Arkansas

Topic 1 Structure of Matter

• CII1-PS1-1 Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.

  • Introduction to the periodic table (Ch-D.)
  • History of the periodic table (Ch-D.)
  • Models of the atom (Ch-G.)
  • Count subatomic particles in atoms and ions (Ch-G.1)
  • Identify the electron configuration of an atom or ion (Ch-I.)
  • Periodic trends: Ionization energy (Ch-J.1)
  • Introduction to chemical bonding (Ch-K.1)
  • Determine which type of chemical bond can form (Ch-K.2)

• CII-PS1-1AR Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information on the evolution of atomic models over time.

  • Models of the atom (Ch-G.)

• CII-PS1-2AR Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information using Coulomb's law to describe and predict patterns of electrostatic forces between particles.

• CII-PS1-3AR Use mathematical representations and computational thinking to support a claim that patterns exist among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves.

  • Properties of electromagnetic waves (Ch-I.)

• CII-PS1-4AR Analyze and interpret data of absorption and emission of energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation and models of the atom.

  • Atomic emission and absorption spectra (Ch-I.)

• CII-PS1-8 Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay.

  • Classify nuclear reactions (Ch-H.1)
  • Predict products and reactants in nuclear reactions (Ch-H.)

• CII-PS4-3 Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other.

  • The photoelectric effect and the particle nature of light (Ch-I.)
  • Atomic emission and absorption spectra (Ch-I.)

• CII1-ETS1-3 Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and tradeoffs that account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics, as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.

Topic 2 Properties of Matter

• CII2-PS1-1 Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.

  • Introduction to chemical bonding (Ch-K.1)
  • Determine which type of chemical bond can form (Ch-K.2)
  • Classify and describe covalent substances, ionic compounds, and metals (Ch-K.)

• CII-PS1-3 Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the bulk scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles.

  • Predict the shape of a molecule using VSEPR theory (Ch-M.)
  • Use Lewis structures to predict molecular polarity (Ch-M.)
  • Explore intermolecular forces and kinetic energy in phase diagrams (Ch-N.1)

• CII-PS2-1AR Develop and use models to explain the differences between chemical compounds using patterns as a method for identification.

  • Name binary ionic compounds (Ch-L.1)
  • Name ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions (Ch-L.2)
  • Write chemical formulas of ionic compounds (Ch-L.3)
  • Name binary covalent compounds (Ch-L.)
  • Write chemical formulas of binary covalent compounds (Ch-L.)

• CII-PS2-2AR Use mathematics and computational thinking to apply Coulomb's law to determine scale, proportion, and quantity of forces between particles.

• CII-PS2-3AR Use mathematical representations to quantify matter through the analysis of patterns in chemical compounds.

  • Calculate molar mass (Ch-O.1)
  • Convert between mass and moles of a substance (Ch-O.2)
  • Convert between volume and moles of a gas at STP (Ch-O.)

• CII-PS2-4AR Develop and use a model of two particles interacting through electric fields to illustrate forces between particles and the changes in energy due to the interaction.

• CII2-ETS1-2 Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.

Topic 3 Reactions

• CII-PS1-2 Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties.

  • Classify chemical reactions (Ch-Q.1)
  • Single replacement reactions (Ch-Q.)
  • Identify soluble and insoluble ionic compounds (Ch-Q.)
  • Double replacement reactions (Ch-Q.)

• CII-PS1-7 Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction.

  • Calculate molar mass (Ch-O.1)
  • Convert between mass and moles of a substance (Ch-O.2)
  • Convert between volume and moles of a gas at STP (Ch-O.)
  • Count atoms in chemical reactions using models (Ch-P.1)
  • Count atoms in chemical equations (Ch-P.2)
  • Balance chemical equations I (Ch-P.3)
  • Balance chemical equations II (Ch-P.)
  • Determine mole ratios (Ch-R.1)
  • Calculate the mass of a reactant or product (Ch-R.2)
  • Calculate the volume of a gaseous reactant or product at STP (Ch-R.3)
  • Identify a limiting reactant and calculate the amount of a product (Ch-R.)
  • Calculate the percent yield of a reaction (Ch-R.)

• CII-PS3-1AR Use mathematical representations to analyze the proportion and quantity of particles in solution.

  • Solve problems using solubility curves (Ch-T.1)
  • Calculate the molarity, amount of solute, or volume of a solution (Ch-T.)

• CII-PS3-2AR Construct an explanation of the relationship between energy and the behavior of particles.

  • Interpret heating curves (Ch-F.)

• CII-PS3-3AR Plan and carry out an investigation to predict the outcome of a chemical reaction based on patterns of chemical properties.

  • Classify chemical reactions (Ch-Q.1)
  • Single replacement reactions (Ch-Q.)
  • Double replacement reactions (Ch-Q.)

• CII3-ETS1-3 Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and tradeoffs that account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics, as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.

Topic 4 Kinetics and Kinetic Molecular Theory

• CII-PS1-5 Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs.

  • Factors that affect reaction rate (Ch-U.1)

• CII-PS4-1AR Plan and carry out investigations to examine stability and change exhibited by gas particles in a closed system.

  • Boyle's Law: pressure and volume relationships of gases (Ch-S.1)
  • Charles's Law: volume and temperature relationship of gases (Ch-S.)
  • Ideal gas law (Ch-S.)

• CII-PS4-2AR Argue from evidence cause and effect relationships of factors influencing behavior of gas particles.

• CII4-ETS1-4 Use a computer simulation to model the impact of proposed solutions to a complex real-world problem with numerous criteria and constraints on interactions within and between systems relevant to the problem.

Topic 5 Thermochemistry

• CII-PS1-4 Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends upon the changes in total bond energy.

  • Matter and energy transfer between a system and its surroundings (Ch-E.)
  • Identify exothermic and endothermic processes (Ch-E.1)

• CII-PS5-1AR Analyze and interpret data to explain energy (enthalpy) changes of a reaction.

• CII-PS5-2AR Plan and conduct an investigation to calculate changes in energy within a system and/or energy flows in and out of a system.

  • Calculations involving specific heat (Ch-F.1)

• CII5-ETS1-4 Use a computer simulation to model the impact of proposed solutions to a complex real-world problem with numerous criteria and constraints on interactions within and between systems relevant to the problem.

Topic 6 Equilibrium

• CII-PS1-6 Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium.

  • Predict the equilibrium shift (Ch-V.1)
  • Identify the stresses that cause an equilibrium shift (Ch-V.)

• CII-PS6-1AR Analyze and interpret data to explain the change in concentration of products and reactants, and the stable state achieved under reversible conditions.

• CII6-ETS1-2 Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.

Topic 7 Organic Chemistry

• CII-PS7-1AR Obtain and combine information to describe differences between alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.

• CII-PS7-2AR Obtain and combine information to describe differences between various functional groups.

• CII7-ETS1-1 Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.