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Skills available for Louisiana fourth-grade math standards

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Louisiana Student Standards (adopted in 2025): Grade 4 Louisiana Student Standards (adopted in 2025): Grade 4
Louisiana Student Standards: Grade 4 Louisiana Student Standards: Grade 4
Louisiana Student Standards: Mathematical Practices Louisiana Student Standards: Mathematical Practices

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4.NOF Numeracy & Operational Fluency

4.NOF.A Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.
- 4.NOF.A.1 Explain why a fraction ^a/_b is equivalent to a fraction ^{(n × a)}/_{(n × b)} by using visual fraction models or number line diagrams, with attention to how the number and size of the parts differ even though the two fractions themselves are the same size. Use this principle to recognize and generate equivalent fractions. (Denominators are limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.)
- 4.NOF.A.2 Compare two fractions with different numerators and different denominators, and by comparing to a benchmark fraction such as ¹/₂: Recognize that comparisons are valid only when the two fractions refer to the same whole; Record the results of comparisons with symbols >, =, or <, and justify the conclusions. (Denominators are limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.)
4.NOF.B Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.
- 4.NOF.B.3 Understand a fraction ^a/_b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions ¹/_b. (Denominators are limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.)
  - 4.NOF.B.3a Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.
  - 4.NOF.B.3b Decompose a fraction, including mixed numbers and fractions greater than 1, into a sum of fractions, including unit fractions and non-unit fractions, with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions.
  - 4.NOF.B.3c Evaluate the reasonableness of sums and differences of fractions using benchmark fractions, 0, ¹/₄, ¹/₂, ³/₄, 1, referring to the same whole.
    - Estimate sums and differences of fractions using benchmarks (4)
- 4.NOF.B.4 Add and subtract fractions with like denominators.
  - 4.NOF.B.4a Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators.
  - 4.NOF.B.4b Solve real-world mathematical tasks involving addition and subtraction of fractions, including mixed numbers and fractions greater than 1, referring to the same whole and having like denominators.
- 4.NOF.B.5 Multiply a fraction by a whole number. (Denominators are limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.)
  - 4.NOF.B.5a Understand a fraction ^a/_b as a multiple of ¹/_b.
  - 4.NOF.B.5b Understand a multiple of ^a/_b as a multiple of ¹/_b and use this understanding to multiply a fraction by a whole number.
  - 4.NOF.B.5c Solve real-world mathematical tasks involving multiplication of a fraction by a whole number.
4.NOF.C Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions.
- 4.NOF.C.6 Express a fraction with denominator 10 as an equivalent fraction with denominator 100, and use this technique to add two fractions with respective denominators 10 and 100.
- 4.NOF.C.7 Use decimal notation and precise language for fractions with denominators 10 or 100.
- 4.NOF.C.8 Compare two decimals to hundredths by reasoning about their size: Recognize that comparisons are valid only when the two decimals refer to the same whole; Record the results of comparisons with the symbols >, =, or <, and justify the conclusions.
4.NOF.D Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.
- 4.NOF.D.9 Using whole numbers in the range 1–100.
  - 4.NOF.D.9a Find all factor pairs for a given whole number.
    - Identify factors (4-F.4)
    - Find all the factor pairs of a number (4-F.5)
  - 4.NOF.D.9b Recognize that a given whole number is a multiple of each of its factors.
    - Choose numbers with a particular product (4-G.10)
  - 4.NOF.D.9c Determine whether a given whole number is a multiple of a given one-digit number.
    - Choose the multiples of a given number up to 10 (4-F.6)
    - Choose the multiples of a given number up to 12 (4-F.7)
  - 4.NOF.D.9d Determine whether a given whole number is prime or composite.
    - Prime and composite: up to 20 (4-F.9)
    - Prime and composite: up to 100 (4-F.10)
4.NOF.E Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers.
- 4.NOF.E.10 Recognize that in a multi-digit whole number less than or equal to 1,000,000, a digit in one place represents ten times what it represents in the place to its right.
- 4.NOF.E.11 Read and write multi-digit whole numbers up to 1,000,000 using base-ten numerals/standard form, written form (number names), unit form, and expanded form.
- 4.NOF.E.12 Use place value understanding to:
  - 4.NOF.E.12a Round multi-digit whole numbers up to 1,000,000, to any place.
  - 4.NOF.E.12b Use compatible numbers to estimate solutions to real-world mathematical tasks.
4.NOF.F Add and subtract multi-digit numbers.
- 4.NOF.F.13 Fluently add and subtract multi-digit whole numbers with sums or differences less than or equal to 1,000,000, using a standard algorithm.

