Alabama

Civics

• 1 Explain how rights and responsibilities for citizens are part of the American system of government.

  • 1a Describe the reasons for the settlement of the American colonies.

  • 1b Identify American principles found within the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.

• 2 Identify the three branches of government and describe their roles.

  • 2a Compare the state and national governments in respect to their powers, roles, and leaders.

    • State government (2-D.3)
    • Federal government (2-D.4)

• 3 Explain the voting process.

Economics

• 4 Explain the economic processes of production and distribution, including the roles of producers, consumers, goods, and services.

  • Goods and services (2-F.3)
  • Producers and consumers (2-F.4)

  • 4a Identify examples of imported and exported goods, including those produced within Alabama.

• 5 Explain how scarcity influences supply and demand.

  • Scarcity and choices (2-F.1)
  • Understand overall supply and demand (2)

• 6 Explain how Alabama's natural resources are utilized in its economy.

  • Natural resources (2-F.2)

Geography

• 7 Identify the seven continents, the five oceans, and the Equator shown on maps, globes, and satellite and digital images.

  • Identify oceans and continents (2-B.3)
  • Select oceans and continents (2-B.4)

• 8 Differentiate between the features of a physical map and a political map, and explain how these features contribute to the map's purpose.

• 9 Compare the physical characteristics of regions throughout the United States, including landforms.

  • 9a Describe regions of the state and nation, using vocabulary associated with geographical features of Earth, including bay, hill, island, mountain range, peninsula, plateau, and valley.

    • Introduction to Earth's land features (2-B.1)
    • Identify Earth's land features using photographs (2-B.2)

• 10 Identify cardinal and intermediate directions.

  • Introduction to cardinal directions (2-A.3)

  • 10a Utilize gridlines to find locations on a map.

    • Read a letter-number grid (2-A.1)
    • Use a letter-number grid (2-A.2)

History

• 11 Describe segments of time, including year, decade, and century.

• 12 Describe historical events and celebrations within the state and nation using primary and secondary sources.

  • Christmas (2-G.1)
  • Día de los Muertos (2-G.2)
  • Easter (2-G.3)
  • Hanukkah (2-G.4)
  • Holi (2-G.5)
  • Kwanzaa (2-G.6)
  • Lunar New Year (2-G.7)
  • Ramadan (2-G.8)
  • Rosh Hashanah (2-G.9)
  • Thanksgiving (2-G.10)

• 13 Explain how national historical figures and celebrations relate to fundamental democratic principles.

  • 13a Research and explain the importance of individual founders and significant figures who shaped the nation.

    • Benjamin Franklin (2-H.1)
    • George Washington (2-H.2)
    • Paul Revere (2-H.3)
    • Thomas Jefferson (2-H.4)
    • Davy Crockett (2-H.5)
    • John Deere (2-H.6)
    • Abraham Lincoln (2-H.7)
    • Frederick Douglass (2-H.8)
    • Harriet Tubman (2-H.9)
    • Susan B. Anthony (2-H.10)
    • Sitting Bull (2-H.11)
    • Thomas Edison (2-H.12)
    • Theodore Roosevelt (2-H.13)
    • George Washington Carver (2-H.14)
    • Amelia Earhart (2-H.15)
    • Thurgood Marshall (2-H.16)
    • Rosa Parks (2-H.17)
    • Jackie Robinson (2-H.18)
    • Cesar Chavez (2-H.19)
    • Martin Luther King Jr. (2-H.20)
    • Neil Armstrong (2-H.21)
    • Bill Gates (2-H.22)

  • 13b Describe the purpose and significance of commonly observed holidays, commemorations, and celebrations.

    • Christmas (2-G.1)
    • Día de los Muertos (2-G.2)
    • Easter (2-G.3)
    • Hanukkah (2-G.4)
    • Holi (2-G.5)
    • Kwanzaa (2-G.6)
    • Lunar New Year (2-G.7)
    • Ramadan (2-G.8)
    • Rosh Hashanah (2-G.9)
    • Thanksgiving (2-G.10)

  • 13c Describe the Alabama connections to national holidays, including Veterans Day and Martin Luther King, Jr. Day.

  • 13d Explain the history and significance of American symbols and monuments.

    • Identify American symbols, landmarks, and monuments (2-E.1)
    • The American flag (2-E.2)
    • The White House (2-E.3)
    • The Washington Monument (2-E.4)
    • The Lincoln Memorial (2-E.5)
    • The Statue of Liberty (2-E.6)
    • The Empire State Building (2-E.7)
    • The Golden Gate Bridge (2-E.8)
    • Mount Rushmore (2-E.9)

• 14 Explain how and why people have moved into and within the United States.

  • 14a Describe the experiences of groups that have migrated to and within the United States throughout history.

    • Sitting Bull (2-H.11)

• 15 Identify and summarize legends, stories, and songs that contributed to the cultural fabric of the United States.