New Jersey Student Learning Standards (adopted in 2023): Probability and Statistics
Skills available for New Jersey Probability and Statistics math standards
Section
Print skill plan
S.CP
Conditional Probability and the Rules of Probability
S.CP.A Understand independence and conditional probability and use them to interpret data.
S.CP.A.1 Describe events as subsets of a sample space (the set of outcomes) using characteristics (or categories) of the outcomes, or as unions, intersections, or complements of other events ("or," "and," "not").
S.CP.A.1 Describe events as subsets of a sample space (the set of outcomes) using characteristics (or categories) of the outcomes, or as unions, intersections, or complements of other events ("or," "and," "not").
S.CP.A.2 Understand that two events A and B are independent if the probability of A and B occurring together is the product of their probabilities, and use this characterization to determine if they are independent.
S.CP.A.2 Understand that two events A and B are independent if the probability of A and B occurring together is the product of their probabilities, and use this characterization to determine if they are independent.
S.CP.A.3 Understand the conditional probability of A given B as P(A and B)/P(B), and interpret independence of A and B as saying that the conditional probability of A given B is the same as the probability of A, and the conditional probability of B given A is the same as the probability of B.
S.CP.A.3 Understand the conditional probability of A given B as P(A and B)/P(B), and interpret independence of A and B as saying that the conditional probability of A given B is the same as the probability of A, and the conditional probability of B given A is the same as the probability of B.
S.CP.A.4 Construct and interpret two-way frequency tables of data when two categories are associated with each object being classified. Use the two-way table as a sample space to decide if events are independent and to approximate conditional probabilities.
S.CP.A.4 Construct and interpret two-way frequency tables of data when two categories are associated with each object being classified. Use the two-way table as a sample space to decide if events are independent and to approximate conditional probabilities.
S.CP.A.5 Recognize and explain the concepts of conditional probability and independence in everyday language and everyday situations.
S.CP.A.5 Recognize and explain the concepts of conditional probability and independence in everyday language and everyday situations.
S.CP.B Use the rules of probability to compute probabilities of compound events in a uniform probability model.
S.CP.B.6 Find the conditional probability of A given B as the fraction of B's outcomes that also belong to A, and interpret the answer in terms of the model.
S.CP.B.6 Find the conditional probability of A given B as the fraction of B's outcomes that also belong to A, and interpret the answer in terms of the model.
S.CP.B.7 Apply the Addition Rule, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B), and interpret the answer in terms of the model.
S.CP.B.7 Apply the Addition Rule, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B), and interpret the answer in terms of the model.
S.CP.B.8 Apply the general Multiplication Rule in a uniform probability model, P(A and B) = P(A)P(B|A) = P(B)P(A|B), and interpret the answer in terms of the model.
S.CP.B.8 Apply the general Multiplication Rule in a uniform probability model, P(A and B) = P(A)P(B|A) = P(B)P(A|B), and interpret the answer in terms of the model.
S.CP.B.9 Use permutations and combinations to compute probabilities of compound events and solve problems.
S.CP.B.9 Use permutations and combinations to compute probabilities of compound events and solve problems.
S.MD
Using Probability to Make Decisions
S.MD.A Calculate expected values and use them to solve problems.
S.MD.A.1 Define a random variable for a quantity of interest by assigning a numerical value to each event in a sample space; graph the corresponding probability distribution using the same graphical displays as for data distributions.
S.MD.A.1 Define a random variable for a quantity of interest by assigning a numerical value to each event in a sample space; graph the corresponding probability distribution using the same graphical displays as for data distributions.
S.MD.A.2 Calculate the expected value of a random variable; interpret it as the mean of the probability distribution.
S.MD.A.2 Calculate the expected value of a random variable; interpret it as the mean of the probability distribution.
S.MD.A.3 Develop a probability distribution for a random variable defined for a sample space in which theoretical probabilities can be calculated; find the expected value.
S.MD.A.3 Develop a probability distribution for a random variable defined for a sample space in which theoretical probabilities can be calculated; find the expected value.
S.MD.A.4 Develop a probability distribution for a random variable defined for a sample space in which probabilities are assigned empirically; find the expected value.
S.MD.A.4 Develop a probability distribution for a random variable defined for a sample space in which probabilities are assigned empirically; find the expected value.
S.MD.B Use probability to evaluate outcomes of decisions.
S.MD.B.5 Weigh the possible outcomes of a decision by assigning probabilities to payoff values and finding expected values.
S.MD.B.5 Weigh the possible outcomes of a decision by assigning probabilities to payoff values and finding expected values.
S.MD.B.5.a: Find the expected payoff for a game of chance.
S.MD.B.5.a: Find the expected payoff for a game of chance.
S.MD.B.5.b: Evaluate and compare strategies on the basis of expected values.
S.MD.B.5.b: Evaluate and compare strategies on the basis of expected values.
S.MD.B.6 Use probabilities to make fair decisions (e.g., drawing by lots, using a random number generator).
S.MD.B.6 Use probabilities to make fair decisions (e.g., drawing by lots, using a random number generator).
S.MD.B.7 Analyze decisions and strategies using probability concepts (e.g., product testing, medical testing, pulling a hockey goalie at the end of a game).
S.MD.B.7 Analyze decisions and strategies using probability concepts (e.g., product testing, medical testing, pulling a hockey goalie at the end of a game).
S.IC
Making Inferences and Justifying Conclusions
S.IC.A Understand and evaluate random processes underlying statistical experiments.
S.IC.A.1 Understand statistics as a process for making inferences about population parameters based on a random sample from that population.
S.IC.A.1 Understand statistics as a process for making inferences about population parameters based on a random sample from that population.
S.IC.A.2 Decide if a specified model is consistent with results from a given data-generating process, e.g., using simulation.
S.IC.A.2 Decide if a specified model is consistent with results from a given data-generating process, e.g., using simulation.
S.IC.B Make inferences and justify conclusions from sample surveys, experiments, and observational studies.
S.IC.B.3 Recognize the purposes of and differences among sample surveys, experiments, and observational studies; explain how randomization relates to each.
S.IC.B.3 Recognize the purposes of and differences among sample surveys, experiments, and observational studies; explain how randomization relates to each.
S.IC.B.4 Use data from a sample survey to estimate a population mean or proportion; develop a margin of error through the use of simulation models for random sampling.
S.IC.B.4 Use data from a sample survey to estimate a population mean or proportion; develop a margin of error through the use of simulation models for random sampling.
S.IC.B.5 Use data from a randomized experiment to compare two treatments; use simulations to decide if differences between parameters are significant.
S.IC.B.5 Use data from a randomized experiment to compare two treatments; use simulations to decide if differences between parameters are significant.
S.IC.B.6 Evaluate reports based on data.
S.IC.B.6 Evaluate reports based on data.