Pennsylvania

Earth and Space Sciences

• Earth's Place in the Universe

  • 1 Use information from several sources to provide evidence that Earth events can occur quickly or slowly.

    • Classify changes to Earth's surface (2-P.1)
    • Find evidence of changes to Earth's surface (2-P.2)
    • Changes to Earth's surface: earthquakes (2-P.3)
    • Changes to Earth's surface: volcanic eruptions (2-P.4)
    • Changes to Earth's surface: erosion (2-P.5)

• Earth's Systems

  • 1 Compare multiple solutions designed to slow or prevent wind or water from changing the shape of the land.

    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-V.2)

  • 2 Develop a model to represent the shapes and kinds of land and bodies of water in an area.

    • Water on Earth (2-O.1)

  • 3 Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid.

    • Water on Earth (2-O.1)

Life Science

• Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

  • 1 Plan and conduct an investigation to determine if plants need sunlight and water to grow.

    • Classify fruits and vegetables as plant parts (2-K.1)
    • Identify plant parts and their functions (2-K.2)

  • 2 Develop a simple model that mimics the function of an animal in dispersing seeds or pollinating plants.

    • Pollinator: ruby-throated hummingbird (2-J.4)
    • Pollinator: Indian flying fox (2-J.5)
    • Pollinator: painted lady butterfly (2-J.6)
    • Seed disperser: Eurasian red squirrel (2-J.7)
    • Seed disperser: African elephant (2-J.8)
    • Seed disperser: common ostrich (2-J.9)
    • How do flowering plants make new plants? (2-K.4)

• Biological Evolution: Unity and Diversity

  • 1 Make observations of plants and animals to compare the diversity of life in different habitats.

    • Identify plants and animals (2-I.2)
    • Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians (2-I.3)
    • Identify animals with and without backbones (2-I.4)
    • Observe traits (2-L.1)
    • Observe and compare traits (2-L.2)
    • Introduction to adaptations (2-L.3)

• Matter and its Interactions

  • 1 Plan and conduct an investigation to describe and classify different kinds of materials by their observable properties.

    • Identify properties of an object (2-A.1)
    • Compare properties of objects (2-A.2)
    • Compare properties of materials (2-A.3)
    • Classify matter as solid or liquid (2-B.1)
    • Identify solids and liquids (2-B.2)

  • 2 Analyze data obtained from testing different materials to determine which materials have the properties that are best suited for an intended purpose.

    • Compare properties of materials (2-A.3)
    • Identify materials in objects (2-A.4)

  • 3 Make observations to construct an evidence-based account of how an object made of a small set of pieces can be disassembled and made into a new object.

    • Identify multiple materials in objects (2-A.5)

  • 4 Construct an argument with evidence that some changes caused by heating or cooling can be reversed and some cannot.

    • Change-of-state diagrams: solid and liquid (2-C.1)
    • Change-of-state diagrams: liquid and gas (2-C.2)
    • Change-of-state diagrams: solid, liquid, and gas (2-C.3)
    • Heating, cooling, and changes of state: melting and freezing (2-C.4)
    • Heating, cooling, and changes of state: vaporizing and condensing (2-C.5)
    • Identify physical and chemical changes (2-E.1)

Environmental Literacy and Sustainability

• Agricultural and Environmental Systems and Resources

  • 1 Examine how people from different cultures and communities, including one's own, interact and express their beliefs about nature.

  • 2 Categorize ways people harvest, re-distribute, and use natural resources.

    • Natural resources (2-O.2)

• Environmental Literacy Skills

  • 1 Explain ways that places differ in their physical characteristics, their meaning, and their value and/or importance.

    • Identify Earth’s land features (2-O.3)

  • 2 Plan and carry out an investigation to address an issue in their local environment and community.

Technology and Engineering

• Applying, Maintaining, and Assessing Technological Products and Systems

  • 1 Analyze how things work.

  • 2 Identify and use everyday symbols.

    • Read a thermometer (2-N.1)

  • 3 Describe qualities of everyday products.

    • Identify properties of an object (2-A.1)
    • Compare properties of objects (2-A.2)
    • Identify materials in objects (2-A.4)
    • Identify multiple materials in objects (2-A.5)

• Core Concepts of Technology and Engineering

  • 1 Illustrate how systems have parts or components that work together to accomplish a goal.

  • 2 Safely use tools to complete tasks.

  • 3 Explain that materials are selected for use because they possess desirable properties and characteristics.

    • Compare properties of materials (2-A.3)

  • 4 Develop a plan in order to complete a task.

  • 5 Collaborate effectively as a member of a team.

• Design in Technology and Engineering Education

  • 1 Apply design concepts, principles, and processes through play and exploration.

  • 2 Demonstrate that designs have requirements.

  • 3 Explain that design is a response to wants and needs.

  • 4 Discuss that all designs have different characteristics that can be described.

  • 5 Illustrate that there are different solutions to a design and that none are perfect.

  • 6 Demonstrate essential skills of the engineering design process.

  • 7 Apply skills necessary for making in design.

• History of Technology

  • 1 Discuss how the way people live and work has changed throughout history because of technology.

• Impacts of Technology

  • 1 Explain ways that technology helps with everyday tasks.

  • 2 Illustrate helpful and harmful effects of technology.

  • 3 Compare simple technologies to evaluate their impacts.

  • 4 Select ways to reduce, reuse, and recycle resources in daily life.

  • 5 Design new technologies that could improve their daily lives.

• Influence of Society on Technological Development

  • 1 Explain the needs and wants of individuals and societies.

  • 2 Explore how technologies are developed to meet individual and societal needs and wants.

  • 3 Investigate the use of technologies in the home and community.

• Integration of Knowledge, Technologies, and Practices

  • 1 Apply concepts and skills from technology and engineering activities that reinforce concepts and skills across multiple content areas.

  • 2 Draw connections between technology and human experiences.

• Nature and Characteristics of Technology and Engineering

  • 1 Compare the natural world and human-made world.

    • Natural resources (2-O.2)

  • 2 Explain the tools and techniques that people use to help them do things.

  • 3 Demonstrate that creating can be done by anyone.

  • 4 Discuss the roles of scientists, engineers, technologists and others who work with technology.