Ohio Learning Standards: Kindergarten
Skills available for Ohio kindergarten language arts standards
Strand
Print skill plan
RL.K
Reading: Literature
Key Ideas and Details
RL.K.1 With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text.
Main idea
Inference and analysis
Setting and characters
Read-along texts
Decodable texts
Read-alone texts
RL.K.1 With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text.
Main idea
Inference and analysis
Setting and characters
Read-along texts
Decodable texts
Read-alone texts
RL.K.2 With prompting and support, retell familiar stories, including key details.
RL.K.2 With prompting and support, retell familiar stories, including key details.
RL.K.3 With prompting and support, identify characters, settings, and major events in a story.
RL.K.3 With prompting and support, identify characters, settings, and major events in a story.
Craft and Structure
RL.K.4 Ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text.
RL.K.4 Ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text.
RL.K.5 Recognize common types of texts (e.g., storybooks, poems).
RL.K.5 Recognize common types of texts (e.g., storybooks, poems).
RL.K.6 With prompting and support, name the author and illustrator of a story and define the role of each in telling the story.
RL.K.6 With prompting and support, name the author and illustrator of a story and define the role of each in telling the story.
Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
RL.K.7 With prompting and support, describe the relationship between illustrations and the story in which they appear (e.g., what moment in a story an illustration depicts).
Inference and analysis
Sequence
Setting and characters
Read-along texts
RL.K.7 With prompting and support, describe the relationship between illustrations and the story in which they appear (e.g., what moment in a story an illustration depicts).
Inference and analysis
Sequence
Setting and characters
Read-along texts
RL.K.9 With prompting and support, compare and contrast the adventures and experiences of characters in familiar stories.
RL.K.9 With prompting and support, compare and contrast the adventures and experiences of characters in familiar stories.
Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity
RL.K.10 Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding. Activate prior knowledge and draw on previous experiences in order to make text-to-self or text-to-text connections and comparisons.
RL.K.10 Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding. Activate prior knowledge and draw on previous experiences in order to make text-to-self or text-to-text connections and comparisons.
RI.K
Reading: Informational Text
Key Ideas and Details
RI.K.1 With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text.
Inference and analysis
Main idea
Read-along texts
Read-alone texts
RI.K.1 With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text.
Inference and analysis
Main idea
Read-along texts
Read-alone texts
RI.K.2 With prompting and support, identify the main topic and retell key details of a text.
RI.K.2 With prompting and support, identify the main topic and retell key details of a text.
RI.K.3 With prompting and support, describe the connection between two individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information in a text.
RI.K.3 With prompting and support, describe the connection between two individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information in a text.
Craft and Structure
RI.K.4 With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text.
RI.K.4 With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text.
RI.K.5 Identify the front cover, back cover, and title page of a book.
RI.K.5 Identify the front cover, back cover, and title page of a book.
RI.K.6 Name the author and illustrator of a text and define the role of each in presenting the ideas or information in a text.
RI.K.6 Name the author and illustrator of a text and define the role of each in presenting the ideas or information in a text.
Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
RI.K.7 With prompting and support, describe the relationship between illustrations and the text in which they appear (e.g., what person, place, thing, or idea in the text an illustration depicts).
Read-along texts
Read-alone texts
RI.K.7 With prompting and support, describe the relationship between illustrations and the text in which they appear (e.g., what person, place, thing, or idea in the text an illustration depicts).
Read-along texts
Read-alone texts
RI.K.8 With prompting and support, identify the reasons an author gives to support points in a text.
RI.K.8 With prompting and support, identify the reasons an author gives to support points in a text.
RI.K.9 With prompting and support, identify basic similarities in and differences between two texts on the same topic (e.g., in illustrations, descriptions, or procedures).
RI.K.9 With prompting and support, identify basic similarities in and differences between two texts on the same topic (e.g., in illustrations, descriptions, or procedures).
Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity
RI.K.10 Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding.
RI.K.10 Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding.
RF.K
Reading: Foundational Skills
Print Concepts
RF.K.1 Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print.
RF.K.1 Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print.
RF.K.1a: Follow words from left to right, top to bottom, and page by page.
RF.K.1a: Follow words from left to right, top to bottom, and page by page.
