Alabama

Progressive Era and World War I

• 1 Summarize how important entrepreneurs and inventors shaped American society, and identify Alabamians who contributed to these innovations.

  • 1a Describe the emergence of new forms of economic activity in Alabama at the turn of the twentieth century, including the iron, steel, textile, and timber industries.

  • 1b Outline reasons for the growth of urban areas at the turn of the twentieth century, including Birmingham.

• 2 Describe Progressive Era political reforms in both the United States and Alabama.

  • 2a Summarize how women in Alabama participated in the suffrage movement prior to the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment.

  • 2b Describe how the Populist Movement influenced the creation of the 1901 Alabama Constitution and explain the effects of its adoption, including disenfranchisement of voters through literacy tests and poll taxes that affected both Black and White male small farmers and laborers.

  • 2c Identify and describe examples of prison reform, including the abolition of the convict-lease system and leadership of Julia Tutwiler.

• 3 Describe Progressive Era social reforms in both the United States and Alabama.

  • 3a Explain how legislation, individuals, and groups extended educational opportunities in Alabama.

  • 3b Summarize the role of labor unions and reformers in changing laws governing working conditions.

  • 3c Summarize Helen Keller's life and her contributions to disability rights.

• 4 Analyze the reasons for increased immigration to, and migration within, the United States and Alabama in the early twentieth century.

  • 4a Compare the experiences of immigrants who entered the United States through various ports of entry, including Ellis Island, Angel Island, and the southern border.

  • 4b Identify the economic and social conditions that led to the start of the Great Migration.

• 5 Summarize the primary causes and consequences of World War I.

  • 5a Identify and explain international events that led to the United States' entry into World War I.

    • World War I: the road to war (5-L.1)
    • World War I: the war begins (5-L.2)

  • 5b Identify the countries of the Triple Entente and Central Powers during World War I and locate them on a map.

    • World War I: the war begins (5-L.2)

  • 5c Describe the roles and contributions of Alabamians, including the 167th Infantry Regiment (4th Alabama), to the war effort during World War I.

  • 5d Locate Alabama military training camps, ammunition depots, and the Port of Mobile on a map and explain their role in World War I efforts.

Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, and New Deal

• 6 Identify the contributions of Alabamians to sports, film, and the arts during the early twentieth century, the Harlem Renaissance, and the Jazz Age.

  • 6a Explain how overcropping, the boll weevil, and low cotton prices affected farmers in Alabama.

• 7 Describe the economic developments in the United States during the Roaring Twenties that caused the 1929 stock market crash.

  • 7a Explain how the Great Depression impacted Alabamians and the nation, including increased labor tensions.

    • The Great Depression: part I (5-M.1)
    • The Great Depression: part II (5-M.2)

  • 7b Identify key characteristics of the Dust Bowl and the regions affected by it.

• 8 Analyze how the government-funded New Deal programs of President Franklin D. Roosevelt impacted American society.

  • 8a Identify the contributions of reformers during the New Deal, including Alabama political and civic leaders.

    • The New Deal (5-M.3)

  • 8b Identify and describe New Deal projects that helped bring relief to Alabama.

    • The New Deal (5-M.3)

World War II

• 9 Describe the reasons for the United States' entry into World War II and identify its contributions toward the defeat of the Axis powers.

  • 9a Compare totalitarianism and democracy as represented in the Axis and Allied powers prior to war in Europe.

    • World War II: lead-up to war in Europe, Asia (5-N.1)

  • 9b Explain the military contributions of Americans during World War II, including the achievements of the Tuskegee Airmen and Alabama Medal of Honor recipients.

    • World War II: global events (5-N.2)

  • 9c Explain the significance of major events in the war, including Pearl Harbor, internment of Japanese-Americans, D-Day, the Holocaust, Victory in Europe (VE) Day, the development and use of the atomic bomb, and Victory over Japan (VJ) Day.

    • World War II: global events (5-N.2)

• 10 Describe how Alabamians contributed to the war effort during World War II.

  • 10a Explain Alabama's contributions to military production during World War II.

  • 10b Locate military installations in Alabama during World War II on a map, including Redstone Arsenal, Camp Rucker (Fort Novosel), Fort McClellan, Craig Army Air Base, Brookley Field, Tuskegee Army Air Field, and major POW camps in Alabama.

  • 10c Explain how women and Black Alabamians sought and received new employment opportunities during World War II that were not previously available.

Mid-Twentieth Century, National Effects of World War II

• 11 Describe how the United States' economy grew and American culture changed after World War II.

  • 11a Identify Alabamians who contributed to the growth of American culture post-World War II into the 1970s.

  • 11b Describe the decline of farming and the growth of urban areas in Alabama after World War II.

• 12 Outline key events and campaigns of the Civil Rights Movement and identify significant organizations and their contributions within the Movement.

  • 12a Describe ways in which the Civil Rights Movement sought to create change.

    • Thurgood Marshall (5)
    • Rosa Parks (5)
    • Martin Luther King Jr. (5)

  • 12b Trace the chronology of civil rights events in Alabama and across the nation, and summarize how they impacted one another.

  • 12c Describe the contributions of Alabama leaders and foot soldiers of the Civil Rights Movement as well as other Alabamian supporters who aided their efforts.

    • Rosa Parks (5)
    • Martin Luther King Jr. (5)

  • 12d Summarize how opponents of the Civil Rights Movement in Alabama sought to limit its success.

  • 12e Identify Alabamians who contributed to concurrent civil rights movements in the United States during the decades following World War II.

    • Rosa Parks (5)
    • Martin Luther King Jr. (5)

Mid-Twentieth Century, International Effects of World War II

• 13 Summarize why the United States sought to contain communism during the Cold War, and locate major communist countries from the Cold War era on a map.

• 14 Describe how the United States' involvement in the Cold War influenced domestic and international events.

  • 14a Explain reasons for the United States' involvement in the Korean War and Vietnam War and describe the involvement of Alabamians in these conflicts.

  • 14b Describe how technological innovations boosted space exploration during the Space Race, including the role of Redstone Arsenal and the Marshall Space Flight Center.

    • Neil Armstrong (5)

1970s to Today

• 15 Trace the United States' military involvement in international conflicts since 1980, including those following the September 11 attacks.

• 16 Research and report on Alabama's economic contributions and participation in global markets from the mid-twentieth through twenty-first centuries.

• 17 State and defend a position regarding the benefits and drawbacks of technological advancements in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.

• 18 Identify political achievements and legislation nationally and within Alabama that have furthered the modern civil rights movement since 1970.