IXL skill plan | Accelerated 6th grade plan for Carnegie Learning Math (2022)

Skill plan for Carnegie Learning Math (2022) - Accelerated 6th grade

IXL provides skill alignments with recommended IXL skills for each module. Find the IXL skills that are right for you below!

Module

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1	Module 1 Composing and Decomposing
Topic 1 - Factors and Multiples
Lesson 1.1: Taking Apart Numbers and Shapes		1. Multiply using area models 2. Multiply numbers using the distributive property Also consider: • Area of rectangles and squares • Distributive property: find the missing number
Lesson 1.1: Taking Apart Numbers and Shapes
1. Multiply using area models 2. Multiply numbers using the distributive property Also consider: • Area of rectangles and squares • Distributive property: find the missing number

Lesson 1.2: Looking for Common Ground		1. Prime factorization with exponents 2. Greatest common factor 3. Factor numerical expressions using the distributive property 4. Least common multiple Also consider: • Identify factors • Find all the factor pairs of a number
Lesson 1.2: Looking for Common Ground
1. Prime factorization with exponents 2. Greatest common factor 3. Factor numerical expressions using the distributive property 4. Least common multiple Also consider: • Identify factors • Find all the factor pairs of a number

Lesson 1.3: Composing and Decomposing Numbers		1. Greatest common factor of three or four numbers 2. GCF and LCM: word problems Also consider: • Least common multiple of three or four numbers
Lesson 1.3: Composing and Decomposing Numbers
1. Greatest common factor of three or four numbers 2. GCF and LCM: word problems Also consider: • Least common multiple of three or four numbers

Lesson 1.4: A Piece of a Piece		1. Divide fractions 2. Divide fractions and mixed numbers 3. Divide fractions and mixed numbers: word problems Also consider: • Reciprocals • Divide fractions and mixed numbers using models: word problems • Divide whole numbers and fractions using models
Lesson 1.4: A Piece of a Piece
1. Divide fractions 2. Divide fractions and mixed numbers 3. Divide fractions and mixed numbers: word problems Also consider: • Reciprocals • Divide fractions and mixed numbers using models: word problems • Divide whole numbers and fractions using models

Checkpoint opportunity		1. Checkpoint: Factors and multiples 2. Checkpoint: Divide fractions
Checkpoint opportunity
1. Checkpoint: Factors and multiples 2. Checkpoint: Divide fractions
Topic 2 - Area and Volume
Lesson 2.1: Because It's All About That Base... and Height		1. Understanding area of a parallelogram 2. Understanding area of a triangle 3. Understanding area of a trapezoid Also consider: • Area of parallelograms • Area of triangles • Area of trapezoids • Area of quadrilaterals and triangles: word problems
Lesson 2.1: Because It's All About That Base... and Height
1. Understanding area of a parallelogram 2. Understanding area of a triangle 3. Understanding area of a trapezoid Also consider: • Area of parallelograms • Area of triangles • Area of trapezoids • Area of quadrilaterals and triangles: word problems

Lesson 2.2: Dicing and Slicing		1. Area of compound figures with triangles 2. Area of complex figures: word problems 3. Area between two rectangles Also consider: • Area between two triangles
Lesson 2.2: Dicing and Slicing
1. Area of compound figures with triangles 2. Area of complex figures: word problems 3. Area between two rectangles Also consider: • Area between two triangles

Lesson 2.3: Length, Width, and Depth		1. Volume of cubes and rectangular prisms with fractional side lengths 2. Volume of cubes and rectangular prisms: word problems Also consider: • Multiply three or more mixed numbers, fractions, and/or whole numbers
Lesson 2.3: Length, Width, and Depth
1. Volume of cubes and rectangular prisms with fractional side lengths 2. Volume of cubes and rectangular prisms: word problems Also consider: • Multiply three or more mixed numbers, fractions, and/or whole numbers
Topic 3 - Decimals
Lesson 3.1: Getting in Line		1. Add and subtract decimal numbers 2. Add and subtract decimals: word problems Also consider: • Add and subtract money amounts: word problems • Estimate sums and differences of decimals
Lesson 3.1: Getting in Line
1. Add and subtract decimal numbers 2. Add and subtract decimals: word problems Also consider: • Add and subtract money amounts: word problems • Estimate sums and differences of decimals

