Next Generation Learning Standards: Kindergarten
Skills available for New York kindergarten language arts standards
Strand
Print skill plan
KR
Literary and Informational Text
Key Ideas and Details
KR1 Develop and answer questions about a text.
Main topic
Inference and analysis
Setting and character
Decodable texts
Read-along literary texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-along informational texts
Read-alone informational texts
KR1 Develop and answer questions about a text.
Main topic
Inference and analysis
Setting and character
Decodable texts
Read-along literary texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-along informational texts
Read-alone informational texts
KR2 Retell stories or share key details from a text.
Sequence
Decodable texts
Read-along literary texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-along informational texts
Read-alone informational texts
KR2 Retell stories or share key details from a text.
Sequence
Decodable texts
Read-along literary texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-along informational texts
Read-alone informational texts
KR3 Identify characters, settings, major events in a story, or pieces of information in a text.
KR3 Identify characters, settings, major events in a story, or pieces of information in a text.
Craft and Structure
KR4 Identify specific words that express feelings and senses.
KR4 Identify specific words that express feelings and senses.
KR5 Identify literary and informational texts.
KR5 Identify literary and informational texts.
KR6 Name the author and illustrator and define the role of each in presenting the ideas in a text.
KR6 Name the author and illustrator and define the role of each in presenting the ideas in a text.
Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
KR7 Describe the relationship between illustrations and the text.
Comprehension strategies
Sequence
Setting and character
Read-along literary texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-along informational texts
Read-alone informational texts
KR7 Describe the relationship between illustrations and the text.
Comprehension strategies
Sequence
Setting and character
Read-along literary texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-along informational texts
Read-alone informational texts
KR8 Identify specific information to support ideas in a text.
KR8 Identify specific information to support ideas in a text.
KR9 Make connections between self, text, and the world.
KR9 Make connections between self, text, and the world.
KRF
Foundational Skills
Print Concepts
KRF1 Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print.
KRF1 Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print.
KRF1a: Follow words from left to right, top to bottom, and page by page.
KRF1a: Follow words from left to right, top to bottom, and page by page.
KRF1b: Recognize that spoken words are represented in written language by specific sequences of letters.
KRF1b: Recognize that spoken words are represented in written language by specific sequences of letters.
KRF1c: Understand that words are separated by spaces in print.
KRF1c: Understand that words are separated by spaces in print.
KRF1d: Recognize and name all upper- and lowercase letters of the alphabet.
Learn letter names: A–H
Learn letter names: I–P
Learn letter names: Q–Z
Learn uppercase and lowercase letters
Identify uppercase letters
Identify lowercase letters
Frequently confused letters
KRF1d: Recognize and name all upper- and lowercase letters of the alphabet.
Learn letter names: A–H
Learn letter names: I–P
Learn letter names: Q–Z
Learn uppercase and lowercase letters
Identify uppercase letters
Identify lowercase letters
Frequently confused letters
KRF1e: Identify the front cover, back cover, and title page of a book.
KRF1e: Identify the front cover, back cover, and title page of a book.
Phonological Awareness
KRF2 Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds (phonemes).
KRF2 Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds (phonemes).
KRF2a: Recognize and produce spoken rhyming words.
KRF2a: Recognize and produce spoken rhyming words.
KRF2b: Blend and segment syllables in spoken words.
Blend syllables
Segment syllables
KRF2b: Blend and segment syllables in spoken words.
Blend syllables
Segment syllables
KRF2c: Blend and segment onsets and rimes of spoken words.
KRF2c: Blend and segment onsets and rimes of spoken words.
KRF2d: Blend and segment individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken one-syllable words.
KRF2d: Blend and segment individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken one-syllable words.
KRF2e: Create new words by manipulating the phonemes orally in one-syllable words.
KRF2e: Create new words by manipulating the phonemes orally in one-syllable words.
Phonics and Word Recognition
KRF3 Know and apply phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
KRF3 Know and apply phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
KRF3a: Demonstrate one-to-one letter-sound correspondence by producing the primary sound or most frequent sound for each consonant.
Identify letter sounds
KRF3a: Demonstrate one-to-one letter-sound correspondence by producing the primary sound or most frequent sound for each consonant.
Identify letter sounds
KRF3b: Decode short vowel sounds with common spellings.
Short a
Short e
Short i
Short o
Short u
KRF3b: Decode short vowel sounds with common spellings.
