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Skills available for Rhode Island high school social studies standards

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1 Colonial North America

  • SSHS.USI.1.1 Indigenous peoples of North America

    • SSHS.USI.1.1 Analyze the diversity of Pre-Columbian Indigenous civilizations in North America

      • SSHS.USI.1.1.a Identify the locations of Indigenous groups across North America

      • SSHS.USI.1.1.b Analyze the similarities and differences between Indigenous groups (e.g., social norms, lifeways, use of natural resources)

      • SSHS.USI.1.1.c Explain interactions among Indigenous groups (e.g., cooperation, alliances, conflict), and analyze the ways interactions influenced cultural change over time

      • SSHS.USI.1.1.d Analyze similarities and differences across the cultures, government structures, and lived experiences of Indigenous peoples local to Rhode Island and their interactions with each other prior to the arrival of Europeans (e.g., Nahaganset (Narragansett), Wampanoag (Pokanoket, Mashpee, Aquinnah), Nehantick and Eastern Nehantick (Niantic), Pequot, Nipmuc, Massachuset, Mohegan, Manissean)

      • SSHS.USI.1.1.e Explain different ways we know and understand the past (e.g., oral traditions from Indigenous descendants, documentation from early explorers, historical records, archaeology), and analyze associated biases

  • SSHS.USI.1.2 The impact of European colonization on Indigenous life

    • SSHS.USI.1.2 Argue the ways that European colonization impacted the lifeways and populations of Indigenous peoples

      • SSHS.USI.1.2.a Explain the conditions and roles in the so-called Columbian Exchange, and argue who benefited from that situation (e.g., effects of disease on Indigenous populations, transplantation of plant and animal species)

      • SSHS.USI.1.2.b Explain the political interactions between Indigenous groups and English colonists, and argue who benefited from those interactions (e.g., alliances, trade, warfare - Bacon's Rebellion, Pequot War, King Philip's War)

      • SSHS.USI.1.2.c Explain the reasons for cultural change in Indigenous groups (e.g., effects on lifeways, access to resources), and analyze ways that Indigenous lifeways influenced European colonists

      • SSHS.USI.1.2.d Analyze the conditions of the enslavement of Narragansett people after King Philip's War and the system of indentured servitude of Indigenous people in New England colonies

      • SSHS.USI.1.2.e Argue the impact of mythmaking (e.g., Pocahontas and John Smith, the "First" Thanksgiving, Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson, Squanto)

  • SSHS.USI.1.3 Establishing the colonies

  • SSHS.USI.1.4 The emergence of the trans-Atlantic slave trade

    • SSHS.USI.1.4 Argue the impacts of the transformation of human beings into property and commodities within the Atlantic trading system and the emergence of chattel enslavement

      • SSHS.USI.1.4.a Explain the enslavement and resistance of African peoples, and argue whose interests enslavement served

      • SSHS.USI.1.4.b Explain the nature and conditions of the Triangle Trade, and analyze who profited and who did not

      • SSHS.USI.1.4.c Explain the nature and conditions of the Middle Passage, and analyze how it affected the participants

      • SSHS.USI.1.4.d Explain chattel slavery, and argue whose interests it served

      • SSHS.USI.1.4.e Explain Rhode Island's participation in the African slave trade, and argue who was complicit and who benefited

2 The Origins and Achievement of Independence

  • SSHS.USI.2.1 Establishing colonial economies governments

  • SSHS.USI.2.2 British imperial policies and colonial responses

    • SSHS.USI.2.2 Argue how British impositions after the Seven Years War led to opposition in the colonies

      • SSHS.USI.2.2.a Analyze the causes and conditions of the Seven Years War (e.g., frontier tensions, Indigenous alliances), and argue the impacts (e.g., British victory, loss of French territory, Indigenous hopes to stall British expansion)

      • SSHS.USI.2.2.b Explain the rationale for British taxation policies (e.g., British economic issues due to cost of Seven Years War, tensions over land), and analyze colonial reactions to those policies (e.g., petitions, boycotts, protests, riots)

      • SSHS.USI.2.2.c Analyze how colonial individuals and groups resisted British policies (e.g., Sons and Daughters of Liberty, spinning bees, Samuel Adams, Crispus Attucks), and argue the impact of their actions

      • SSHS.USI.2.2.d Analyze the efficacy of the ways Rhode Island colonists resisted British policies (e.g., Stamp Act Riot, Gaspee Affair)

      • SSHS.USI.2.2.e Explain the rationale for and actions of the Committees of Correspondence and the Continental Congresses and Rhode Island's role in each

  • SSHS.USI.2.3 Common Sense and the Declaration of Independence

    • SSHS.USI.2.3 Argue the impact of the intellectual and philosophical arguments presented for independence from Great Britain