Lesson 3.2: Product Placement		1. Multiply two decimals: where does the decimal point go? 2. Multiply decimals 3. Multiply decimals and whole numbers: word problems Also consider: • Estimate products of decimal numbers • Volume of cubes and rectangular prisms
Lesson 3.2: Product Placement
1. Multiply two decimals: where does the decimal point go? 2. Multiply decimals 3. Multiply decimals and whole numbers: word problems Also consider: • Estimate products of decimal numbers • Volume of cubes and rectangular prisms

Lesson 3.3: House of Dividends		1. Estimate decimal quotients 2. Division with decimal divisors 3. Convert fractions to decimals Also consider: • Divide decimals by whole numbers: word problems • Convert between fractions and repeating decimals
Lesson 3.3: House of Dividends
1. Estimate decimal quotients 2. Division with decimal divisors 3. Convert fractions to decimals Also consider: • Divide decimals by whole numbers: word problems • Convert between fractions and repeating decimals

2	Module 2 Relating Quantities
Topic 1 - Ratios
Lesson 1.1: Relatively Speaking		1. Additive and multiplicative relationships 2. Write a ratio 3. Write a ratio: word problems Also consider: • Which model represents the ratio? • What percentage is illustrated?
Lesson 1.1: Relatively Speaking
1. Additive and multiplicative relationships 2. Write a ratio 3. Write a ratio: word problems Also consider: • Which model represents the ratio? • What percentage is illustrated?

Lesson 1.2: Going Strong		1. Find the greater or lower ratio: word problems
Lesson 1.2: Going Strong
1. Find the greater or lower ratio: word problems

Lesson 1.3: Different but the Same		1. Equivalent ratios: word problems 2. Solve the proportion 3. Use tape diagrams to solve ratio word problems Also consider: • Write an equivalent ratio
Lesson 1.3: Different but the Same
1. Equivalent ratios: word problems 2. Solve the proportion 3. Use tape diagrams to solve ratio word problems Also consider: • Write an equivalent ratio

Lesson 1.4: A Trip to the Moon		1. Ratio tables
Lesson 1.4: A Trip to the Moon
1. Ratio tables

Lesson 1.5: They're Growing!		1. Ratios: complete a table and make a graph
Lesson 1.5: They're Growing!
1. Ratios: complete a table and make a graph

Lesson 1.6: One is Not Enough		1. Compare ratios: word problems 2. Find an equivalent ratio: word problems Also consider: • Interpret graphs of proportional relationships
Lesson 1.6: One is Not Enough
1. Compare ratios: word problems 2. Find an equivalent ratio: word problems Also consider: • Interpret graphs of proportional relationships
Topic 2 - Percents, Unit Rates, and Conversions
Lesson 2.1: We're Family!		1. Convert between percents, fractions, and decimals 2. Convert between percents, fractions, and decimals: word problems Also consider: • Convert fractions to percents using grid models • Find what percent one number is of another • Find what percent one number is of another: word problems
Lesson 2.1: We're Family!
1. Convert between percents, fractions, and decimals 2. Convert between percents, fractions, and decimals: word problems Also consider: • Convert fractions to percents using grid models • Find what percent one number is of another • Find what percent one number is of another: word problems

Lesson 2.2: Bench Warmer		1. Compare percents to fractions and decimals 2. Percents of numbers and money amounts Also consider: • Benchmark percents with strip models: multiples of 10, 20, 25, 33, and 50 • Estimate percents of numbers • Compare percents and fractions: word problems
Lesson 2.2: Bench Warmer
1. Compare percents to fractions and decimals 2. Percents of numbers and money amounts Also consider: • Benchmark percents with strip models: multiples of 10, 20, 25, 33, and 50 • Estimate percents of numbers • Compare percents and fractions: word problems

Lesson 2.3: Missing the Forest for the Trees		1. Percents of numbers: word problems 2. Solve percent problems using strip models 3. Find the total given a part and a percent 4. Tips and sale prices Also consider: • Solve percent problems using grid models • Solve percent problems • Solve percent word problems
Lesson 2.3: Missing the Forest for the Trees
1. Percents of numbers: word problems 2. Solve percent problems using strip models 3. Find the total given a part and a percent 4. Tips and sale prices Also consider: • Solve percent problems using grid models • Solve percent problems • Solve percent word problems