RF.K.1b: Recognize that spoken words are represented in written language by specific sequences of letters.
RF.K.1b: Recognize that spoken words are represented in written language by specific sequences of letters.
RF.K.1c: Understand that words are separated by spaces in print.
RF.K.1c: Understand that words are separated by spaces in print.
RF.K.1d: Recognize and name all upper- and lowercase letters of the alphabet.
Learn letter names: A–H
Learn letter names: I–P
Learn letter names: Q–Z
Learn uppercase and lowercase letters
Identify uppercase letters
Identify lowercase letters
Frequently confused letters
RF.K.1d: Recognize and name all upper- and lowercase letters of the alphabet.
Learn letter names: A–H
Learn letter names: I–P
Learn letter names: Q–Z
Learn uppercase and lowercase letters
Identify uppercase letters
Identify lowercase letters
Frequently confused letters
Phonological Awareness
RF.K.2 Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and phonemes (sounds).
RF.K.2 Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and phonemes (sounds).
RF.K.2a: Recognize and produce rhyming words.
RF.K.2a: Recognize and produce rhyming words.
RF.K.2b: Count, pronounce, blend, and segment syllables in spoken words.
Blend syllables
Segment syllables
RF.K.2b: Count, pronounce, blend, and segment syllables in spoken words.
Blend syllables
Segment syllables
RF.K.2c: Blend and segment onsets and rimes of single-syllable spoken words.
RF.K.2c: Blend and segment onsets and rimes of single-syllable spoken words.
RF.K.2d: Isolate and pronounce the initial, medial vowel, and final phonemes (sounds) in three-phoneme (consonant-vowel-consonant, or CVC) words. (This does not include CVCs ending with /l/, /r/, or /x/.) e. Add or substitute individual phonemes (sounds) in simple, one-syllable words to make new words.
Initial sounds
Medial vowel sounds
Final sounds
Blend and segment
RF.K.2d: Isolate and pronounce the initial, medial vowel, and final phonemes (sounds) in three-phoneme (consonant-vowel-consonant, or CVC) words. (This does not include CVCs ending with /l/, /r/, or /x/.) e. Add or substitute individual phonemes (sounds) in simple, one-syllable words to make new words.
Initial sounds
Medial vowel sounds
Final sounds
Blend and segment
RF.K.2e: Add or substitute individual phonemes (sounds) in simple, one-syllable words to make new words.
RF.K.2e: Add or substitute individual phonemes (sounds) in simple, one-syllable words to make new words.
Phonics and Word Recognition
RF.K.3 Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
RF.K.3 Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
RF.K.3a: Demonstrate basic knowledge of one-to-one grapheme (letter)-sound correspondences by producing the primary sound or many of the most frequent sounds for each consonant.
Identify letter sounds
RF.K.3a: Demonstrate basic knowledge of one-to-one grapheme (letter)-sound correspondences by producing the primary sound or many of the most frequent sounds for each consonant.
Identify letter sounds
RF.K.3b: Associate the long and short sounds with common spellings (graphemes) for the five major vowels.
Short a
Short e
Short i
Short o
Short u
Short vowels: review
Long vowels
Short and long vowels
RF.K.3b: Associate the long and short sounds with common spellings (graphemes) for the five major vowels.
Short a
Short e
Short i
Short o
Short u
Short vowels: review
Long vowels
Short and long vowels
RF.K.3c: Read common high-frequency words by sight (e.g., the, of, to, you, she, my, is, are, do, does).
RF.K.3c: Read common high-frequency words by sight (e.g., the, of, to, you, she, my, is, are, do, does).
RF.K.3d: Distinguish between similarly spelled words by identifying the sounds of the letters that differ.
Consonant blends
Short vowels
RF.K.3d: Distinguish between similarly spelled words by identifying the sounds of the letters that differ.
Consonant blends
Short vowels
Fluency
RF.K.4 Read emergent-reader texts with purpose and understanding.
Rhymes
Short vowel sentences
Decodable texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-alone informational texts
RF.K.4 Read emergent-reader texts with purpose and understanding.
