Utah

The Impacts of Geography and Human Interaction in North America

• Students will understand how geography had a major impact on the more than 500 tribes and over 50 million indigenous people living in North America prior to European exploration, as well as how it affected methods of exploration. They will evaluate how the Age of Exploration and early colonization opened the way for the global movement of ideas, innovations, foods, and values and how the world was affected in ways that we can still see today.

  • 5.1.1 Cite examples to illustrate how the physical geography of North America (for example, landforms, seasons, weather, bodies of water) influenced the lives of Native American tribal groups.

  • 5.1.2 Identify ideas, innovations, and contributions of Native Americans that have had a lasting impact on human civilization (for example, agriculture, respect for the earth and environment, inventions, fashion, art, government, language, medicines, ritual and ceremony).

  • 5.1.3 Use maps and primary/secondary sources to evaluate the push and pull factors that led to exploration and colonization of North America (for example, fleeing persecution, enslavement, economic advancement, indentured servitude, religious freedom/isolationism).

    • Jamestown: the early years (5-G.1)
    • Jamestown: growth of a colony (5-G.2)
    • Plymouth (5-G.3)
    • New England colonies: religion and government (5-H.1)
    • New England colonies: economy and conflict (5-H.2)
    • Middle colonies: founding and government (5-H.3)
    • Middle colonies: economy and society (5-H.4)
    • Southern colonies: founding and government (5-H.5)
    • Southern colonies: economy and slavery (5-H.6)

  • 5.1.4 Describe how conflicts over land, trade, and alliances sometimes arose during colonization in North America (for example, Bacon's Rebellion, King Philip's War, the French and Indian War).

    • Jamestown: the early years (5-G.1)
    • Jamestown: growth of a colony (5-G.2)
    • Plymouth (5-G.3)
    • The American Revolution: the Thirteen Colonies under British rule (5-I.1)

Road to Self-Government

• Students will examine British colonial policies that led colonists to becoming Loyalists, Patriots, or neutral leading up to the American Revolution. They will recognize how the actions of key individuals influenced the outcome of the Revolution. Students will explain how the colonists prevailed in gaining their independence and summarize significant ideas in the Declaration of Independence.

  • 5.2.1 Use primary sources to craft an argument representing different perspectives during the period leading to the American Revolution (for example, men and women who were Loyalists, Patriots, Native Americans, enslaved people).

    • New England colonies: economy and conflict (5-H.2)
    • The American Revolution: the Boston Tea Party (5-I.3)

  • 5.2.2 Summarize the most significant ideas found in the Declaration of Independence.

    • Source analysis: the Declaration of Independence (6-LL.4)

  • 5.2.3 Explain how the actions of key individuals and groups influenced the outcome of the American Revolution (for example, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, Benjamin Franklin, Mercy Warren, Alexander Hamilton, King George III, Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy, Marquis De Lafayette, Phillis Wheatley).

    • The American Revolution: the Thirteen Colonies under British rule (5-I.1)
    • The American Revolution: New British taxes (5-I.2)
    • The American Revolution: the Boston Tea Party (5-I.3)
    • The American Revolution: the rebellion begins (5-I.4)
    • The American Revolution: preparing for war (5-I.5)
    • The American Revolution: struggle for independence (5-I.6)
    • The American Revolution: turning the tide of the war (5-I.7)
    • The American Revolution: conclusion and aftermath (5-I.8)

  • 5.2.4 Use evidence from primary and secondary sources to craft an argument that explains how the American colonists prevailed over one of the world's most powerful empires.

    • The American Revolution: the Thirteen Colonies under British rule (5-I.1)
    • The American Revolution: New British taxes (5-I.2)
    • The American Revolution: the Boston Tea Party (5-I.3)
    • The American Revolution: the rebellion begins (5-I.4)
    • The American Revolution: preparing for war (5-I.5)
    • The American Revolution: struggle for independence (5-I.6)
    • The American Revolution: turning the tide of the war (5-I.7)
    • The American Revolution: conclusion and aftermath (5-I.8)

United States Government and Citizenship

• Students will demonstrate their understanding of the Constitution and its relevance in their lives, including the Bill of Rights, the branches of government, and how the Constitution has changed and been interpreted over time.

  • 5.3.1 Use examples from the Constitution to investigate and explain the development, general purpose, and significant foundational principles of the United States government (a compound constitutional republic), as well as earlier documents and philosophies used to help develop the Constitution (for example, the Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact, Articles of Confederation, Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy).

    • The Constitution (5-O.4)
    • The Bill of Rights (5-O.5)

  • 5.3.2 Apply the ideals found in the Preamble of the United States Constitution to historic and current events and issues.

  • 5.3.3 Explain why the Founders established a compound constitutional republic with three branches, and cite historic and current examples of checks and balances.

    • Local government (5-O.1)
    • State government (5-O.2)
    • Federal government (5-O.3)
    • The Constitution (5-O.4)
    • Checks and balances (5-O.6)

  • 5.3.4 Explain the significance of the Bill of Rights, and identify the impact of one of these amendments in history, a current event, and/or your daily life.

    • The Bill of Rights (5-O.5)

  • 5.3.5 Investigate how constitutional amendments are passed, and provide examples of how amendments to the Constitution have extended rights to groups originally denied protection under the Constitution (for example, women, enslaved people, immigrants, Black Americans, Native Americans).

    • Reconstruction (5-K.5)
    • The Constitution (5-O.4)
    • The Constitution: amendments (6-FF.2)

  • 5.3.6 Describe the civic duties members of American society have today (for example, voting, holding public office, jury duty).