Lesson 2.4: Many Ways to Measure		1. Convert and compare customary units 2. Convert and compare metric units 3. Convert between customary and metric systems Also consider: • Customary unit conversions involving fractions and mixed numbers • Convert customary and metric units using proportions • Multi-step problems with customary or metric unit conversions
Lesson 2.4: Many Ways to Measure
1. Convert and compare customary units 2. Convert and compare metric units 3. Convert between customary and metric systems Also consider: • Customary unit conversions involving fractions and mixed numbers • Convert customary and metric units using proportions • Multi-step problems with customary or metric unit conversions

Lesson 2.5: What Is the Best Buy?		1. Unit prices 2. Unit rates 3. Compare rates: word problems Also consider: • Which is the better coupon? • Unit prices with fractions and decimals
Lesson 2.5: What Is the Best Buy?
1. Unit prices 2. Unit rates 3. Compare rates: word problems Also consider: • Which is the better coupon? • Unit prices with fractions and decimals

Lesson 2.6: A Different Way of Seeing Things		1. Rates: complete a table and make a graph Also consider: • Rates: word problems
Lesson 2.6: A Different Way of Seeing Things
1. Rates: complete a table and make a graph Also consider: • Rates: word problems

Checkpoint opportunity		1. Checkpoint: Unit rates 2. Checkpoint: Percents
Checkpoint opportunity
1. Checkpoint: Unit rates 2. Checkpoint: Percents
Topic 3 - The Statistical Process
Lesson 3.1: What's Your Question?		1. Identify statistical questions 2. Interpret bar graphs 3. Interpret frequency tables Also consider: • Identify representative, random, and biased samples • Create bar graphs • Interpret circle graphs • Create frequency tables
Lesson 3.1: What's Your Question?
1. Identify statistical questions 2. Interpret bar graphs 3. Interpret frequency tables Also consider: • Identify representative, random, and biased samples • Create bar graphs • Interpret circle graphs • Create frequency tables

Lesson 3.2: Getting in Shape		1. Interpret and create line plots 2. Describe shapes of distributions in line plots 3. Interpret and create stem-and-leaf plots
Lesson 3.2: Getting in Shape
1. Interpret and create line plots 2. Describe shapes of distributions in line plots 3. Interpret and create stem-and-leaf plots

Lesson 3.3: Skyscrapers		1. Interpret histograms 2. Create histograms
Lesson 3.3: Skyscrapers
1. Interpret histograms 2. Create histograms

3	Module 3 Moving Beyond Positive Quantities
Topic 1 - Signed Numbers
Lesson 1.1: Human Number Line		1. Rational numbers on number lines 2. Opposites of rational numbers 3. Understanding integers 4. Compare and order rational numbers Also consider: • Understanding opposite integers • Compare and order rational numbers using number lines • Compare temperatures above and below zero
Lesson 1.1: Human Number Line
1. Rational numbers on number lines 2. Opposites of rational numbers 3. Understanding integers 4. Compare and order rational numbers Also consider: • Understanding opposite integers • Compare and order rational numbers using number lines • Compare temperatures above and below zero

Lesson 1.2: Magnificent Magnitude		1. Understanding absolute value 2. Absolute value of rational numbers 3. Inequalities with absolute values Also consider: • Absolute value and integers: word problems
Lesson 1.2: Magnificent Magnitude
1. Understanding absolute value 2. Absolute value of rational numbers 3. Inequalities with absolute values Also consider: • Absolute value and integers: word problems

Lesson 1.3: What's in a Name?		1. Classify rational numbers using a diagram 2. Classify numbers
Lesson 1.3: What's in a Name?
1. Classify rational numbers using a diagram 2. Classify numbers

Lesson 1.4: Four Square		1. Graph points on a coordinate plane 2. Reflect a point over an axis 3. Distance between two points Also consider: • Quadrants • Objects on a coordinate plane
Lesson 1.4: Four Square
1. Graph points on a coordinate plane 2. Reflect a point over an axis 3. Distance between two points Also consider: • Quadrants • Objects on a coordinate plane

