and introducing a narrator and/or characters.
7W3a: Engage the reader by establishing a point of view and introducing a narrator and/or characters.
7W3b: Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue and description, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters.
Point of view
Dialogue
Creative techniques
7W3b: Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue and description, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters.
Point of view
Dialogue
Creative techniques
7W3c: Use a variety of transitional words, phrases, and clauses to convey sequence and signal shifts from one time frame or setting to another.
7W3c: Use a variety of transitional words, phrases, and clauses to convey sequence and signal shifts from one time frame or setting to another.
7W3d: Use precise words and phrases, relevant descriptive details, and sensory language to capture the action and convey experiences and events.
Descriptive details
Word choice and usage
7W3d: Use precise words and phrases, relevant descriptive details, and sensory language to capture the action and convey experiences and events.
Descriptive details
Word choice and usage
7W3e: Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative.
7W3e: Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative.
7W4 Create a poem, story, play, art work, or other response to a text, author, theme, or personal experience.
7W4 Create a poem, story, play, art work, or other response to a text, author, theme, or personal experience.
7W5 Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research. Apply grade 7 Reading standards to both literary and informational text, where applicable.
Informational texts
Literary texts
Compare texts
7W5 Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research. Apply grade 7 Reading standards to both literary and informational text, where applicable.
Informational texts
Literary texts
Compare texts
Research to Build and Present Knowledge
7W6 Conduct research to answer questions, including self-generated questions, drawing on multiple sources and refocusing the inquiry when appropriate. Generate additional related questions for further research and investigation.
7W6 Conduct research to answer questions, including self-generated questions, drawing on multiple sources and refocusing the inquiry when appropriate. Generate additional related questions for further research and investigation.
7W7 Gather relevant information from multiple sources; assess the credibility and accuracy of each source; quote or paraphrase the data and conclusions of others; avoid plagiarism and follow a standard format for citation.
Analyze sources
Text evidence
Plagiarism
Citations
7W7 Gather relevant information from multiple sources; assess the credibility and accuracy of each source; quote or paraphrase the data and conclusions of others; avoid plagiarism and follow a standard format for citation.
Analyze sources
Text evidence
Plagiarism
Citations
7L
Language
Conventions of Academic English/Language for Learning
7L1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
7L1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
7L1a: Ensure that pronouns are in the proper case (subjective, objective, and possessive).
Pronouns and antecedents
Subject and object pronouns
Personal and reflexive pronouns
Relative pronouns
7L1a: Ensure that pronouns are in the proper case (subjective, objective, and possessive).
Pronouns and antecedents
Subject and object pronouns
Personal and reflexive pronouns
Relative pronouns
7L1b: Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in pronoun number and person.
7L1b: Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in pronoun number and person.
7L1c: Recognize and correct pronouns that have unclear or ambiguous antecedents.
7L1c: Recognize and correct pronouns that have unclear or ambiguous antecedents.
7L1d: Explain the function of phrases and clauses in general, as well as in specific sentences.
Phrases
Clauses
7L1d: Explain the function of phrases and clauses in general, as well as in specific sentences.
Phrases
Clauses
7L1e: Place phrases and clauses within a sentence, recognizing and correcting misplaced and dangling modifiers.
7L1e: Place phrases and clauses within a sentence, recognizing and correcting misplaced and dangling modifiers.
7L1f: Use simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences to signal differing relationships among ideas.
7L1f: Use simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences to signal differing relationships among ideas.
7L1g: Explain the function of verbals (gerunds, participles, infinitives).
7L1g: Explain the function of verbals (gerunds, participles, infinitives).
7L1h: Form and use verbs in the active and passive voice.
7L1h: Form and use verbs in the active and passive voice.
7L1i: Recognize and correct inappropriate verb shifts.
7L1i: Recognize and correct inappropriate verb shifts.
7L2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
7L2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
7L2a: Use punctuation (commas, parentheses, dashes, hyphens) to clarify and enhance writing.
Punctuation
Commas
Dashes
Hyphens
7L2a: Use punctuation (commas, parentheses, dashes, hyphens) to clarify and enhance writing.
Punctuation
Commas
Dashes
Hyphens
7L2b: Use punctuation (comma, ellipsis, dash) to indicate a pause or break.
Punctuation
Commas
Dashes
Ellipses
7L2b: Use punctuation (comma, ellipsis, dash) to indicate a pause or break.
Punctuation
Commas
Dashes
Ellipses
7L2c: Use an ellipsis to indicate an omission.
7L2c: Use an ellipsis to indicate an omission.
Knowledge of Language
7L3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.
7L3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.
7L3a: Choose language that expresses ideas precisely and concisely, recognizing and eliminating wordiness and redundancy.
7L3a: Choose language that expresses ideas precisely and concisely, recognizing and eliminating wordiness and redundancy.
Vocabulary Acquisition and Use
7L4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
7L4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
7L4a: Use context (e.g., the overall meaning of a sentence or paragraph; a word's position or function in a sentence) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
Synonyms and antonyms
Multiple-meaning words
Vocabulary in context
Domain-specific vocabulary
Figurative language
7L4a: Use context (e.g., the overall meaning of a sentence or paragraph; a word's position or function in a sentence) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
Synonyms and antonyms
Multiple-meaning words
Vocabulary in context
Domain-specific vocabulary
Figurative language
7L4b: Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., belligerent, bellicose, rebel).
Greek and Latin roots
Prefixes
Suffixes
Spelling
7L4b: Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., belligerent, bellicose, rebel).
Greek and Latin roots
Prefixes
Suffixes
Spelling
7L4c: Consult general and specialized reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech.
Reference skills
Dictionary skills
Thesaurus skills
7L4c: Consult general and specialized reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech.
Reference skills
Dictionary skills
Thesaurus skills
7L4d: Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checking the inferred meaning in context or in a dictionary).
7L4d: Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checking the inferred meaning in context or in a dictionary).
7L5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
7L5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
7L5a: Interpret figurative language, including allusions, in context.
7L5a: Interpret figurative language, including allusions, in context.
7L5b: Use the relationship between particular words (e.g., synonym/antonym, analogy) to better understand each of the words.
Synonyms
Antonyms
Shades of meaning
Analogies
Related words
7L5b: Use the relationship between particular words (e.g., synonym/antonym, analogy) to better understand each of the words.
Synonyms
Antonyms
Shades of meaning
Analogies
Related words
7L5c: Distinguish among the connotations of words with similar denotations (e.g., refined, respectful, polite, diplomatic, condescending).
Connotation and denotation
Word choice and usage
7L5c: Distinguish among the connotations of words with similar denotations (e.g., refined, respectful, polite, diplomatic, condescending).
Connotation and denotation
Word choice and usage
7L6 Acquire and accurately use general academic and content-specific words and phrases; apply vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.
Prefixes
Suffixes
Greek and Latin roots
Vocabulary in context
Domain-specific vocabulary
Word choice and usage
7L6 Acquire and accurately use general academic and content-specific words and phrases; apply vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.
Prefixes
Suffixes
Greek and Latin roots
Vocabulary in context
Domain-specific vocabulary
Word choice and usage