South Carolina

F Foundations of Literacy

• ELA.F.4 Read and reread grade-appropriate texts with accuracy and expression at an appropriate rate to support comprehension.

  • ELA.4.F.4.2 Read a variety of texts orally and silently with accuracy, appropriate rate, expression, and intonation.

AOR Applications of Reading

• ELA.AOR.1 Evaluate and critique key literary elements that enhance and deepen meaning within and across texts.

  • ELA.4.AOR.1.1 Explain how setting and conflict cause characters to change and how conflict(s) contributes to plot development.

    • Use actions and dialogue to understand characters (4-C.1)
    • Identify story elements (4-I.2)

  • ELA.4.AOR.1.2 Determine and explain how figurative language impacts meaning and contributes to the reader's experience.

    • Sort sensory details (4-G.1)
    • Identify sensory details (4-G.2)
    • Identify similes and metaphors (4-H.1)
    • Determine the meanings of similes and metaphors (4-H.3)
    • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (4-H.4)
    • Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone (4-H.5)
    • Read poetry (4-N.3)
    • Determine the meaning of idioms from context: set 1 (4-EE.1)
    • Identify the meaning of idioms and adages: set 1 (4-EE.2)

• ELA.AOR.2 Evaluate and critique the development of themes and central ideas within and across texts.

  • ELA.4.AOR.2.1 Identify and explain an explicit or implied theme and how it is developed by key details in a literary text.

    • Determine the themes of myths, fables, and folktales (4-B.2)
    • Read poetry (4-N.3)

  • ELA.4.AOR.2.2 Identify and explain a stated or implied central idea and how it is developed by supporting details in an informational text.

    • Use key details to determine the main idea (4-A.1)
    • Determine the main idea of a passage (4-A.2)

• ELA.AOR.3 Evaluate how an author's choice of point of view or perspective shapes style and meaning within and across literary texts.

  • ELA.4.AOR.3.1.a Compare and contrast the point of view from which different stories are narrated, including the difference between first person and third person; and

    • Distinguish points of view (4-E.1)
    • Identify the narrative point of view (4-I.1)

  • ELA.4.AOR.3.1.b explain how different characters' perspectives impact a literary text.

• ELA.AOR.4 Evaluate and critique how an author's perspective and purpose shape style and meaning within and across informational texts.

  • ELA.4.AOR.4.1 Determine and explain how an author's purpose (e.g., what an author wants to answer, explain, or describe) is conveyed through the author's perspective.

    • Identify the purpose of a text (4-D.1)

• ELA.AOR.5 Evaluate and critique how an author uses words, phrases, and text structures to craft text.

  • ELA.4.AOR.5.1 Compare and contrast the structural elements of literary texts (e.g., narratives, dramas, and poems).

    • Identify story elements (4-I.2)
    • Label the rhyme scheme (4-L.1)
    • Identify elements of poetry (4-L.2)
    • Read drama (4-N.4)

  • ELA.4.AOR.5.2 Explain how basic text features contribute to meaning in an informational text; identify the text structures of problem and solution, chronological, and/or compare and contrast.

    • Determine the order of events in informational texts (4-F.1)
    • Compare and contrast in informational texts (4-F.2)
    • Match problems with their solutions (4-F.4)
    • Identify text structures (4-F.5)
    • Read graphic organizers (4-J.2)
    • Select and use text features (4-K.1)
    • Put the sentences in order (4-Q.1)

  • ELA.4.AOR.5.3 Explain an author's use of reasons and evidence to support a claim(s) in an informational text.

    • Identify supporting details in informational texts (4-U.5)

• ELA.AOR.6 Summarize and paraphrase text to support comprehension and understanding.

  • ELA.4.AOR.6.1 Summarize a text to enhance comprehension:

    • ELA.4.AOR.6.1.a include plot, theme, and relevant key details for a literary text; and

      • Determine the themes of myths, fables, and folktales (4-B.2)
      • Identify story elements (4-I.2)
      • Summarize a story (4-S.1)
      • Identify supporting details in literary texts (4-U.4)

    • ELA.4.AOR.6.1.b include a central idea and relevant supporting details for an informational text.

      • Use key details to determine the main idea (4-A.1)
      • Determine the main idea of a passage (4-A.2)
      • Organize information by topic (4-Q.3)
      • Identify supporting details in informational texts (4-U.5)
      • Identify and correct plagiarism (4-U.6)

• ELA.AOR.7 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases.

