Pennsylvania

3.1 Life Science

• From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes

  • 3.1.3.A Develop models to describe that organisms have unique and diverse life cycles but all have in common birth, growth, reproduction, and death.

    • Read animal life cycle diagrams (3-L.1)
    • Construct animal life cycle diagrams (3-L.2)
    • Compare stages of an animal's life cycle (3-L.3)
    • Compare different animals' life cycles (3-L.4)
    • Read and construct flowering plant life cycle diagrams (3-M.4)
    • How do flowering plants make new plants? (3-M.5)

• Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

  • 3.1.3.B Construct an argument that some animals form groups that help members survive.

    • Benefits of group behavior: North American caribou (3-L.5)
    • Benefits of group behavior: African wild dogs (3-L.6)
    • Benefits of group behavior: leaf-cutter ants (3-L.7)

• Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits

  • 3.1.3.C Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence that plants and animals have traits inherited from parents and that variation of these traits exists in a group of similar organisms.

    • Match offspring to parents using inherited traits (3-P.1)
    • Identify inherited and acquired traits (3-P.2)
    • Read a plant pedigree chart (3-P.4)
    • Read an animal pedigree chart (3-P.5)

  • 3.1.3.D Use evidence to support the explanation that traits can be influenced by the environment.

    • What affects traits? Use observations to support a hypothesis (3-N.2)
    • Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement (3-P.3)

• Biological Evolution: Unity and Diversity

  • 3.1.3.E Analyze and interpret data from fossils to provide evidence of the organisms and the environments in which they lived long ago.

    • Introduction to fossils (3-S.1)
    • Compare fossils to modern organisms (3-S.2)
    • Compare ancient and modern organisms: use observations to support a hypothesis (3-S.3)

  • 3.1.3.F Use evidence to construct an explanation for how the variations in characteristics among individuals of the same species may provide advantages in surviving, finding mates, and reproducing.

  • 3.1.3.G Construct an argument with evidence that in a particular habitat some organisms can survive well, some survive less well, and some cannot survive at all.

    • Introduction to adaptations (3-O.1)
    • Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks (3-O.2)
    • Animal adaptations: feet and limbs (3-O.3)
    • Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings (3-O.4)
    • Identify ecosystems (3-Q.1)
    • Describe ecosystems (3-Q.2)

  • 3.1.3.H Make a claim supported by evidence about the merit of a solution to a problem caused when the environment changes and the types of plants and animals that live there may change.

3.2 Physical Science

• Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions

  • 3.2.3.A Make and communicate observations and/or measurements of an object's motion to provide evidence that a pattern can be used to predict future motion.

  • 3.2.3.B Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence of the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object.

    • Identify pushes and pulls (3-G.1)
    • How do balanced and unbalanced forces affect motion? (3-G.2)
    • How do mass and force affect motion? (3-G.3)

  • 3.2.3.C Ask questions to determine cause and effect relationships of electric or magnetic interactions between two objects not in contact with each other.

    • Introduction to static electricity and charged objects (3-I.1)
    • Identify magnets that attract or repel (3-J.1)
    • Label magnets that attract or repel (3-J.2)
    • Compare strengths of magnetic forces (3-J.3)

  • 3.2.3.D Define a simple design problem that can be solved by applying scientific ideas about magnets.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)

3.3 Earth and Space Science

• Earth's Systems

  • 3.3.3.A Represent data in tables and graphical displays to describe typical weather conditions expected during a particular season.

    • Read a thermometer (3-T.1)
    • Compare temperatures on thermometers (3-T.2)
    • Collect and graph temperature data (3-T.3)
    • Use climate data to make predictions (3-T.7)
    • Use data to describe U.S. climates (3-T.8)
    • Use data to describe world climates (3-T.9)

  • 3.3.3.B Obtain and combine information to describe climates in different regions of the world.

    • What's the difference between weather and climate? (3-T.4)
    • Weather and climate around the world (3-T.5)
    • Weather or climate? Cite text (3-T.6)
    • Use climate data to make predictions (3-T.7)
    • Use data to describe U.S. climates (3-T.8)
    • Use data to describe world climates (3-T.9)

• Earth and Human Activity

  • 3.3.3.C Make a claim supported by evidence about the merit of a design solution that reduces the impacts of a weather-related hazard.

    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

3.4 Environmental Literacy and Sustainability

• Agricultural and Environmental Systems and Resources

  • 3.4.3-5.A Analyze how living organisms, including humans, affect the environment in which they live, and how their environment affects them.

    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent erosion (3-X.2)

  • 3.4.3-5.B Make a claim about the environmental and social impacts of design solutions and civic actions, including their own actions.

• Environmental Literacy Skills

  • 3.4.3-5.D Develop a model to demonstrate how local environmental issues are connected to larger local environment and human systems.

  • 3.4.3-5.G Investigate how perspectives over the use of resources and the development of technology have changed over time and resulted in conflict over the development of societies and nations.