Lesson 1.5: Plane Play		1. Area and perimeter of squares, rectangles, and triangles on the coordinate plane 2. Graph quadrilaterals on the coordinate plane
Lesson 1.5: Plane Play
1. Area and perimeter of squares, rectangles, and triangles on the coordinate plane 2. Graph quadrilaterals on the coordinate plane
Topic 2 - Operating with Rational Numbers
Lesson 2.1: Math Football		1. Understanding integers 2. Integers on number lines 3. Graph integers on horizontal and vertical number lines
Lesson 2.1: Math Football
1. Understanding integers 2. Integers on number lines 3. Graph integers on horizontal and vertical number lines

Lesson 2.2: Walking the Line		1. Quantities that combine to zero: word problems 2. Add integers using counters 3. Add integers using number lines 4. Add integers Also consider: • Absolute value and opposite integers • Integer addition rules • Add three or more integers
Lesson 2.2: Walking the Line
1. Quantities that combine to zero: word problems 2. Add integers using counters 3. Add integers using number lines 4. Add integers Also consider: • Absolute value and opposite integers • Integer addition rules • Add three or more integers

Lesson 2.3: What's the Difference?		1. Subtract integers using counters 2. Subtract integers using number lines 3. Subtract integers Also consider: • Integer subtraction rules • Add and subtract integers • Complete addition and subtraction equations with integers • Add and subtract integers: word problems
Lesson 2.3: What's the Difference?
1. Subtract integers using counters 2. Subtract integers using number lines 3. Subtract integers Also consider: • Integer subtraction rules • Add and subtract integers • Complete addition and subtraction equations with integers • Add and subtract integers: word problems

Lesson 2.4: Equally Grouped		1. Understand multiplying by a negative integer using a number line 2. Integer multiplication and division rules 3. Multiply and divide integers Also consider: • Complete multiplication and division equations with integers
Lesson 2.4: Equally Grouped
1. Understand multiplying by a negative integer using a number line 2. Integer multiplication and division rules 3. Multiply and divide integers Also consider: • Complete multiplication and division equations with integers

Lesson 2.5: Mixing It All Up		1. Evaluate numerical expressions involving decimals 2. Evaluate numerical expressions involving fractions 3. Add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational numbers Also consider: • Evaluate numerical expressions involving integers • Add and subtract rational numbers • Apply addition and subtraction rules • Properties of addition and multiplication
Lesson 2.5: Mixing It All Up
1. Evaluate numerical expressions involving decimals 2. Evaluate numerical expressions involving fractions 3. Add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational numbers Also consider: • Evaluate numerical expressions involving integers • Add and subtract rational numbers • Apply addition and subtraction rules • Properties of addition and multiplication
Topic 3 - Numeric Summaries of Data
Lesson 3.1: In the Middle		1. Calculate mean, median, and mode Also consider: • Mean and median: find the missing number • Changes in mean, median, and mode
Lesson 3.1: In the Middle
1. Calculate mean, median, and mode Also consider: • Mean and median: find the missing number • Changes in mean, median, and mode

Lesson 3.2: Box It Up		1. Calculate range, quartiles, and interquartile range 2. Box plots
Lesson 3.2: Box It Up
1. Calculate range, quartiles, and interquartile range 2. Box plots

Lesson 3.3: March MADness		1. Calculate mean absolute deviation
Lesson 3.3: March MADness
1. Calculate mean absolute deviation

Lesson 3.4: You Chose... Wisely		1. Choose appropriate measures of center and variation Also consider: • Interpret measures of center and variability
Lesson 3.4: You Chose... Wisely
1. Choose appropriate measures of center and variation Also consider: • Interpret measures of center and variability

4	Module 4 Determining Unknown Quantities
Topic 1 - Expressions
Lesson 1.1: Building Relationships		1. Write multiplication expressions using exponents 2. Evaluate powers: squares and cubes 3. Evaluate numerical expressions with exponents Also consider: • Find the missing exponent or base • Square numbers • Evaluate numerical expressions one step at a time • Identify mistakes involving the order of operations
Lesson 1.1: Building Relationships
1. Write multiplication expressions using exponents 2. Evaluate powers: squares and cubes 3. Evaluate numerical expressions with exponents Also consider: • Find the missing exponent or base • Square numbers • Evaluate numerical expressions one step at a time • Identify mistakes involving the order of operations