  • ELA.4.AOR.7.1 Determine or clarify the meaning of known, unknown, and multiple meaning words and phrases, choosing from an array of strategies:

    • ELA.4.AOR.7.1.a use context clues (e.g., definitions, examples, restatements) to determine the meaning of a word or phrase;

      • Determine the meanings of similes and metaphors (4-H.3)
      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (4-H.4)
      • Which definition matches the sentence? (4-DD.5)
      • Which sentence matches the definition? (4-DD.6)
      • Determine the meaning of idioms from context: set 1 (4-EE.1)
      • Determine the meaning of idioms from context: set 2 (4-EE.3)
      • Find words using context (4-GG.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (4-GG.2)
      • Use context to identify the meaning of a word (4-GG.3)
      • Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures (4-GG.4)
      • Use academic vocabulary in context (4-GG.5)

    • ELA.4.AOR.7.1.b consult print and digital reference materials to build and integrate background knowledge; and

    • ELA.4.AOR.7.1.c consult print and digital reference materials to find the pronunciation, part of speech, and to determine or clarify the precise meaning of words and phrases.

      • Order alphabetically based on the first letter (4-HH.1)
      • Order alphabetically based on the first two letters (4-HH.2)
      • Order alphabetically based on the first three letters (4-HH.3)
      • Order alphabetically: challenge (4-HH.4)
      • Use guide words (4-HH.5)
      • Use dictionary entries (4-HH.6)
      • Use dictionary definitions (4-HH.7)
      • Use thesaurus entries (4-HH.8)

• ELA.AOR.8 Analyze word relationships and nuances in word meanings within literary and informational texts.

  • ELA.4.AOR.8.1 Determine an author's use of words and phrases in grade-level literary, informational, and multimedia texts:

    • ELA.4.AOR.8.1.a distinguish between literal and nonliteral meanings of words and phrases (e.g., take steps);

    • ELA.4.AOR.8.1.b explain the meaning of commonly occurring similes, metaphors, and idioms, and

      • Identify similes and metaphors (4-H.1)
      • Determine the meanings of similes and metaphors (4-H.3)
      • Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone (4-H.5)
      • Read poetry (4-N.3)
      • Determine the meaning of idioms from context: set 1 (4-EE.1)
      • Identify the meaning of idioms and adages: set 1 (4-EE.2)

    • ELA.4.AOR.8.1.c demonstrate knowledge of relationships between words (e.g., synonyms and antonyms) to better understand each of the words.

      • Choose the synonym (4-CC.1)
      • Which sentence has the same meaning? (4-CC.2)
      • Find synonyms in context (4-CC.3)
      • Choose the antonym (4-CC.4)
      • Which sentence uses an antonym? (4-CC.5)
      • Find antonyms in context (4-CC.6)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (4-GG.2)
      • Use thesaurus entries (4-HH.8)

• ELA.AOR.9 Build and apply a range of academic vocabulary, as well as grade-level appropriate morphology to apply to reading, writing, and speaking.

  • ELA.4.AOR.9.1 Identify and use common Greek and Latin roots, base words, and affixes to determine the meaning of words in grade-appropriate content.

    • Determine the meaning of a word with pre-, re-, or mis- (4-Y.2)
    • Use the prefixes pre-, re-, and mis- (4-Y.3)
    • Determine the meaning of a word with -ful or -less (4-Y.4)
    • Determine the meaning of a word with -ly or -ness (4-Y.5)
    • Determine the meaning of a word with -able or -ment (4-Y.6)
    • Determine the meaning of a word with a suffix: review (4-Y.7)
    • Determine the meanings of words with prefixes and suffixes: review (4-Y.8)
    • Sort words with shared prefixes and suffixes by meaning (4-Y.9)
    • Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots (4-Z.1)
    • Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words (4-Z.2)
    • Use the meanings of words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (4-Z.3)
    • Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (4-Z.4)
    • Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots (4-Z.5)
    • Match words with Greek and Latin roots to their meanings (4-Z.6)

• ELA.AOR.10 Evaluate and critique multimedia presentations of a text or subject, including their impact on an audience.

  • ELA.4.AOR.10.1 Determine and explain how visuals (e.g., illustrations, photographs, maps) and/or multimedia elements (e.g., video, audio) contribute to the meaning of a print or non-print text.

    • Compare mythological illustrations (4-J.1)
    • Read graphic organizers (4-J.2)
    • Select and use text features (4-K.1)

R Research

• ELA.R.1 Use critical thinking skills to investigate, evaluate, and synthesize a variety of sources to obtain and refine knowledge.

  • ELA.4.R.1.1 Conduct short research for inquiry by:

    • ELA.4.R.1.1.a generating a question about a topic; and

      • Order items from most general to most specific (4-Q.2)

    • ELA.4.R.1.1.b examining a provided source.

  • ELA.4.R.1.2 Determine the credibility of a provided source.

    • Distinguish facts from opinions (4-U.1)

  • ELA.4.R.1.3 Determine which information is relevant to the topic.