  • SSHS.USI.2.4 People and events of the American Revolution

    • SSHS.USI.2.4 Argue the impacts of people and battles of the American Revolution on the course of the War

      • SSHS.USI.2.4.a Identify military personnel of the American Revolution (e.g., George Washington, Nathanael Greene), analyze their contributions, and argue their impacts on the War

      • SSHS.USI.2.4.b Explain the involvement of different social groups in the American Revolution (e.g., Black and Indigenous soldiers of the Rhode Island Black Regiment, female camp followers), analyze their contributions, and argue their impacts on the War

      • SSHS.USI.2.4.c Identify notable battles and events of the Revolutionary War and argue their impacts on the course of the War

      • SSHS.USI.2.4.d Explain Rhode Island's role in the Revolutionary War and the Battle of Rhode Island

      • SSHS.USI.2.4.e Analyze European involvement in the War, and argue how they impacted the course of the War

  • SSHS.USI.2.5 Effects of the American Revolution on society

    • SSHS.USI.2.5 Argue the impacts the outcomes of the Revolutionary War had on political, cultural, and economic life in North America

      • SSHS.USI.2.5.a Analyze the economic and geographic outcomes of the Revolutionary War, and argue who benefited from the American victory

      • SSHS.USI.2.5.b Analyze the effects of the Revolutionary War on social norms and structures

      • SSHS.USI.2.5.c Analyze the effects of the Revolutionary War on governmental practices, and argue who those practices benefited

      • SSHS.USI.2.5.d Explain gradual emancipation laws in northern colonies (e.g., Rhode Island's Gradual Emancipation Act of 1784, Pennsylvania's Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery of 1780), analyze the laws as a type of compromise, and argue who benefited from those laws

      • SSHS.USI.2.5.e Argue the ways the outcomes of the American Revolution are still relevant to today

3 The Constitution of the United States

4 The Politics of the Early Republic

  • SSHS.USI.4.1 The Constitution and different populations of society

    • SSHS.USI.4.1 Argue the impacts of the contradictions between the Constitution's guarantees of freedom and the realities of life for various populations of society in the Early National era

      • SSHS.USI.4.1.a Analyze women's status and rights in the Early Republic, and argue the benefits and drawbacks from multiple perspectives (e.g., women, men, society as a whole)

      • SSHS.USI.4.1.b Analyze the conditions of enslaved peoples during this time, and argue the benefits and drawbacks from multiple perspectives (e.g., the enslaved, enslavers, society as a whole $ndash; socially and economically)

      • SSHS.USI.4.1.c Analyze the nature and conditions of voting rights, and argue who benefited

      • SSHS.USI.4.1.d Analyze the constitutional implications for Indigenous peoples, and argue the benefits and drawbacks from multiple perspectives (e.g., Indigenous governments, Indigenous individuals, United States government)

  • SSHS.USI.4.2 Economic developments in the Early Republic Era

    • SSHS.USI.4.2 Argue how the United States established its economic independence following the American Revolution

      • SSHS.USI.4.2.a Analyze the range of economic issues after the Revolutionary War, and argue how those issues affected different groups differently

      • SSHS.USI.4.2.b Analyze the motivations and outcomes of establishing the Bank of the United States and argue who benefited of that action

      • SSHS.USI.4.2.c Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of expanding trade, and argue who benefited from that action

      • SSHS.USI.4.2.d Analyze the reasons for and outcomes of the Whiskey Rebellion, and argue who benefited from that event

  • SSHS.USI.4.3 Foreign policy and developments in the Early Republic Era

    • SSHS.USI.4.3 Argue the short- and long-term impacts of the United States' involvement in foreign affairs in the Early Republic

      • SSHS.USI.4.3.a Explain the rationale for and analyze the outcomes of U.S. involvement in the French and Haitian revolutions, and argue who benefited from that involvement

      • SSHS.USI.4.3.b Analyze the nature and conditions of U.S. foreign policy (e.g., John Jay's Treaty, Treaty of San Lorenzo / Pinckney's Treaty), and argue who benefited from those policies

      • SSHS.USI.4.3.c Analyze the effects of the Monroe Doctrine on U.S. foreign policy and how the doctrine has changed over time

  • SSHS.USI.4.4 The emergence of political parties

    • SSHS.USI.4.4 Argue the reasons for the growth of factionalism and political division in the Early Republic

      • SSHS.USI.4.4.a Explain the tenets of the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties, and analyze who they represented

      • SSHS.USI.4.4.b Explain rationales for and actions of political parties, analyze how those rationales and actions have changed, and argue who benefited from those actions

      • SSHS.USI.4.4.c Analyze the actions of political parties during the 1796 and 1800 elections, and argue their impacts on the elections

5 The Market Revolution and American Expansion

  • SSHS.USI.5.1 Territorial expansion of the United States

    • SSHS.USI.5.1 Argue the impact of the tactics used to expand the physical boundaries of the United States in the early 19th century