    • Rights and responsibilities of active citizenship (6-HH.2)

19th Century–A Time of Change

• Students will analyze changes brought by Westward Expansion, the Industrial Revolution, and the movement of people. They will understand the effects of this expansion and movement on Native American people and the preservation of those communities while facing adversity. Students will examine how conflicts and division led to the United States Civil War and the lasting impacts of its outcome.

  • 5.4.1 Use evidence from multiple perspectives (for example, pioneers, 49ers, Black Americans, Chinese Americans, Native Americans, new immigrants, people experiencing religious persecution) to make a case for the most significant social, economic, and environmental changes brought about by Westward Expansion and the Industrial Revolution.

    • The Louisiana Purchase (5-J.1)
    • The Lewis and Clark Expedition (5-J.2)
    • Antebellum Period: economies of the North and South (5-J.5)
    • Antebellum Period: abolitionist and proslavery perspectives (5-J.6)
    • Antebellum Period: slavery and politics part I (5-J.7)
    • Antebellum Period: slavery and politics part II (5-J.8)

  • 5.4.2 Use primary sources to explain the driving forces for why people immigrated and emigrated during the 19th century, as well as the ways that movement changed the nation.

  • 5.4.3 Summarize the impacts of forced relocation and assimilation on Native American people and how they have preserved their communities in the face of such adversity.

  • 5.4.4 Use primary and secondary sources to compare how differences in economics, politics, and culture (for example, slavery, political and economic competition in Western territories) between the North and South led to the United States Civil War.

    • Antebellum Period: economies of the North and South (5-J.5)
    • Antebellum Period: abolitionist and proslavery perspectives (5-J.6)
    • Antebellum Period: slavery and politics part I (5-J.7)
    • Antebellum Period: slavery and politics part II (5-J.8)

  • 5.4.5 Explain how the actions of key individuals and groups influenced the outcome of the Civil War (for example, Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, Clara Barton, Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant, Stonewall Jackson, William Tecumseh Sherman, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Rose O'Neal Greenhow, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman).

    • The Civil War: the beginning of the war (5-K.1)
    • The Civil War: the First Battle of Bull Run to Gettysburg (5-K.2)
    • The Civil War: war tactics and the home front (5-K.3)
    • The Civil War: the end of the war (5-K.4)

  • 5.4.6 Use evidence from primary and secondary sources to craft an argument that explains how the United States of America prevailed over the Confederate States of America in the United States Civil War.

    • The Civil War: the beginning of the war (5-K.1)
    • The Civil War: the First Battle of Bull Run to Gettysburg (5-K.2)
    • The Civil War: war tactics and the home front (5-K.3)
    • The Civil War: the end of the war (5-K.4)

  • 5.4.7 Identify the Civil War's most important outcomes (for example, end of slavery, Reconstruction, expanded role of the federal government, industrial growth in the North), and explain how outcomes of the Civil War continue to resonate today.

    • The Civil War: the end of the war (5-K.4)
    • Reconstruction (5-K.5)

20th Century to Now

• Students will examine impactful conflicts, moments, movements, communities, and people of the 21st century. They will analyze the role of the United States as a world power and the effects of its territorial and colonial expansion.

  • 5.5.1 Compare the motivations for and desired outcomes of U.S. entry into two or more of the wars of the 20th and 21st centuries.

    • World War I: the road to war (5-L.1)
    • World War I: the war begins (5-L.2)
    • World War I: events of the war (5-L.3)
    • World War I: the road to peace (5-L.4)
    • World War II: lead-up to war in Europe, Asia (5-N.1)
    • World War II: global events (5-N.2)

  • 5.5.2 Compare the motivations for and desired outcomes of the entry of the United States into World War I and World War II.

    • World War I: the road to war (5-L.1)
    • World War I: the war begins (5-L.2)
    • World War I: events of the war (5-L.3)
    • World War I: the road to peace (5-L.4)
    • World War II: lead-up to war in Europe, Asia (5-N.1)
    • World War II: global events (5-N.2)

  • 5.5.3 Craft an evidence-based argument for why a particular event should be considered the most significant moment in United States history from 1900–now (for example, Stock Market Crash of 1929, Great Depression, Voting Rights Act of 1965, terrorist attack on 9/11, the launch of the Internet).

    • World War I: the road to war (5-L.1)
    • World War I: the war begins (5-L.2)
    • World War I: events of the war (5-L.3)
    • World War I: the road to peace (5-L.4)
    • The Great Depression: part I (5-M.1)
    • The Great Depression: part II (5-M.2)
    • The New Deal (5-M.3)
    • World War II: lead-up to war in Europe, Asia (5-N.1)
    • World War II: global events (5-N.2)

  • 5.5.4 Make an evidence-based claim about the role the United States should play as a world power and leader in solving current global problems.

Current National Issues and Potential Solutions

• Students will understand current national issues and explore their rights and responsibilities as citizens and residents of the United States.

  • 5.6.1 Investigate and report on current pressing issues facing the United States, and propose potential solutions that they can support (for example, raising awareness through digital media, energy and resource conservation, letter writing, fundraising).

  • 5.6.2 Evaluate the methods and impact of individuals and/or groups making positive changes in the United States today as models for civic engagement.

  • 5.6.3 Connect the causes and lasting effects of at least two social movements and their leaders in the 20th Century (for example, the Women's Suffrage Movement, labor unions, the Civil Rights Movement, child labor reforms).

  • 5.6.4 Research and summarize the accomplishments and contributions of a minority community in the United States today.