    • Determine the main idea of a passage (4-A.2)
    • Distinguish facts from opinions (4-U.1)
    • Identify supporting details in literary texts (4-U.4)
    • Identify supporting details in informational texts (4-U.5)

  • ELA.4.R.1.4 Group related findings.

    • Order items from most general to most specific (4-Q.2)
    • Organize information by topic (4-Q.3)

  • ELA.4.R.1.5 Cite sources to avoid plagiarism.

    • Identify and correct plagiarism (4-U.6)

C Written and Oral Communications

• ELA.C.1 Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.

  • ELA.4.C.1.1 Write arguments to make a claim about a topic. When writing:

    • ELA.4.C.1.1.a introduce a topic and state an opinion about the topic;

      • Identify an author's statement of opinion (4-U.2)

    • ELA.4.C.1.1.b provide reasons supported by facts from a credible source(s); and

      • Distinguish facts from opinions (4-U.1)
      • Choose reasons to support an opinion (4-U.3)
      • Identify supporting details in literary texts (4-U.4)
      • Identify supporting details in informational texts (4-U.5)

    • ELA.4.C.1.1.c group ideas logically using transitional words and phrases; and

      • Use coordinating conjunctions (4-T.2)
      • Use subordinating conjunctions (4-T.3)
      • Choose the best transition (4-T.4)

    • ELA.4.C.1.1.d provide a concluding statement or section.

• ELA.C.2 Write informative/expository texts to analyze and explain complex ideas and information.

  • ELA.4.C.2.1 Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and provide information. When writing:

    • ELA.4.C.2.1.a introduce a topic clearly;

      • Choose the best topic sentence (4-R.1)

    • ELA.4.C.2.1.b develop the topic with facts, definitions, details, and/or quotes related to the topic;

      • Distinguish facts from opinions (4-U.1)
      • Choose reasons to support an opinion (4-U.3)
      • Identify supporting details in literary texts (4-U.4)
      • Identify supporting details in informational texts (4-U.5)
      • Identify and correct plagiarism (4-U.6)

    • ELA.4.C.2.1.c group related information into paragraphs and/or sections using transitional words and phrases to link ideas;

      • Organize information by topic (4-Q.3)
      • Use coordinating conjunctions (4-T.2)
      • Use subordinating conjunctions (4-T.3)
      • Choose the best transition (4-T.4)

    • ELA.4.C.2.1.d use precise language and vocabulary to inform or explain about the topic;

      • Shades of meaning with pictures (4-FF.1)
      • Describe the difference between related words (4-FF.2)
      • Positive and negative connotation (4-FF.3)
      • Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures (4-GG.4)

    • ELA.4.C.2.1.e use and explain information from a provided source(s); and

      • Identify and correct plagiarism (4-U.6)

    • ELA.4.C.2.1.f provide a concluding statement or section.

      • Choose the best concluding sentence (4-R.2)

• ELA.C.3 Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences using effective techniques.

  • ELA.4.C.3.1 Write narratives developing real or imagined experiences. When writing:

    • ELA.4.C.3.1.a establish a situation and setting;

    • ELA.4.C.3.1.b introduce a narrator and/or characters;

    • ELA.4.C.3.1.c organize a plot structure;

    • ELA.4.C.3.1.d use narrative techniques such as dialogue, descriptive language, and sensory details to develop events, setting, and characters;

      • Use actions and dialogue to understand characters (4-C.1)
      • Sort sensory details (4-G.1)
      • Identify sensory details (4-G.2)
      • Show character emotions and traits (4-V.1)
      • Add imagery to stories (4-V.3)
      • Punctuating dialogue (4-XX.6)

    • ELA.4.C.3.1.e use a variety of transitional words and phrases to sequence events; and

      • Put the sentences in order (4-Q.1)
      • Identify time-order words (4-T.1)
      • Use subordinating conjunctions (4-T.3)

    • ELA.4.C.3.1.f provide an ending that follows from the narrated experiences or events.

• ELA.C.4 Demonstrate command of standard English grammar and conventions when writing.