• Sustainability and Stewardship

  • 3.4.3-5.C Examine ways you influence your local environment and community by collecting and displaying data.

  • 3.4.3-5.E Construct an argument to support whether action is needed on a selected environmental issue and propose possible solutions.

    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent erosion (3-X.2)

  • 3.4.3-5.F Critique ways that people depend on and change the environment.

    • Natural energy resources: coal and wind (3-U.)

3.5 Technology and Engineering

• Applying, Maintaining, and Assessing Technological Products and Systems

  • 3.5.3-5.A Use appropriate symbols, numbers and words to communicate key ideas about technological products and systems.

    • Abbreviate time and length units (3-Y.4)
    • Abbreviate mass and volume units (3-Y.5)

  • 3.5.3-5.B Examine information to assess the trade-offs of using a product or system.

    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

  • 3.5.3-5.C Follow directions to complete a technological task.

  • 3.5.3-5.N Identify why a product or system is not working properly.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)

• Impacts of Technology

  • 3.5.3-5.D Predict how certain aspects of their daily lives would be different without given technologies.

  • 3.5.3-5.E Explain why responsible use of technology requires sustainable management of resources.

  • 3.5.3-5.F Classify resources used to create technologies as either renewable or nonrenewable.

    • Natural energy resources: coal and wind (3-U.)

  • 3.5.3-5.G Describe the helpful and harmful effects of technology.

  • 3.5.3-5.K Judge technologies to determine the best one to use to complete a given task or meet a need.

    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

• Influence of Society on Technological Development

  • 3.5.3-5.H Determine factors that influence changes in a society's technological systems or infrastructure.

  • 3.5.3-5.J Explain how technologies are developed or adapted when individual or societal needs and wants change.

• Design in Technology and Engineering Education

  • 3.5.3-5.M Demonstrate essential skills of the engineering design process.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

  • 3.5.3-5.P Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of existing design solutions, including their own solutions.

    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

  • 3.5.3-5.Q Practice successful design skills.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent erosion (3-X.2)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

  • 3.5.3-5.R Apply tools, techniques, and materials in a safe manner as part of the design process.

  • 3.5.3-5.S Illustrate that there are multiple approaches to design.

    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent erosion (3-X.2)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

  • 3.5.3-5.T Apply universal principles and elements of design.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent erosion (3-X.2)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

  • 3.5.3-5.U Evaluate designs based on criteria, constraints, and standards.

    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent erosion (3-X.2)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

  • 3.5.3-5.V Interpret how good design improves the human condition.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent erosion (3-X.2)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

• Integration of Knowledge, Technologies, and Practices

  • 3.5.3-5.X Explain how various relationships can exist between technology and engineering and other content areas.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)

  • 3.5.3-5.DD Demonstrate how simple technologies are often combined to form more complex systems.

• Nature and Characteristics of Technology and Engineering

  • 3.5.3-5.I Design solutions by safely using tools, materials, and skills.

    • Read a thermometer (3-T.1)
    • Compare temperatures on thermometers (3-T.2)

  • 3.5.3-5.EE Explain how solutions to problems are shaped by economic, political, and cultural forces.

    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

  • 3.5.3-5.FF Compare how things found in nature differ from things that are human-made, noting differences and similarities in how they are produced and used.

    • Natural resources (3-U.3)

  • 3.5.3-5.GG Describe the unique relationship between science and technology, and how the natural world can contribute to the human-made world to foster innovation.

    • Natural energy resources: coal and wind (3-U.)

  • 3.5.3-5.HH Differentiate between the role of scientists, engineers, technologists, and others in creating and maintaining technological systems.

• Core Concepts of Technology and Engineering

  • 3.5.3-5.L Demonstrate how tools and machines extend human capabilities, such as holding, lifting, carrying, fastening, separating, and computing.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)

  • 3.5.3-5.O Describe requirements of designing or making a product or system.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)
    • Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding (3-X.3)
    • Identify the best design solution to prevent hurricane damage (3-X.4)

  • 3.5.3-5.W Describe the properties of different materials.

    • Compare properties of materials (3-A.3)
    • Identify materials in objects (3-A.4)
    • Identify multiple materials in objects (3-A.5)

  • 3.5.3-5.Y Identify the resources needed to get a technical job done, such as people, materials, capital, tools, machines, knowledge, energy, and time.

  • 3.5.3-5.Z Create a new product that improves someone's life.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)

  • 3.5.3-5.BB Illustrate how, when parts of a system are missing, it may not work as planned.

    • Solve problems using magnets (3-X.1)

  • 3.5.3-5.CC Describe how a subsystem is a system that operates as a part of another larger system.

• History of Technology

  • 3.5.3-5.AA Create representations of the tools people made, how they cultivated to provide food, made clothing, and built shelters to protect themselves.