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Skills available for Alabama seventh-grade social studies standards

Standards are in black and IXL social studies skills are in dark green. Hold your mouse over the name of a skill to view a sample question. Click on the name of a skill to practice that skill.

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Alabama Course of Study (adopted in 2024): Grade 7 Alabama Course of Study (adopted in 2024): Grade 7
Alabama Course of Study: Civics Alabama Course of Study: Civics
Alabama Course of Study: Geography Alabama Course of Study: Geography
Literacy in History/Social Studies Grades 6-8 Literacy in History/Social Studies Grades 6-8

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Five Themes of Geography and Map Skills

1 Explain and demonstrate the use of map essentials, including direction, distance, legend, latitude, longitude, map type, projection, scale, and symbols.
- 1a Describe how geographic features and political entities are organized and labeled, including continents, countries, and oceans.
2 Analyze how human interaction with the environment, location, movement, place, and region affect cultural, economic, and social conditions for those living in a geographic area.

Pre-History and the Neolithic Revolution

3 Analyze how historians organize human history and events, including the use of calendars.
- 3a Describe multiple methods for organizing and labeling periods of time, including differentiating between the BC/AD and BCE/CE notations.
  - Reading and creating timelines with BCE and CE (7-VV.1)
4 Explain how artifacts and other archaeological findings provide evidence of the nature and movement of prehistoric groups of people.
- 4a Differentiate among primary, secondary, and tertiary sources in how they are used to study both history and geography.
  - Identify primary and secondary sources (7-UU.1)
- 4b Use maps to identify how climate and weather patterns, including the Ice Ages, affect the ways humans adapt within different geographic locations.
- 4c Predict causes and consequences of human migration, including push and pull factors.
  - Pre-contact Native peoples: introduction (7-CC.1)
5 Explain common patterns that emerged in the shift from hunter-gatherer societies to permanent settlements in different regions of the world, including types and sizes of settlements.
- 5a Analyze the influence of physical geography on the locations of the early agrarian societies, including the early river valleys settlements.
  - Compare ancient river civilizations: geography and society (7-R.1)
- 5b Describe the settlement patterns, shift in gender roles, and job specialization associated with the development of agrarian societies.
- 5c Describe the agricultural innovations that developed as a result of the Neolithic Revolution, including the domestication of plants and animals.
  - The Neolithic Period (7-M.1)

Ancient Civilizations in the Greater Mediterranean

6 Explain how technological innovations and the geographic features of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers contributed to the development of civilization in the Fertile Crescent.
- 6a Describe how agriculture, domestication of animals, inventions, irrigation, metalsmithing, and mining contributed to the settlement and growth of Mesopotamian civilizations.
  - Early Mesopotamia (7-N.1)
- 6b Analyze how advancements in agriculture in Sumer led to economic growth, expansion of trade and transportation, and the emergence of independent city-states.
- 6c Summarize the cultural and political innovations of Mesopotamia, including The Epic of Gilgamesh and Hammurabi's Code.
  - Mesopotamian empires (7-N.2)
7 Analyze the economic, political, and social structures of ancient Egypt.
- 7a Describe the role of the Nile River and Mediterranean Sea in supporting the economic and cultural growth of ancient Egypt.
- 7b Identify major technological and artistic achievements of ancient Egypt.
  - Ancient Egypt: the Old Kingdom (7-O.1)
- 7c Summarize the social structure and religious beliefs of ancient Egypt.
  - Ancient Egyptian religion (7-O.2)
- 7d Describe the achievement of key leaders of ancient Egypt and how these achievements helped grow the kingdom.
8 Explain the geographic and cultural development of ancient Israel.
- 8a Identify the central tenets of Judaism, and compare Judaism to the polytheistic religions of other Mediterranean ancient civilizations.
  - Origins of Judaism (7-T.1)
- 8b Describe the establishment of a unified Israel under Kings Saul, David, and Solomon.
- 8c Outline the multiple exiles of the Jewish people and their return to Israel, from the establishment of the nation through the Roman destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD/CE.