      • SSHS.USI.5.1.a Analyze Jefferson's views of and actions toward land acquisition, and argue who benefited

      • SSHS.USI.5.1.b Analyze the effects of the First Seminole War and Adams-Onis Treaty, and argue who benefited from those actions

      • SSHS.USI.5.1.c Explain the rationale for and results of Manifest Destiny, analyze Indigenous response and resistance, and argue who benefited (e.g., the Louisiana Purchase 1803, Spanish Florida 1810–1819, Texas Annexation 1845, Oregon Country from Great Britain 1846, Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo 1848, Gadsden Purchase 1853)

      • SSHS.USI.5.1.d Analyze the rationale for and outcomes of the Mexican War (e.g., Mexican freedom from Spain in 1821, Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo 1848, California Constitution 1849), and argue who benefited (e.g., effects on Mexican citizens, Indigenous response) from that action

  • SSHS.USI.5.2 Transformations of the Market Revolution

    • SSHS.USI.5.2 Argue the impacts of technological and financial developments and the expansion of markets in the Early Republic Era

      • SSHS.USI.5.2.a Analyze the rationale for, conditions of, and results of the Market Revolution, and argue who benefited from that situation

      • SSHS.USI.5.2.b Analyze the nature and conditions of capitalism, and argue who benefited from that system

      • SSHS.USI.5.2.c Analyze the nature and conditions of industrialization, and argue who benefited from that movement

      • SSHS.USI.5.2.d Analyze the nature and conditions of mechanization, and argue who benefited from that movement

      • SSHS.USI.5.2.e Explain Rhode Island's role in industry during this period

      • SSHS.USI.5.2.f Analyze the roles, conditions, and outcomes of immigrant participation in the United States economy (i.e., European and Asian immigrants), and argue who benefited

  • SSHS.USI.5.3 Meaning and impact of Jacksonian Democracy

    • SSHS.USI.5.3 Argue the impacts of the redefinition of democracy in the early 19th century

      • SSHS.USI.5.3.a Explain the nature of Jackson's political beliefs, and argue who benefited from those beliefs

      • SSHS.USI.5.3.b Analyze the nature and outcomes of Jacksonian Democracy, and argue who benefited from those outcomes

      • SSHS.USI.5.3.c Explain the rationale for the Second Party System, and argue who benefited from that approach

      • SSHS.USI.5.3.d Analyze the nature and outcomes of Jackson's treatment of Indigenous people, and argue who benefited from those outcomes

  • SSHS.USI.5.4 Effects of early industrialization on workers

    • SSHS.USI.5.4 Argue the impacts of the Industrial Revolution on the ways workers lived

      • SSHS.USI.5.4.a Analyze the characteristics of the Textile Revolution, and argue the impacts on different groups of people (e.g., women, enslaved people, immigrants, children) and who benefited from that situation

      • SSHS.USI.5.4.b Analyze the impetus for European migration to the United States and how that changed the demographics of workers

      • SSHS.USI.5.4.c Analyze the nature and conditions leading to corporations, and argue who benefited from that movement

      • SSHS.USI.5.4.d Analyze the nature, conditions, and outcomes of the American labor movement and how it has changed over time

  • SSHS.USI.5.5 Westward movement of white Americans

    • SSHS.USI.5.5 Argue the impacts of western expansion on Indigenous peoples, immigration, and reshaping the United States

      • SSHS.USI.5.5.a Analyze the rationale for and outcomes of white migration west, and argue who benefited

      • SSHS.USI.5.5.b Analyze the effects of the Gold Rush (e.g., on Indigenous peoples, on immigration of people from China, on the environment, on the economy), and argue who benefited

      • SSHS.USI.5.5.c Analyze the impact of governmental actions in removal of Indigenous groups (e.g., Trail of Tears, Indian boarding schools), and argue who benefited

      • SSHS.USI.5.5.d Analyze Indigenous resistance to white migration

      • SSHS.USI.5.5.e Explain Indigenous efforts to preserve and perpetuate their communities (e.g., religious practices, traditions surrounding food, clothing, art, ceremony)

  • SSHS.USI.5.6 Expansion of slavery and the lives of enslaved people

    • SSHS.USI.5.6 Argue the effects of the conditions under which enslaved people lived and struggled for freedom in the early 19th century

      • SSHS.USI.5.6.a Analyze the nature of slavery (e.g., types of labor, living accommodations, Slave Codes), and argue who benefited from that practice

      • SSHS.USI.5.6.b Analyze the relationship between cotton, U.S. expansion, and the expansion of slavery, and argue the impacts and who benefited

      • SSHS.USI.5.6.c Analyze governmental actions on expansion of slavery, and argue the impacts

