Arkansas

Topic 1 Matter and Chemical Reactions

• CI-PS1-1 Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.

  • Introduction to the periodic table (Ch-D.2)
  • History of the periodic table (Ch-D.3)
  • Models of the atom (Ch-F.1)
  • Count subatomic particles in atoms and ions (Ch-F.2)
  • Identify the electron configuration of an atom or ion (Ch-H.4)
  • Periodic trends: Ionization energy (Ch-I.1)
  • Introduction to chemical bonding (Ch-J.1)
  • Determine which type of chemical bond can form (Ch-J.2)

• CI-PS1-2 Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties.

  • Classify chemical reactions (Ch-P.1)
  • Single replacement reactions (Ch-P.2)
  • Identify soluble and insoluble ionic compounds (Ch-P.3)
  • Double replacement reactions (Ch-P.4)
  • Single and double replacement reactions: predict products and balance equations (Ch-P.5)

• CI-PS1-3 Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the bulk scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles.

  • Predict the shape of a molecule using VSEPR theory (Ch-L.2)
  • Use Lewis structures to predict molecular polarity (Ch-L.3)
  • Explore intermolecular forces and kinetic energy in phase diagrams (Ch-M.2)

• CI-PS1-6 Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium.

  • Predict the equilibrium shift (Ch-V.2)
  • Identify the stresses that cause an equilibrium shift (Ch-V.3)

• CI-PS1-7 Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction.

  • Calculate molar mass (Ch-N.1)
  • Convert between mass and moles of a substance (Ch-N.2)
  • Convert between volume and moles of a gas at STP (Ch-N.3)
  • Convert between particles and moles of a substance (Ch-N.4)
  • Convert between moles, mass, particles, and volume of a substance at STP (Ch-N.)
  • Count atoms in chemical reactions using models (Ch-O.1)
  • Count atoms in chemical equations (Ch-O.2)
  • Balance chemical equations I (Ch-O.3)
  • Balance chemical equations II (Ch-O.4)
  • Determine mole ratios (Ch-Q.1)
  • Calculate the mass of a reactant or product (Ch-Q.2)
  • Calculate the volume of a gaseous reactant or product at STP (Ch-Q.3)
  • Calculate the number of particles of a reactant or product (Ch-Q.4)
  • Identify a limiting reactant and calculate the amount of a product (Ch-Q.5)
  • Calculate the percent yield of a reaction (Ch-Q.6)

• CI-ESS2-5 Plan and conduct an investigation of the properties of water and its effects on Earth materials and surface processes.

• CI1-ETS1-2 Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.

Topic 2 Nuclear Reactions

• CI-PS1-8 Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay.

  • Types of radioactive decay (Ch-G.)
  • Classify nuclear reactions (Ch-G.1)
  • Predict products and reactants in nuclear reactions (Ch-G.2)

• CI-ESS1-1 Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the life span of the sun and the role of nuclear fusion in the sun's core to release energy that eventually reaches Earth in the form of radiation.

• CI-ESS1-3 Communicate scientific ideas about the way stars, over their life cycle, produce elements.

• CI-ESS1-6 Apply scientific reasoning and evidence from ancient Earth materials, meteorites, and other planetary surfaces to construct an account of Earth's formation and early history.

• CI2-ETS1-1 Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

• CI2-ETS1-2 Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.

• CI2-ETS1-3 Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and trade-offs that account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics, as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.

• CI2-ETS1-4 Use a computer simulation to model the impact of proposed solutions to a complex real-world problem with numerous criteria and constraints on interactions within and between systems relevant to the problem.

Topic 3 Energy Flow

• CI-PS1-4 Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends upon the changes in total bond energy.

  • Matter and energy transfer between a system and its surroundings (Ch-E.1)
  • Identify exothermic and endothermic processes (Ch-E.2)

• CI-PS1-5 Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs.

  • Determine the average reaction rate (Ch-U.1)
  • Factors that affect reaction rate (Ch-U.2)

• CI-PS3-1 Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known.

  • Interpret heating curves (Ch-T.1)
  • Calculations involving specific heat (Ch-T.2)

• CI-ESS1-2 Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe.

• CI-ESS2-3 Develop a model based on evidence of Earth's interior to describe the cycling of matter by thermal convection.

• CI-ESS3-4 Evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems.

• CI3-ETS1-1 Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

Topic 4 Waves

• CI-PS4-1 Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media.

  • Introduction to waves (Ph-L.1)
  • Waves on strings (Ph-L.2)
  • Sound waves: speed, frequency, and wavelength (Ph-M.1)
  • Properties of electromagnetic waves (Ph-N.1)
  • Refraction of light (Ph-O.2)

• CI-PS4-3 Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other.

• CI-PS4-4 Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter.

• CI-PS4-5 Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy.

• CI4-ETS1-4 Use a computer simulation to model the impact of proposed solutions to a complex real-world problem with numerous criteria and constraints on interactions within and between systems relevant to the problem.

Topic 5 Forces

• CI-PS2-1 Analyze data to support the claim that Newton's second law of motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration.

  • Newton's laws of motion (Ph-F.1)
  • Newton's first law of motion (Ph-F.2)
  • Newton's second law of motion (Ph-F.3)

• CI-PS2-2 Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system.

  • Conservation of momentum (Ph-G.1)

• CI-PS2-4 Use mathematical representations of Newton's Law of Gravitation and Coulomb's Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects.

  • Newton's law of universal gravitation (Ph-I.4)
  • Orbital motion (Ph-I.5)
  • Coulomb's law: electrostatic forces (Ph-P.1)

• CI-PS3-5 Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electric or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction.

  • Coulomb's law: electrostatic forces (Ph-P.1)
  • Magnetic field calculations: long, straight wires (Ph-R.2)
  • Magnetic force calculations: moving point charges (Ph-R.4)
  • Magnetic force calculations: current-carrying wires (Ph-R.)

• CI-ESS1-4 Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system.

  • Centripetal acceleration (Ph-I.2)
  • Centripetal force (Ph-I.3)
  • Newton's law of universal gravitation (Ph-I.4)
  • Orbital motion (Ph-I.5)

• CI5-ETS1-2 Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.