Ancient Civilizations in the Americas and Africa

9 Compare and contrast the economic and cultural structures of early African societies.
- 9a Explain how physical geography, including natural resources, contributed to the economic and cultural practices of early African societies.
  - The kingdoms of Kush (7-O.3)
- 9b Describe common tenets of indigenous religion practiced in Africa, including the beliefs of the Ashanti, Dogon, and Igbo religious traditions.
- 9c Describe how trade, including silent barter, facilitated exchange of economic practices, language, and culture across Africa from prehistory through the Iron Age.
10 Describe cultural and economic characteristics of early Indigenous peoples in North and South America, including civilizations in Mesoamerica, the Andes, and the Mississippi River Valley.
- 10a Identify locations and migration patterns of early Indigenous peoples on a map, including the Olmec and Woodland Period civilizations.
- 10b Compare and contrast the development of agriculture in the Americas with agricultural practices in other early civilizations.
  - Foundations of Inca civilization (7-BB.2)
  - Pre-contact Native peoples: introduction (7-CC.1)
- 10c Describe how religion, architecture, and politics intersected in early Indigenous civilizations, including the Maya civilization.

Ancient and Classical Civilizations in Asia

11 Trace the development and growth of societies in Southwest Asia, including the Assyrians, Phoenicians, and Persian Empire.
- Mesopotamian empires (7-N.2)
12 Analyze the development of civilization in South Asia from the settling of the Indus River Valley to the beginning of the Gupta Empire.
- 12a Summarize how Hinduism as well as a caste system emerged from different religious beliefs and schools of philosophy.
  - Origins of Hinduism (7-T.4)
- 12b Describe how geographic conditions in South Asia, including monsoons, and trade with neighboring regions contributed to the growth of civilization in the region.
  - The Indus Civilization (7-Q.1)
- 12c Trace the development of Buddhism, including the contributions of Emperor Ashoka, and explain how Buddhism influenced society in Classical India.
  - The Mauryan Empire (7-Q.2)
  - Origins of Buddhism (7-T.5)
13 Explain the emergence and consolidation of China from the Xia Dynasty along the Huang He River Valley through the fall of the Han Dynasty.
- 13a Compare and contrast the philosophies of Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism and explain how they influenced dynastic cycles, politics, and society in China.
  - Early Chinese thought (7-P.2)
  - The teachings of Confucius (7-P.6)
- 13b Trace the reunification of China from the Warring States period and the Qin Dynasty which led to China's Golden Age under the Han Dynasty.
  - The Qin Empire (7-P.3)
  - The Han Dynasty (7-P.4)
- 13c Describe the significance of Chinese technological advancements, including paper, gunpowder, the compass, and the seismograph.
  - Science and technology in early China (7-P.5)
- 13d Analyze how the establishment of the Silk Road fostered economic and cultural development across multiple continents.
  - The ancient Silk Road: geography and transportation (7-S.1)
  - The ancient Silk Road: goods and ideas (7-S.2)