      • SSHS.USI.5.6.d Analyze the relationship between slavery and the addition of new states (e.g., California, Missouri, Texas)

      • SSHS.USI.5.6.e Analyze the conditions and actions taken that led to the preservation and perpetuation of African traditions and people (e.g., music, clothing, religious beliefs)

      • SSHS.USI.5.6.f Analyze the efficacy of efforts to resist slavery (e.g., self-emancipation, slowing down work, destruction of property, Stono Rebellion 1739, Nat Turner's Rebellion 1831)

6 Competing Visions and Regionalism in Antebellum America

7 The Civil War and Reconstruction

  • SSHS.USI.7.1 Long-term causes of the Civil War

    • SSHS.USI.7.1 Argue how social, cultural, economic, and political pressures and differences led to the outbreak of civil war in the United States

  • SSHS.USI.7.2 Resources the North and South had at the start of the Civil War

    • SSHS.USI.7.2 Argue how the advantages and disadvantages that the North and South had at the start of the Civil War played a role in the outcome of the War

      • SSHS.USI.7.2.a Analyze components of industry and agriculture during this time period, and argue their impacts on the development of the Civil War

      • SSHS.USI.7.2.b Analyze the relative advantages and disadvantages of Union and Confederate military leadership and argue their impacts to the War

      • SSHS.USI.7.2.c Explain the distinctions between a war of offense and a war of defense

  • SSHS.USI.7.3 Roles of various individuals and groups in the Civil War

    • SSHS.USI.7.3 Argue the impact of the roles and experiences of the multitude of individuals and groups during the Civil War

      • SSHS.USI.7.3.a Explain the roles fulfilled by Black Americans during the Civil War (e.g., roles of Black regiments including the 14th Rhode Island Heavy Artillery Unit (Colored)), analyze their experiences and contributions, and argue the impacts of their efforts

      • SSHS.USI.7.3.b Explain the roles fulfilled by Indigenous Americans during the Civil War, analyze their experiences and contributions, and argue the impacts of their efforts

      • SSHS.USI.7.3.c Explain the roles fulfilled by women during the Civil War (e.g., Kady Brownell, Katharine Prescott Wormeley, Julia Ward Howe), analyze their experiences and contributions, and argue the impacts of their efforts

      • SSHS.USI.7.3.d Explain the roles fulfilled by immigrants during the Civil War, analyze their experiences and contributions, and argue the impacts of their efforts

  • SSHS.USI.7.4 The Emancipation Proclamation

    • SSHS.USI.7.4 Argue the effects the Emancipation Proclamation had on the Civil War as policy and propaganda

  • SSHS.USI.7.5 Leaders, decisive battles, and the reasons for Union victory

    • SSHS.USI.7.5 Argue the impact of military components, leaders, and battles, on the course and end of the Civil War

      • SSHS.USI.7.5.a Analyze the role and implications of the attack on Fort Sumter for the Civil War, and argue the impacts of the outcome

      • SSHS.USI.7.5.b Explain the roles of military leaders during the war (e.g., Abraham Lincoln, Ambrose Burnside, Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson), analyze their contributions, and argue their impacts on the War

      • SSHS.USI.7.5.c Analyze decisive battles (e.g., Antietam, Vicksburg), and argue their impacts on the course of the War

      • SSHS.USI.7.5.d Analyze the relevance of the battle of Gettysburg

  • SSHS.USI.7.6 Management of Reconstruction

    • SSHS.USI.7.6 Argue the impact of the conflict between the Reconstruction plans of Abraham Lincoln, the Radical Republicans, and Andrew Johnson

      • SSHS.USI.7.6.a Analyze the rationale for and components of Lincoln's approach to Reconstruction, and argue who benefited from that approach

      • SSHS.USI.7.6.b Analyze the rationale for and components of the Radical Republicans' plan for Reconstruction, and argue who benefited from that plan

      • SSHS.USI.7.6.c Explain the rationale for and analyze the outcome of the impeachment of Andrew Johnson

      • SSHS.USI.7.6.d Analyze the components and outcomes of Reconstruction, and argue who benefited from the approach

  • SSHS.USI.7.7 The effects of Reconstruction on Black Americans

    • SSHS.USI.7.7 Argue how Reconstruction affected Black Americans and the establishment of their lives after enslavement

      • SSHS.USI.7.7.a Analyze components and outcomes of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, and argue who benefited from those amendments

      • SSHS.USI.7.7.b Argue ways that the 15th Amendment was limited

      • SSHS.USI.7.7.c Analyze the reactions of Black Americans to the end of the Civil War

      • SSHS.USI.7.7.d Explain the importance of education for Black Americans after the Civil War, including roles of institutions such as the Freedmen's bureau and Rhode Island Association for Freedmen

      • SSHS.USI.7.7.e Analyze the components and outcomes of sharecropping, and argue who benefited from that practice