Short a
Short e
Short i
Short o
Short u
KRF3c: Decode some regularly spelled one-syllable words.
Consonant blends
Short a words
Short e words
Short i words
Short o words
Short u words
KRF3c: Decode some regularly spelled one-syllable words.
Consonant blends
Short a words
Short e words
Short i words
Short o words
Short u words
KRF3d: Read common high-frequency words by sight.
KRF3d: Read common high-frequency words by sight.
Fluency
KRF4 Read emergent-reader texts with sufficient accuracy to support comprehension.
Rhymes
Short vowel sentences
Decodable texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-alone informational texts
Sight words
KRF4 Read emergent-reader texts with sufficient accuracy to support comprehension.
Rhymes
Short vowel sentences
Decodable texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-alone informational texts
Sight words
KL
Language
Conventions of Academic English/Language for Learning
KL1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
KL1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
KL1a: Print upper- and lowercase letters in their name → Print many upper- and lowercase letters → Print all upper- and lowercase letters.
KL1a: Print upper- and lowercase letters in their name → Print many upper- and lowercase letters → Print all upper- and lowercase letters.
KL1b: Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs (orally) → Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs.
Nouns
Verbs
KL1b: Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs (orally) → Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs.
Nouns
Verbs
KL1c: Use common, proper, and possessive nouns.
KL1c: Use common, proper, and possessive nouns.
KL1d: Use collective nouns (e.g., group).
KL1d: Use collective nouns (e.g., group).
KL1e: Form and use regular plural nouns (e.g., dog, dogs; wish, wishes).
KL1e: Form and use regular plural nouns (e.g., dog, dogs; wish, wishes).
KL1f: Form and use frequently occurring irregular plural nouns (e.g., feet, children, mice, fish).
KL1f: Form and use frequently occurring irregular plural nouns (e.g., feet, children, mice, fish).
KL1g: Use singular and plural nouns with matching verbs in basic sentences (e.g., The boy jumps; The boys jump).
KL1g: Use singular and plural nouns with matching verbs in basic sentences (e.g., The boy jumps; The boys jump).
KL1h: Understand and use interrogatives (question words—e.g., who, what, where, when, why, how).
KL1h: Understand and use interrogatives (question words—e.g., who, what, where, when, why, how).
KL1i: Use frequently occurring prepositions (e.g., to, from, in, out, on, off, for, of, by, with).
KL1i: Use frequently occurring prepositions (e.g., to, from, in, out, on, off, for, of, by, with).
KL1j: Produce and expand complete sentences in shared language activities.
KL1j: Produce and expand complete sentences in shared language activities.
KL1k: Use personal, possessive, and indefinite pronouns (e.g., I, me, my; they, them, their, anyone, everything). → Use reflexive pronouns (e.g., myself, ourselves).
Personal pronouns
Possessive pronouns
KL1k: Use personal, possessive, and indefinite pronouns (e.g., I, me, my; they, them, their, anyone, everything). → Use reflexive pronouns (e.g., myself, ourselves).
Personal pronouns
Possessive pronouns
KL1l: Use verbs →Use verbs to convey a sense of past, present, and future (e.g., Yesterday I walked home; Today I walk home; Tomorrow I will walk home). → Form and use the past tense of frequently occurring irregular verbs (e.g., sat, hid, told).
Verb tense
Past tense
Present tense
Future tense
KL1l: Use verbs →Use verbs to convey a sense of past, present, and future (e.g., Yesterday I walked home; Today I walk home; Tomorrow I will walk home). → Form and use the past tense of frequently occurring irregular verbs (e.g., sat, hid, told).
Verb tense
Past tense
Present tense
Future tense
KL1m: Use frequently occurring adjectives. → Use adjectives or adverbs appropriately.
KL1m: Use frequently occurring adjectives. → Use adjectives or adverbs appropriately.
KL1n: Use frequently occurring conjunctions (e.g., and, but, or, so, because). → Use frequently occurring transition words (e.g., first, then, therefore, finally).
KL1n: Use frequently occurring conjunctions (e.g., and, but, or, so, because). → Use frequently occurring transition words (e.g., first, then, therefore, finally).
KL1o: Produce and expand complete sentences → Understand and use simple and compound sentences in speech or writing (e.g., The child read the book; The child read the book, but she did not watch the movie).
KL1o: Produce and expand complete sentences → Understand and use simple and compound sentences in speech or writing (e.g., The child read the book; The child read the book, but she did not watch the movie).