Classical Greece and Rome

14 Summarize cultural contributions and legacies of Classical Greece, including architecture, arts, intellectual life, literature, politics, and science.
- 14a Explain the development of the polis and analyze how geography affected the process, including Athens and Sparta.
  - Classical Athens: geography and society (7-U.1)
- 14b Trace the development of Greek city-states' political systems, including democracy, that influenced the governments of modern nations.
- 14c Explain the influence of philosophers on Greek society, culture, and politics as well as their influence on modern thought.
- 14d Analyze the internal and external conflicts that played a role in Classical Greek society.
- 14e Describe the influence of Alexander the Great's empire, including the establishment of Hellenistic kingdoms, the diffusion of Greek culture, and its role in shaping Rome.
  - Alexander the Great (7-U.5)
15 Outline the key geographic, political, economic, and cultural elements of the Roman Republic.
- 15a Trace the growth of the Roman Republic, using a variety of thematic and political maps.
- 15b Explain the social and cultural outcomes of economic activities within the Mediterranean region, including the establishment of colonies that influenced each other culturally.
- 15c Analyze the social, political, and economic effects of the Punic Wars.
  - The Roman Republic: part II (7-V.5)
- 15d Summarize the influence of Roman legal and political systems on later societies.
  - Roman legacies (7-V.11)
- 15e Describe the internal and external factors that led to the eventual collapse of the Roman Republic.
  - Caesar and the end of the Roman Republic (7-V.6)
16 Trace the development of the Roman Empire, including the actions of Julius Caesar and the reigns of Augustus Caesar and the Five Good Emperors.
- 16a Explain Rome's shift from Republic to Empire, including economic, political, and geographic causes.
  - Augustus and the rise of the Roman Empire (7-V.7)
  - Pax Romana (7-V.8)
- 16b Describe the founding and development of Christianity, including the roles of Jesus of Nazareth and Paul of Tarsus, and how its spread was directly and indirectly influenced by the Roman Empire.
  - Origins of Christianity (7-T.2)
- 16c Summarize the economic, political, and social factors that led to the split and eventual fall of the Western Roman Empire.
  - The fall of the Western Roman Empire (7-V.9)

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Five Themes of Geography and Map Skills

1 Explain and demonstrate the use of map essentials, including direction, distance, legend, latitude, longitude, map type, projection, scale, and symbols.

1a Describe how geographic features and political entities are organized and labeled, including continents, countries, and oceans.

2 Analyze how human interaction with the environment, location, movement, place, and region affect cultural, economic, and social conditions for those living in a geographic area.

Pre-History and the Neolithic Revolution

3 Analyze how historians organize human history and events, including the use of calendars.

3a Describe multiple methods for organizing and labeling periods of time, including differentiating between the BC/AD and BCE/CE notations.

4 Explain how artifacts and other archaeological findings provide evidence of the nature and movement of prehistoric groups of people.

4a Differentiate among primary, secondary, and tertiary sources in how they are used to study both history and geography.

4b Use maps to identify how climate and weather patterns, including the Ice Ages, affect the ways humans adapt within different geographic locations.

4c Predict causes and consequences of human migration, including push and pull factors.

5 Explain common patterns that emerged in the shift from hunter-gatherer societies to permanent settlements in different regions of the world, including types and sizes of settlements.

5a Analyze the influence of physical geography on the locations of the early agrarian societies, including the early river valleys settlements.

5b Describe the settlement patterns, shift in gender roles, and job specialization associated with the development of agrarian societies.

5c Describe the agricultural innovations that developed as a result of the Neolithic Revolution, including the domestication of plants and animals.

Ancient Civilizations in the Greater Mediterranean

6 Explain how technological innovations and the geographic features of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers contributed to the development of civilization in the Fertile Crescent.

6a Describe how agriculture, domestication of animals, inventions, irrigation, metalsmithing, and mining contributed to the settlement and growth of Mesopotamian civilizations.

6b Analyze how advancements in agriculture in Sumer led to economic growth, expansion of trade and transportation, and the emergence of independent city-states.

6c Summarize the cultural and political innovations of Mesopotamia, including The Epic of Gilgamesh and Hammurabi's Code.

7 Analyze the economic, political, and social structures of ancient Egypt.

7a Describe the role of the Nile River and Mediterranean Sea in supporting the economic and cultural growth of ancient Egypt.

7b Identify major technological and artistic achievements of ancient Egypt.

7c Summarize the social structure and religious beliefs of ancient Egypt.

7d Describe the achievement of key leaders of ancient Egypt and how these achievements helped grow the kingdom.

8 Explain the geographic and cultural development of ancient Israel.

8a Identify the central tenets of Judaism, and compare Judaism to the polytheistic religions of other Mediterranean ancient civilizations.

8b Describe the establishment of a unified Israel under Kings Saul, David, and Solomon.