4.AR Algebraic Reasoning

4.AR.A Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve real-world mathematical tasks.
- 4.AR.A.1 Interpret a multiplication equation as a comparison and represent verbal statements of multiplicative comparisons as multiplication equations.
  - Compare numbers using multiplication (4-G.7)
- 4.AR.A.2 Multiply or divide to solve real-world mathematical tasks involving multiplicative comparison.
  - 4.AR.A.2a Represent these tasks by using drawings and/or equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem, distinguishing multiplicative comparison from additive comparison.
- 4.AR.A.3 Solve multi-step real-world mathematical tasks involving more than one operation posed with whole numbers and having whole-number answers using the four operations, including problems in which remainders must be interpreted.
  - Multiply 1-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers: multi-step word problems (4-J.11)
  - Multiply 1-digit numbers by 3-digit or 4-digit numbers: multi-step word problems (4-J.18)
  - Multiply a 2-digit number by a 2-digit number: multi-step word problems (4-K.12)
  - Divide 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers: interpret remainders (4-N.2)
  - Divide larger numbers by 1-digit numbers: interpret remainders (4-N.4)
  - Use strip diagrams to represent and solve multi-step addition and subtraction word problems (4-P.1)
  - Multi-step addition and subtraction word problems (4-P.2)
  - Multi-step word problems with strip diagrams (4-P.4)
  - Use strip diagrams to represent and solve multi-step word problems (4-P.5)
  - Multi-step word problems (4-P.8)
  - Multi-step word problems involving remainders (4-P.9)
  - Word problems with extra or missing information (4-P.11)
  - 4.AR.A.3a Represent these problems using equations with a letter standing for the unknown quantity.
  - 4.AR.A.3b Assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies, including rounding.
    - Estimate products word problems: identify reasonable answers (4-J.4)
    - Multi-step word problems: identify reasonable answers (4-P.10)
4.AR.B Generate and analyze patterns.
- 4.AR.B.4 Generate and extend a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule.
  - Make a repeating pattern (4)
  - Use a rule to complete a number pattern (4-R.1)
  - Extend growing shape patterns (4-S.1)
  - Extend repeating shape patterns (4-S.2)
  - Find the next shape in a pattern (4)
  - Complete a repeating pattern (4)
  - 4.AR.B.4a Identify apparent features of the pattern that were not explicit in the rule itself.
4.AR.C Compare whole numbers.
- 4.AR.C.5 Using understanding of the base-ten system.
  - 4.AR.C.5a Compare multi-digit whole numbers up to 1,000,000 using >, =, and < symbols to record the results of comparisons.
    - Compare numbers up to one million (4-B.1)
    - Compare numbers up to one hundred thousand (4)
  - 4.AR.C.5b Order a set of whole numbers up to 1,000,000.
    - Order numbers up to one million (4-B.4)
4.AR.D Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic.
- 4.AR.D.6 Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole number, and multiply two two-digit numbers, using strategies based on place value understanding and the properties of operations.
- 4.AR.D.7 Find whole-number quotients and remainders with up to four-digit dividends and one-digit divisors, using strategies based on place value understanding, the properties of operations, and/or the relationship between multiplication and division.