KL2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
KL2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of academic English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
KL2a: Attempt to write symbols or letters to represent words.
KL2a: Attempt to write symbols or letters to represent words.
KL2b: Spell simple words phonetically, drawing on knowledge of sound-letter relationships. → Spell unknown words phonetically, drawing on phonemic awareness and spelling conventions. →Use conventional spelling for words with common spelling patterns and for frequently occurring irregular words.→ Generalize learned spelling patterns when writing words (e.g., cage → rage; boy → toy).
Silent e
Blend and segment
Consonant blends and digraphs
Short vowels
KL2b: Spell simple words phonetically, drawing on knowledge of sound-letter relationships. → Spell unknown words phonetically, drawing on phonemic awareness and spelling conventions. →Use conventional spelling for words with common spelling patterns and for frequently occurring irregular words.→ Generalize learned spelling patterns when writing words (e.g., cage → rage; boy → toy).
Silent e
Blend and segment
Consonant blends and digraphs
Short vowels
KL2c: Write a letter or letters for most consonant and short-vowel sounds (phonemes).
Consonants
Consonant blends and digraphs
Digraphs
Short vowels
KL2c: Write a letter or letters for most consonant and short-vowel sounds (phonemes).
Consonants
Consonant blends and digraphs
Digraphs
Short vowels
KL2d: Consult reference materials as needed to check and correct spellings.
KL2d: Consult reference materials as needed to check and correct spellings.
KL2e: Recognize and name end punctuation. →Use end punctuation for sentences.
KL2e: Recognize and name end punctuation. →Use end punctuation for sentences.
KL2f: Capitalize the first letter of their name. → Capitalize the first word in a sentence and the pronoun I. → Capitalize dates and names of people. → Capitalize names, places, and holidays.
KL2f: Capitalize the first letter of their name. → Capitalize the first word in a sentence and the pronoun I. → Capitalize dates and names of people. → Capitalize names, places, and holidays.
KL2g: Use commas in dates and to separate single words in a series. → Use commas in greetings and closings of letters.
KL2g: Use commas in dates and to separate single words in a series. → Use commas in greetings and closings of letters.
KL2h: Use an apostrophe to form contractions and frequently occurring possessives.
KL2h: Use an apostrophe to form contractions and frequently occurring possessives.
Vocabulary Acquisition and Use
KL4 Explore and use new vocabulary and multiple-meaning words and phrases in authentic experiences, including, but not limited to the following.
KL4 Explore and use new vocabulary and multiple-meaning words and phrases in authentic experiences, including, but not limited to the following.
KL4a: Identify new meanings for familiar words and apply them accurately (e.g., knowing duck is a bird and learning the verb to duck).
KL4a: Identify new meanings for familiar words and apply them accurately (e.g., knowing duck is a bird and learning the verb to duck).
KL4b: Use the most frequently occurring inflections and affixes (e.g., -ed, -s, re-, un-, pre-, -ful, -less) as a clue to the meaning of a word.
KL4b: Use the most frequently occurring inflections and affixes (e.g., -ed, -s, re-, un-, pre-, -ful, -less) as a clue to the meaning of a word.
KL5 Explore and discuss word relationships and word meanings.
KL5 Explore and discuss word relationships and word meanings.
KL5a: Sort common objects into categories (e.g., shapes, foods) for understanding of the concepts the categories represent.
KL5a: Sort common objects into categories (e.g., shapes, foods) for understanding of the concepts the categories represent.
KL5b: Demonstrate understanding of frequently occurring verbs and adjectives by relating them to their opposites (antonyms).
KL5b: Demonstrate understanding of frequently occurring verbs and adjectives by relating them to their opposites (antonyms).
KL5c: Use words to identify and describe the world, making connections between words and their use (e.g., places at home that are colorful).
Categories
Multiple-meaning words
Verbs
Adjectives
Prepositions
KL5c: Use words to identify and describe the world, making connections between words and their use (e.g., places at home that are colorful).
Categories
Multiple-meaning words
Verbs
Adjectives
Prepositions
KL5d: Explore variations among verbs that describe the same general action (e.g., walk, march, gallop) by acting out the meanings.
KL5d: Explore variations among verbs that describe the same general action (e.g., walk, march, gallop) by acting out the meanings.
KL6 Use words and phrases acquired through conversations, reading and being read to, and responding to.
Adjectives
Prepositions
KL6 Use words and phrases acquired through conversations, reading and being read to, and responding to.
Adjectives
Prepositions