Wisconsin

SCI.LS1 Structures and Processes

• SCI.LS1 Students use science and engineering practices, crosscutting concepts, and an understanding of structures and processes (on a scale from molecules to organisms) to make sense of phenomena and solve problems.

  • SCI.LS1.A Structure and Function

    • SCI.LS1.A.h Systems of specialized cells within organisms help perform essential functions of life. Any one system in an organism is made up of numerous parts. Feedback mechanisms maintain an organism's internal conditions within certain limits and mediate behaviors.

      • Cells and cell theory (B-D.)
      • Identify functions of plant cell parts (B-D.1)
      • Identify functions of animal cell parts (B-D.2)
      • Plant cell diagrams: label parts (B-D.3)
      • Animal cell diagrams: label parts (B-D.4)
      • Organization in the human body: the heart and the circulatory system (B-F.1)
      • Homeostasis and feedback loops (B-F.2)

  • SCI.LS1.B Growth and Development of Organisms

    • SCI.LS1.B.h Growth and division of cells in organisms occurs by mitosis and differentiation for specific cell types.

      • Introduction to cell division (B-H.1)
      • The cell cycle (B-H.2)
      • Describe phases of mitosis and the cell cycle (B-H.3)
      • Identify phases of mitosis and the cell cycle in plant cells (B-H.4)

  • SCI.LS1.C Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms

    • SCI.LS1.C.h The molecules produced through photosynthesis are used to make amino acids and other molecules that can be assembled into proteins or DNA. Through cellular respiration, matter and energy flow through different organizational levels of an organism as elements are recombined to form different products and transfer energy.

      • Structure and function: carbohydrates (B-C.1)
      • Structure and function: lipids (B-C.2)
      • Structure and function: proteins (B-C.3)
      • Structure and function: nucleic acids (B-C.4)
      • Identify the structures and functions of biomolecules (B-C.5)
      • Compare the structures and functions of biomolecules (B-C.6)
      • The chemistry of photosynthesis (B-G.1)
      • The chemistry of cellular respiration (B-G.2)

  • SCI.LS1.D Information Processing

    • SCI.LS1.D.h Organisms can process and store a variety of information through specific chemicals and interconnected networks.

SCI.LS2 Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics Within Ecosystems

• SCI.LS2 Students use science and engineering practices, crosscutting concepts, and an understanding of interactions, energy, and dynamics within ecosystems to make sense of phenomena and solve problems.

  • SCI.LS2.A Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems

    • SCI.LS2.A.h Ecosystems have carrying capacities resulting from biotic and abiotic factors. The fundamental tension between resource availability and organism populations affects the abundance of species in any given ecosystem. The combination of the factors that affect an organism's success can be measured as a multidimensional niche.

      • Patterns of population growth (B-O.4)
      • Factors affecting carrying capacity (B-O.)
      • Factors affecting Yellowstone bison population dynamics (B-O.)

  • SCI.LS2.B Cycles of Matter and Energy Transfer in Ecosystems

    • SCI.LS2.B.h Photosynthesis and cellular respiration provide most of the energy for life processes. Only a fraction of matter consumed at the lower level of a food web is transferred up, resulting in fewer organisms at higher levels. At each link in an ecosystem, elements are combined in different ways, and matter and energy are conserved. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are key components of the global carbon cycle.

      • Interpret a Serengeti food web (B-O.1)
      • Interpret an Antarctic food web (B-O.2)
      • Trophic levels and energy pyramids (B-O.)
      • The carbon cycle: biosphere processes and interactions (B-O.3)

  • SCI.LS2.C Ecosystem Dynamics, Functioning, and Resilience

    • SCI.LS2.C.h If a biological or physical disturbance to an ecosystem occurs, including one induced by human activity, the ecosystem may return to its more or less original state or become a very different ecosystem, depending on the complex set of interactions within the ecosystem.

      • Ecological succession (B-O.)
      • Kelp forests: factors affecting biodiversity (B-P.1)

  • SCI.LS2.D Social Interactions and Group Behavior

    • SCI.LS2.D.h Group behavior has evolved because membership can increase the chances of survival for individuals and their genetic relatives.

      • How can group behavior affect survival? Identify evidence to support a claim (B-O.5)

SCI.LS3 Heredity

• SCI.LS3 Students use science and engineering practices, crosscutting concepts, and an understanding of heredity to make sense of phenomena and solve problems.

  • SCI.LS3.A Inheritance of Traits

    • SCI.LS3.A.h DNA carries instructions for forming species' characteristics. Each cell in an organism has the same genetic content, but genes expressed by cells can differ.

      • Structure and function: nucleic acids (B-C.4)
      • Introduction to the genetic code (B-I.1)
      • Protein synthesis: transcription (B-J.)
      • Protein synthesis: translation (B-J.)
      • Read a codon wheel (B-J.1)
      • Read a codon table (B-J.2)
      • Use a codon wheel to transcribe and translate DNA sequences (B-J.3)
      • Use a codon table to transcribe and translate DNA sequences (B-J.4)
      • Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype (B-L.1)
      • Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive (B-L.2)
      • Punnett squares: Mendelian inheritance (B-L.3)
      • Punnett squares: incomplete dominance and codominance (B-L.4)
      • Punnett squares: multiple alleles (B-L.5)

  • SCI.LS3.B Variation of Traits

    • SCI.LS3.B.h The variation and distribution of traits in a population depend on genetic and environmental factors. Genetic variation can result from mutations caused by environmental factors or errors in DNA replication, or from chromosomes swapping sections during meiosis.

      • DNA replication (B-I.)
      • Gene mutations (B-J.)
      • Sexual reproduction and genetic variation: part I (B-K.1)
      • Sexual reproduction and genetic variation: part II (B-K.)

SCI.LS4 Biological Evolution

• SCI.LS4 Students use science and engineering practices, crosscutting concepts, and an understanding of biological evolution to make sense of phenomena and solve problems.

  • SCI.LS4.A Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity

    • SCI.LS4.A.h The ongoing branching that produces multiple lines of descent can be inferred by comparing DNA sequences, amino acid sequences, and anatomical and embryological evidence of different organisms.

      • Evaluate fossil evidence of evolution (B-M.1)
      • Evaluate anatomical and molecular evidence of evolution (B-M.2)

  • SCI.LS4.B Natural Selection

    • SCI.LS4.B.h Natural selection occurs only if there is variation in the genes and traits between organisms in a population. Traits that positively affect survival can become more common in a population.

      • Construct explanations of natural selection (B-M.3)

  • SCI.LS4.C Adaptation

    • SCI.LS4.C.h Evolution results primarily from genetic variation of individuals in a species, competition for resources, and proliferation of organisms better able to survive and reproduce. Adaptation means that the distribution of traits in a population, as well as species expansion, emergence, or extinction, can change when conditions change.

      • Source analysis: Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection (B-M.)
      • Construct explanations of natural selection (B-M.3)

  • SCI.LS1.D Biodiversity and Humans

    • SCI.LS4.D.h Biodiversity is increased by formation of new species and reduced by extinction. Humans depend on biodiversity but also have adverse impacts on it. Sustaining biodiversity is essential to supporting life on Earth.

      • Kelp forests: factors affecting biodiversity (B-P.1)