8c Outline the multiple exiles of the Jewish people and their return to Israel, from the establishment of the nation through the Roman destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD/CE.

Ancient Civilizations in the Americas and Africa

9 Compare and contrast the economic and cultural structures of early African societies.

9a Explain how physical geography, including natural resources, contributed to the economic and cultural practices of early African societies.

9b Describe common tenets of indigenous religion practiced in Africa, including the beliefs of the Ashanti, Dogon, and Igbo religious traditions.

9c Describe how trade, including silent barter, facilitated exchange of economic practices, language, and culture across Africa from prehistory through the Iron Age.

10 Describe cultural and economic characteristics of early Indigenous peoples in North and South America, including civilizations in Mesoamerica, the Andes, and the Mississippi River Valley.

10a Identify locations and migration patterns of early Indigenous peoples on a map, including the Olmec and Woodland Period civilizations.

10b Compare and contrast the development of agriculture in the Americas with agricultural practices in other early civilizations.

10c Describe how religion, architecture, and politics intersected in early Indigenous civilizations, including the Maya civilization.

Ancient and Classical Civilizations in Asia

11 Trace the development and growth of societies in Southwest Asia, including the Assyrians, Phoenicians, and Persian Empire.

12 Analyze the development of civilization in South Asia from the settling of the Indus River Valley to the beginning of the Gupta Empire.

12a Summarize how Hinduism as well as a caste system emerged from different religious beliefs and schools of philosophy.

12b Describe how geographic conditions in South Asia, including monsoons, and trade with neighboring regions contributed to the growth of civilization in the region.

12c Trace the development of Buddhism, including the contributions of Emperor Ashoka, and explain how Buddhism influenced society in Classical India.

13 Explain the emergence and consolidation of China from the Xia Dynasty along the Huang He River Valley through the fall of the Han Dynasty.

13a Compare and contrast the philosophies of Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism and explain how they influenced dynastic cycles, politics, and society in China.

13b Trace the reunification of China from the Warring States period and the Qin Dynasty which led to China's Golden Age under the Han Dynasty.

13c Describe the significance of Chinese technological advancements, including paper, gunpowder, the compass, and the seismograph.

13d Analyze how the establishment of the Silk Road fostered economic and cultural development across multiple continents.

Classical Greece and Rome

14 Summarize cultural contributions and legacies of Classical Greece, including architecture, arts, intellectual life, literature, politics, and science.

14a Explain the development of the polis and analyze how geography affected the process, including Athens and Sparta.

14b Trace the development of Greek city-states' political systems, including democracy, that influenced the governments of modern nations.

14c Explain the influence of philosophers on Greek society, culture, and politics as well as their influence on modern thought.

14d Analyze the internal and external conflicts that played a role in Classical Greek society.

14e Describe the influence of Alexander the Great's empire, including the establishment of Hellenistic kingdoms, the diffusion of Greek culture, and its role in shaping Rome.

15 Outline the key geographic, political, economic, and cultural elements of the Roman Republic.

15a Trace the growth of the Roman Republic, using a variety of thematic and political maps.

15b Explain the social and cultural outcomes of economic activities within the Mediterranean region, including the establishment of colonies that influenced each other culturally.

15c Analyze the social, political, and economic effects of the Punic Wars.

15d Summarize the influence of Roman legal and political systems on later societies.

15e Describe the internal and external factors that led to the eventual collapse of the Roman Republic.

16 Trace the development of the Roman Empire, including the actions of Julius Caesar and the reigns of Augustus Caesar and the Five Good Emperors.

16a Explain Rome's shift from Republic to Empire, including economic, political, and geographic causes.

16b Describe the founding and development of Christianity, including the roles of Jesus of Nazareth and Paul of Tarsus, and how its spread was directly and indirectly influenced by the Roman Empire.

16c Summarize the economic, political, and social factors that led to the split and eventual fall of the Western Roman Empire.