Lesson 1.2: Headed into the Unknown		1. Write variable expressions 2. Write variable expressions: word problems 3. Evaluate variable expressions Also consider: • Identify terms and coefficients
Lesson 1.2: Headed into the Unknown
1. Write variable expressions 2. Write variable expressions: word problems 3. Evaluate variable expressions Also consider: • Identify terms and coefficients

Lesson 1.3: No Substitute for Hard Work		1. Identify terms and coefficients 2. Simplify expressions by combining like terms 3. Write variable expressions: word problems 4. Evaluate linear expressions Also consider: • Evaluate nonlinear expressions • Write variable expressions
Lesson 1.3: No Substitute for Hard Work
1. Identify terms and coefficients 2. Simplify expressions by combining like terms 3. Write variable expressions: word problems 4. Evaluate linear expressions Also consider: • Evaluate nonlinear expressions • Write variable expressions

Lesson 1.4: Are They Saying the Same Thing?		1. Identify equivalent expressions 2. Write equivalent expressions using properties Also consider: • Identify equivalent expressions using strip models
Lesson 1.4: Are They Saying the Same Thing?
1. Identify equivalent expressions 2. Write equivalent expressions using properties Also consider: • Identify equivalent expressions using strip models

Lesson 1.5: Math Gymnastics		1. Multiply using the distributive property 2. Add and subtract linear expressions 3. Factors of linear expressions Also consider: • Multiply using the distributive property: area models • Factor linear expressions: area models
Lesson 1.5: Math Gymnastics
1. Multiply using the distributive property 2. Add and subtract linear expressions 3. Factors of linear expressions Also consider: • Multiply using the distributive property: area models • Factor linear expressions: area models
Topic 2 - Equations and Inequalities
Lesson 2.1: First Among Equals		1. Properties of equality 2. Does x satisfy an equation? 3. Which x satisfies an equation?
Lesson 2.1: First Among Equals
1. Properties of equality 2. Does x satisfy an equation? 3. Which x satisfies an equation?

Lesson 2.2: One Fell Swoop		1. Solve one-step equations with whole numbers 2. Solve one-step equations with decimals and fractions 3. Solve one-step equations involving integers Also consider: • Solve one-step equations: word problems • Which word problem matches the one-step equation?
Lesson 2.2: One Fell Swoop
1. Solve one-step equations with whole numbers 2. Solve one-step equations with decimals and fractions 3. Solve one-step equations involving integers Also consider: • Solve one-step equations: word problems • Which word problem matches the one-step equation?

Lesson 2.3: Expressions Playing Together...		1. Write and solve equations that represent diagrams Also consider: • Model and solve equations using algebra tiles
Lesson 2.3: Expressions Playing Together...
1. Write and solve equations that represent diagrams Also consider: • Model and solve equations using algebra tiles

Lesson 2.4: Yours, Formally		1. Solve two-step equations without parentheses 2. Solve two-step equations with parentheses 3. Solve two-step equations Also consider: • Solve two-step equations with fractions • Solve two-step equations: word problems • Solve equations: complete the solution
Lesson 2.4: Yours, Formally
1. Solve two-step equations without parentheses 2. Solve two-step equations with parentheses 3. Solve two-step equations Also consider: • Solve two-step equations with fractions • Solve two-step equations: word problems • Solve equations: complete the solution

Lesson 2.5: One, None, or a Ton		1. Find the number of solutions 2. Graph inequalities on number lines 3. Write inequalities from number lines
Lesson 2.5: One, None, or a Ton
1. Find the number of solutions 2. Graph inequalities on number lines 3. Write inequalities from number lines

Lesson 2.6: Greater Than Most		1. Graph solutions to one-step inequalities 2. Solve two-step inequalities 3. Graph solutions to two-step inequalities Also consider: • Solutions to inequalities • Solve one-step inequalities • One-step inequalities: word problems
Lesson 2.6: Greater Than Most
1. Graph solutions to one-step inequalities 2. Solve two-step inequalities 3. Graph solutions to two-step inequalities Also consider: • Solutions to inequalities • Solve one-step inequalities • One-step inequalities: word problems

