1 Plan and carry out investigations to compare, contrast, and classify various solid and liquid materials according to physical properties, including color and texture.

2 Conduct investigations to determine suitable uses of natural and manufactured materials based on their observable properties, including strength, flexibility, hardness, absorbency, and texture.

3 Demonstrate and explain how structures made from a small set of pieces can be disassembled and then reassembled as new and different structures.

4 Provide evidence that some changes in matter caused by heating or cooling can be reversed and some changes are irreversible.

5 Plan and carry out an investigation, using one variable at a time, to determine how each variable affects plant growth.

6 Design and construct models to simulate how animals disperse seeds or pollinate plants.

7 Obtain information to explain that there are many different kinds of living things that exist in habitats on land and in water.

8 Use models to distinguish between the shapes and kinds of land and water on Earth.

9 Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and determine whether it is a solid or a liquid.

10 Use a variety of sources to provide evidence that Earth's events can occur slowly or rapidly.

11 Evaluate multiple solutions designed to slow or prevent wind or water from changing the shape of Earth's surface.