4.GL Geometric Reasoning & Logic

4.GL.A Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.
- 4.GL.A.1 Draw points, lines, line segments, rays, angles (right, acute, obtuse), and perpendicular and parallel lines. Identify these in two-dimensional figures.
- 4.GL.A.2 Classify two-dimensional figures based on the presence or absence of parallel or perpendicular lines, or the presence or absence of angles of a specified size.
  - Parallel sides in quadrilaterals (4-PP.1)
  - Sides and angles of quadrilaterals (4-PP.2)
  - Classify quadrilaterals (4-PP.7)
  - Pick all the names for a quadrilateral (4-PP.8)
  - Name quadrilaterals more than one way (4-PP.9)
  - 4.GL.A.2a Recognize right triangles as a category, and identify right triangles.
- 4.GL.A.3 Recognize a line of symmetry for a two-dimensional figure as a line across the figure such that the figure can be folded along the line into matching parts. Identify line-symmetric figures and draw lines of symmetry.

4.DM Data Analysis & Measurement

4.DM.A Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements from a larger unit to a smaller unit.
- 4.DM.A.1 Know relative sizes of measurement units within one system of units, including ft, in; km, m, cm; kg, g; lb, oz; l, ml; hr, min, sec.
  - 4.DM.A.1a Within a single system of measurement, express measurements in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit.
  - 4.DM.A.1b Record measurement equivalents in a two-column table. (Conversions are limited to one-step conversions.)
- 4.DM.A.2 Use the four operations to solve multi-step real-world mathematical tasks involving: distances, intervals of time, liquid volumes, masses of objects, and money, including problems involving whole numbers and/or simple fractions, and; problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit.
- 4.DM.A.3 Apply the area and perimeter formulas for rectangles in real-world mathematical tasks.
4.DM.B Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic.
- 4.DM.B.4 Make a line plot to display a data set of measurements in fractions of a unit (¹/₂, ¹/₄, ¹/₈).
  - Create line plots with fractions (4-O.3)
  - Create and interpret line plots with fractions (4-O.4)
  - 4.DM.B.4a Solve real-world mathematical tasks involving the addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators by using information presented in line plots.
    - Interpret line plots with fractions: multi-step problems (4)
4.DM.C Geometric measurement: understand concepts of angle and measure angles.
- 4.DM.C.5 Recognize angles as geometric shapes that are formed wherever two rays share a common endpoint, and understand concepts of angle measurement.
  - 4.DM.C.5a An angle is measured with reference to a circle with its center at the common endpoint of the rays, by considering the fraction of the circular arc between the points where two rays intersect the circle.
  - 4.DM.C.5b An angle that turns through ¹/₃₆₀ of a circle is called a "one-degree angle" and can be used to measure angles.
    - Measure angles on a circle (4-NN.6)
  - 4.DM.C.5c An angle that turns through n one-degree angles is said to have an angle measure of n degrees.
- 4.DM.C.6 Measure angles in whole-number degrees using a standard 180° protractor.
  - Measure angles with a protractor (4-NN.7)
- 4.DM.C.7 Recognize angle measure as additive. When an angle is decomposed into non-overlapping parts, the angle measure of the whole is the sum of the angle measures of the parts.
  - Adjacent angles (4-NN.10)
  - 4.DM.C.7a Solve addition and subtraction real-world mathematical tasks to find unknown angles on a diagram.
    - Angle measures: word problems (4-NN.11)
    - Solve problems involving angle measures (4-NN.12)
4.DM.D Relate area to operations of multiplication and addition.
- 4.DM.D.8 Recognize area as additive.
  - 4.DM.D.8a Decompose two-dimensional composite figures whose sides meet at right angles into non-overlapping rectangles and squares. Apply area formulas to find the area of each part, and use addition or subtraction to determine the total area of the composite figure.

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4.NOF Numeracy & Operational Fluency

4.NOF.A Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.

4.NOF.B Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.

4.NOF.B.3 Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b. (Denominators are limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.)