Checkpoint opportunity		1. Checkpoint: Understand and solve equations 2. Checkpoint: Solve two-step equations 3. Checkpoint: Solve two-step inequalities
Checkpoint opportunity
1. Checkpoint: Understand and solve equations 2. Checkpoint: Solve two-step equations 3. Checkpoint: Solve two-step inequalities
Topic 3 - Multiple Representations of Equations and Inequalities
Lesson 3.1: The Graph Tells the Story		1. Identify graphs: word problems 2. Identify independent and dependent variables in tables and graphs 3. Identify independent and dependent variables: word problems
Lesson 3.1: The Graph Tells the Story
1. Identify graphs: word problems 2. Identify independent and dependent variables in tables and graphs 3. Identify independent and dependent variables: word problems

Lesson 3.2: Point to It		1. Interpret a graph: word problems
Lesson 3.2: Point to It
1. Interpret a graph: word problems

Lesson 3.3: Stations, Stacks, and Structure		1. Identify equivalent linear expressions: word problems 2. Write a linear equation: word problems
Lesson 3.3: Stations, Stacks, and Structure
1. Identify equivalent linear expressions: word problems 2. Write a linear equation: word problems

Lesson 3.4: Deep Dive		1. Constant rate of change: graphs 2. Write linear equations: word problems 3. Write a linear inequality from a graph
Lesson 3.4: Deep Dive
1. Constant rate of change: graphs 2. Write linear equations: word problems 3. Write a linear inequality from a graph

Lesson 3.5: It's a Match!		1. Write a two-variable equation 2. Write an equation from a graph using a table 3. Complete a table and make a graph: word problems Also consider: • Complete a table and graph a linear function • Identify the graph of an equation
Lesson 3.5: It's a Match!
1. Write a two-variable equation 2. Write an equation from a graph using a table 3. Complete a table and make a graph: word problems Also consider: • Complete a table and graph a linear function • Identify the graph of an equation

5	Module 5 Constructing and Measuring
Topic 1 - Angles and Triangles
Lesson 1.1: Here's Lookin' at Euclid		1. Lines, line segments, and rays
Lesson 1.1: Here's Lookin' at Euclid
1. Lines, line segments, and rays

Lesson 1.2: Special Delivery		1. Identify complementary, supplementary, vertical, and adjacent angles 2. Find measures of complementary, supplementary, vertical, and adjacent angles 3. Write and solve equations using angle relationships Also consider: • Parallel, perpendicular, and intersecting lines
Lesson 1.2: Special Delivery
1. Identify complementary, supplementary, vertical, and adjacent angles 2. Find measures of complementary, supplementary, vertical, and adjacent angles 3. Write and solve equations using angle relationships Also consider: • Parallel, perpendicular, and intersecting lines

Lesson 1.3: Consider Every Side		1. Triangle inequality
Lesson 1.3: Consider Every Side
1. Triangle inequality

Lesson 1.4: Is It Unique?
Lesson 1.4: Is It Unique?

Topic 2 - Three-Dimensional Figures
Lesson 2.1: Solid Surgery		1. Cross sections of three-dimensional figures Also consider: • Bases of three-dimensional figures
Lesson 2.1: Solid Surgery
1. Cross sections of three-dimensional figures Also consider: • Bases of three-dimensional figures

Lesson 2.2: Hey, Mister, Got Some Birdseed?		1. Volume of pyramids Also consider: • Volume of cubes and prisms • Volume: changes in scale I
Lesson 2.2: Hey, Mister, Got Some Birdseed?
1. Volume of pyramids Also consider: • Volume of cubes and prisms • Volume: changes in scale I

Lesson 2.3: Surface Level Discussion		1. Surface area of cubes and prisms 2. Surface area of pyramids Also consider: • Lateral area of prisms • Lateral area of pyramids
Lesson 2.3: Surface Level Discussion
1. Surface area of cubes and prisms 2. Surface area of pyramids Also consider: • Lateral area of prisms • Lateral area of pyramids

Lesson 2.4: Regular, but Not Basic		1. Identify and classify polygons
Lesson 2.4: Regular, but Not Basic
1. Identify and classify polygons

This document includes the IXL® skill alignments to Carnegie Learning, Inc.'s Carnegie Learning Math (2022) curriculum. IXL provides skill alignments as a service to teachers, students, and parents. The skill alignments are provided by IXL and are not affiliated with, sponsored by, reviewed, approved or endorsed by Carnegie Learning, Inc. or any other third party. IXL® and IXL Learning® are registered trademarks of IXL Learning, Inc. All other intellectual property rights (e.g., unregistered and registered trademarks and copyrights) are the property of their respective owners.