  • ELA.4.C.4.1 Write grammatically correct single and multi-paragraph compositions using a variety of sentence types and phrasing. When writing:

    • ELA.4.C.4.1.a capitalize nouns (historic periods, nationalities, languages) and proper adjectives;

      • Capitalizing proper adjectives, nationalities, and languages (4-VV.5)

    • ELA.4.C.4.1.b use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence and with dependent clauses;

      • Use coordinating conjunctions (4-T.2)
      • Create compound sentences (4-JJ.9)
      • Commas with compound and complex sentences (4)

    • ELA.4.C.4.1.c use frequently occurring nouns (compound); distinguish between and use frequently occurring pronouns (relative), adverbs (relative), verbs (helping and linking), and proper adjectives;

      • Form and use compound words (4-AA.3)
      • Identify relative pronouns (4-LL.9)
      • Use relative pronouns: who and whom (4-LL.10)
      • Use relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, and that (4-LL.11)
      • Identify main verbs and helping verbs (4-MM.3)
      • To be: use the correct form (4-OO.9)
      • To have: use the correct form (4-OO.10)
      • Choose between adjectives and adverbs (4-QQ.8)
      • Is the word an adjective or adverb? (4-QQ.9)
      • Capitalizing proper adjectives, nationalities, and languages (4-VV.5)

    • ELA.4.C.4.1.d identify and use simple appositive phrases;

    • ELA.4.C.4.1.e order adjectives within sentences according to conventional patterns;

      • Order adjectives (4-QQ.4)

    • ELA.4.C.4.1.f use prepositional phrases;

      • Identify prepositional phrases (4-RR.3)
      • Prepositions: review (4-RR.4)

    • ELA.4.C.4.1.g distinguish between frequently confused words (e.g., to, too, two; there, their, they're);

      • Homophones with pictures (4-DD.1)
      • Identify homophones (4-DD.2)
      • Use the correct homophone (4-DD.3)

    • ELA.4.C.4.1.h identify and revise sentence fragments and run-on sentences; and

      • Is it a complete sentence or a fragment? (4-JJ.5)
      • Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? (4-JJ.6)
      • Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? (4-JJ.7)
      • Order the words to create a sentence (4-JJ.10)

    • ELA.4.C.4.1.i consult print and multimedia sources to check and correct spelling.

      • Use guide words (4-HH.5)

• ELA.C.5 Revise writing to improve clarity and enhance style appropriate to audience, purpose, and task.

  • ELA.4.C.5.1 Improve writing by planning, revising, editing, and building on personal ideas and the ideas of others to strengthen writing.

    • Put the sentences in order (4-Q.1)
    • Order items from most general to most specific (4-Q.2)
    • Organize information by topic (4-Q.3)
    • Remove the sentence that does not belong (4-Q.4)
    • Revise the sentence using a stronger verb (4-V.2)
    • Add imagery to stories (4-V.3)
    • Create varied sentences based on models (4-W.1)
    • Correct errors with signs (4-X.1)
    • Is it a complete sentence or a fragment? (4-JJ.5)
    • Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? (4-JJ.6)
    • Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? (4-JJ.7)
    • Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns (4-KK.13)
    • Commas with a series (4-UU.1)
    • Commas with dates (4-UU.2)
    • Commas with the names of places (4-UU.3)
    • Commas with direct addresses (4-UU.4)
    • Commas with introductory words and phrases (4-UU.5)
    • Commas: review (4-UU.6)
    • Capitalizing the names of people and pets and titles of respect (4-VV.1)
    • Capitalizing days, months, and holidays (4-VV.2)
    • Capitalizing the names of places and geographic features (4-VV.3)
    • Capitalizing the names of historical events, periods, and documents (4-VV.4)
    • Capitalizing proper adjectives, nationalities, and languages (4-VV.5)
    • Capitalization: review (4-VV.6)
    • Punctuating dialogue (4-XX.6)

• ELA.C.6 Write independently and legibly for a variety of tasks and purposes.

  • ELA.4.C.6.1 Demonstrate fluent and legible cursive writing skills.

• ELA.C.7 Organize and communicate ideas through a range of formats to engage a variety of audiences.

  • ELA.4.C.7.1 Present information orally to report on a topic or text, tell a story, or recount an experience. When presenting:

    • ELA.4.C.7.1.a demonstrate appropriate speaking techniques (e.g., nonverbal cues, appropriate volume, and clear pronunciation) for a variety of purposes and audiences; and

    • ELA.4.C.7.1.b identify and use appropriate digital tools to enhance verbal communication with support from adults.

• ELA.C.8 Through collaboration, react and respond to information while building upon the ideas of others and respecting diverse perspectives.

  • ELA.4.C.8.1 Participate in structured discussions and collaborations about grade appropriate topics and texts:

    • ELA.4.C.8.1.a enter a conversation appropriately, listen actively to others, and ask and respond to questions to clarify thinking and express new ideas; and

    • ELA.4.C.8.1.b consider and reflect upon the ideas expressed during conversations.

• ELA.C.9 Evaluate and critique ideas and concepts interactively through listening and speaking.

  • ELA.4.C.9.1 Identify and explain a speaker's claim(s) and supporting reasons and evidence.

    • Identify an author's statement of opinion (4-U.2)
    • Identify supporting details in literary texts (4-U.4)
    • Identify supporting details in informational texts (4-U.5)