4.NOF.B.3a Understand addition and subtraction of fractions as joining and separating parts referring to the same whole.

4.NOF.B.3b Decompose a fraction, including mixed numbers and fractions greater than 1, into a sum of fractions, including unit fractions and non-unit fractions, with the same denominator in more than one way, recording each decomposition by an equation. Justify decompositions.

4.NOF.B.3c Evaluate the reasonableness of sums and differences of fractions using benchmark fractions, 0, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, referring to the same whole.

4.NOF.B.4 Add and subtract fractions with like denominators.

4.NOF.B.4a Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators.

4.NOF.B.4b Solve real-world mathematical tasks involving addition and subtraction of fractions, including mixed numbers and fractions greater than 1, referring to the same whole and having like denominators.

4.NOF.B.5 Multiply a fraction by a whole number. (Denominators are limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.)

4.NOF.B.5a Understand a fraction a/b as a multiple of 1/b.

4.NOF.B.5b Understand a multiple of a/b as a multiple of 1/b and use this understanding to multiply a fraction by a whole number.

4.NOF.B.5c Solve real-world mathematical tasks involving multiplication of a fraction by a whole number.

4.NOF.C Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions.

4.NOF.C.6 Express a fraction with denominator 10 as an equivalent fraction with denominator 100, and use this technique to add two fractions with respective denominators 10 and 100.

4.NOF.C.7 Use decimal notation and precise language for fractions with denominators 10 or 100.

4.NOF.C.8 Compare two decimals to hundredths by reasoning about their size: Recognize that comparisons are valid only when the two decimals refer to the same whole; Record the results of comparisons with the symbols >, =, or <, and justify the conclusions.

4.NOF.D Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.

4.NOF.D.9 Using whole numbers in the range 1–100.

4.NOF.D.9a Find all factor pairs for a given whole number.

4.NOF.D.9b Recognize that a given whole number is a multiple of each of its factors.

4.NOF.D.9c Determine whether a given whole number is a multiple of a given one-digit number.

4.NOF.D.9d Determine whether a given whole number is prime or composite.

4.NOF.E Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers.

4.NOF.E.10 Recognize that in a multi-digit whole number less than or equal to 1,000,000, a digit in one place represents ten times what it represents in the place to its right.

4.NOF.E.11 Read and write multi-digit whole numbers up to 1,000,000 using base-ten numerals/standard form, written form (number names), unit form, and expanded form.

4.NOF.E.12 Use place value understanding to:

4.NOF.E.12a Round multi-digit whole numbers up to 1,000,000, to any place.

4.NOF.E.12b Use compatible numbers to estimate solutions to real-world mathematical tasks.

4.NOF.F Add and subtract multi-digit numbers.

4.NOF.F.13 Fluently add and subtract multi-digit whole numbers with sums or differences less than or equal to 1,000,000, using a standard algorithm.

4.AR Algebraic Reasoning

4.AR.A Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve real-world mathematical tasks.

4.AR.A.1 Interpret a multiplication equation as a comparison and represent verbal statements of multiplicative comparisons as multiplication equations.

4.AR.A.2 Multiply or divide to solve real-world mathematical tasks involving multiplicative comparison.

4.AR.A.2a Represent these tasks by using drawings and/or equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem, distinguishing multiplicative comparison from additive comparison.

4.AR.A.3 Solve multi-step real-world mathematical tasks involving more than one operation posed with whole numbers and having whole-number answers using the four operations, including problems in which remainders must be interpreted.

4.AR.A.3a Represent these problems using equations with a letter standing for the unknown quantity.

4.AR.A.3b Assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies, including rounding.

4.AR.B Generate and analyze patterns.

4.AR.B.4 Generate and extend a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule.

4.AR.B.4a Identify apparent features of the pattern that were not explicit in the rule itself.

4.AR.C Compare whole numbers.

4.AR.C.5 Using understanding of the base-ten system.