Rhymes
Short vowel sentences
Decodable texts
Read-alone literary texts
Read-alone informational texts
L.K
Language
Conventions of Standard English
L.K.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
L.K.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
L.K.1a: Print many upper- and lowercase letters.
L.K.1a: Print many upper- and lowercase letters.
L.K.1b: Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs.
Nouns
Verbs
L.K.1b: Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs.
Nouns
Verbs
L.K.1c: Form regular plural nouns orally by adding /s/ or /es/ (e.g., dog, dogs; wish, wishes).
L.K.1c: Form regular plural nouns orally by adding /s/ or /es/ (e.g., dog, dogs; wish, wishes).
L.K.1d: Understand and use interrogatives (question words) (e.g., who, what, where, when, why, how).
L.K.1d: Understand and use interrogatives (question words) (e.g., who, what, where, when, why, how).
L.K.1e: Use the most frequently occurring prepositions (e.g., to, from, in, out, on, off, for, of, by, with).
L.K.1e: Use the most frequently occurring prepositions (e.g., to, from, in, out, on, off, for, of, by, with).
L.K.1f: Produce and expand complete sentences in shared language activities.
L.K.1f: Produce and expand complete sentences in shared language activities.
L.K.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
L.K.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
L.K.2a: Capitalize the first word in a sentence and the pronoun I.
L.K.2a: Capitalize the first word in a sentence and the pronoun I.
L.K.2b: Recognize and name end punctuation.
L.K.2b: Recognize and name end punctuation.
L.K.2c: Write a letter or letters for most consonant and short-vowel phonemes (sounds).
Consonants
Consonant blends and digraphs
Digraphs
Short vowels
L.K.2c: Write a letter or letters for most consonant and short-vowel phonemes (sounds).
Consonants
Consonant blends and digraphs
Digraphs
Short vowels
L.K.2d: Spell simple words phonetically, drawing on knowledge of sound-letter relationships.
Consonant blends
Short vowel words
L.K.2d: Spell simple words phonetically, drawing on knowledge of sound-letter relationships.
Consonant blends
Short vowel words
Vocabulary Acquisition and Use
L.K.4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on kindergarten reading and content.
L.K.4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on kindergarten reading and content.
L.K.4a: Identify new meanings for familiar words and apply them accurately (e.g., knowing duck is a bird and learning the verb to duck).
L.K.4a: Identify new meanings for familiar words and apply them accurately (e.g., knowing duck is a bird and learning the verb to duck).
L.K.4b: Use the most frequently occurring inflections and affixes (e.g., -ed, -s, re-, un-, pre-, -ful, -less) as a clue to the meaning of an unknown word.
L.K.4b: Use the most frequently occurring inflections and affixes (e.g., -ed, -s, re-, un-, pre-, -ful, -less) as a clue to the meaning of an unknown word.
L.K.5 With guidance and support from adults, explore word relationships and nuances in word meanings.
L.K.5 With guidance and support from adults, explore word relationships and nuances in word meanings.
L.K.5a: Sort common objects into categories (e.g., shapes, foods) to gain a sense of the concepts the categories represent.
L.K.5a: Sort common objects into categories (e.g., shapes, foods) to gain a sense of the concepts the categories represent.
L.K.5b: Demonstrate understanding of frequently occurring verbs and adjectives by relating them to their antonyms (opposites).
L.K.5b: Demonstrate understanding of frequently occurring verbs and adjectives by relating them to their antonyms (opposites).
L.K.5c: Identify real-life connections between words and their use (e.g., note places at school that are colorful).
Categories
Multiple-meaning words
Verbs
Adjectives
Prepositions
L.K.5c: Identify real-life connections between words and their use (e.g., note places at school that are colorful).
Categories
Multiple-meaning words
Verbs
Adjectives
Prepositions
L.K.5d: Distinguish shades of meaning among verbs describing the same general action (e.g., walk, march, strut, prance) by acting out the meanings.
L.K.5d: Distinguish shades of meaning among verbs describing the same general action (e.g., walk, march, strut, prance) by acting out the meanings.
L.K.6 Use words and phrases acquired through conversations, reading and being read to, and responding to texts.
Adjectives
Prepositions
L.K.6 Use words and phrases acquired through conversations, reading and being read to, and responding to texts.
Adjectives
Prepositions