4.AR.C.5a Compare multi-digit whole numbers up to 1,000,000 using >, =, and < symbols to record the results of comparisons.

4.AR.C.5b Order a set of whole numbers up to 1,000,000.

4.AR.D Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic.

4.AR.D.6 Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole number, and multiply two two-digit numbers, using strategies based on place value understanding and the properties of operations.

4.AR.D.6a Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, number line diagrams, and/or area models.

4.AR.D.7 Find whole-number quotients and remainders with up to four-digit dividends and one-digit divisors, using strategies based on place value understanding, the properties of operations, and/or the relationship between multiplication and division.

4.AR.D.7a Represent and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.

4.GL Geometric Reasoning & Logic

4.GL.A Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.

4.GL.A.1 Draw points, lines, line segments, rays, angles (right, acute, obtuse), and perpendicular and parallel lines. Identify these in two-dimensional figures.

4.GL.A.2 Classify two-dimensional figures based on the presence or absence of parallel or perpendicular lines, or the presence or absence of angles of a specified size.

4.GL.A.2a Recognize right triangles as a category, and identify right triangles.

4.GL.A.3 Recognize a line of symmetry for a two-dimensional figure as a line across the figure such that the figure can be folded along the line into matching parts. Identify line-symmetric figures and draw lines of symmetry.

4.DM Data Analysis & Measurement

4.DM.A Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements from a larger unit to a smaller unit.

4.DM.A.1 Know relative sizes of measurement units within one system of units, including ft, in; km, m, cm; kg, g; lb, oz; l, ml; hr, min, sec.

4.DM.A.1a Within a single system of measurement, express measurements in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit.

4.DM.A.1b Record measurement equivalents in a two-column table. (Conversions are limited to one-step conversions.)

4.DM.A.3 Apply the area and perimeter formulas for rectangles in real-world mathematical tasks.

4.DM.B Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic.

4.DM.B.4 Make a line plot to display a data set of measurements in fractions of a unit (1/2, 1/4, 1/8).

4.DM.B.4a Solve real-world mathematical tasks involving the addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators by using information presented in line plots.

4.DM.C Geometric measurement: understand concepts of angle and measure angles.

4.DM.C.5 Recognize angles as geometric shapes that are formed wherever two rays share a common endpoint, and understand concepts of angle measurement.

4.DM.C.5a An angle is measured with reference to a circle with its center at the common endpoint of the rays, by considering the fraction of the circular arc between the points where two rays intersect the circle.

4.DM.C.5b An angle that turns through 1/360 of a circle is called a "one-degree angle" and can be used to measure angles.

4.DM.C.5c An angle that turns through n one-degree angles is said to have an angle measure of n degrees.

4.DM.C.6 Measure angles in whole-number degrees using a standard 180° protractor.

4.DM.C.7 Recognize angle measure as additive. When an angle is decomposed into non-overlapping parts, the angle measure of the whole is the sum of the angle measures of the parts.

4.DM.C.7a Solve addition and subtraction real-world mathematical tasks to find unknown angles on a diagram.

4.DM.D Relate area to operations of multiplication and addition.

4.DM.D.8 Recognize area as additive.

4.NOF.B.3 Understand a fraction ^a/_b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions ¹/_b. (Denominators are limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.)

4.NOF.B.3c Evaluate the reasonableness of sums and differences of fractions using benchmark fractions, 0, ¹/₄, ¹/₂, ³/₄, 1, referring to the same whole.

4.NOF.B.5a Understand a fraction ^a/_b as a multiple of ¹/_b.

4.NOF.B.5b Understand a multiple of ^a/_b as a multiple of ¹/_b and use this understanding to multiply a fraction by a whole number.

4.DM.B.4 Make a line plot to display a data set of measurements in fractions of a unit (¹/₂, ¹/₄, ¹/₈).

4.DM.C.5b An angle that turns through ¹/₃₆₀ of a circle is called a "one-degree angle" and can be used to measure angles.