Idaho

HS-PSC-1 Structure and Properties of Matter

• HS-PSC-1.1 Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extended structures.

• HS-PSC-1.2 Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.

  • Count subatomic particles in atoms and ions (Ch-G.1)
  • Identify the electron configuration of an atom or ion (Ch-I.)
  • Periodic trends: Ionization energy (Ch-J.1)
  • Introduction to chemical bonding (Ch-K.1)
  • Determine which type of chemical bond can form (Ch-K.2)

• HS-PSC-1.3 Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the bulk scale to infer the strength of electrostatic forces between particles.

  • Explore intermolecular forces and kinetic energy in phase diagrams (Ch-N.1)

• HS-PSC-1.4 Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and the various modes of radioactive decay.

  • Classify nuclear reactions (Ch-H.1)

• HS-PSC-1.5 Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials.

HS-PSC-2 Chemical Reactions

• HS-PSC-2.1 Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties.

  • Classify chemical reactions (Ch-Q.1)

• HS-PSC-2.2 Develop a model to illustrate that the energy transferred during an exothermic or endothermic chemical reaction is based on the bond energy difference between bonds broken (absorption of energy) and bonds formed (release of energy).

  • Identify exothermic and endothermic processes (Ch-E.1)

• HS-PSC-2.3 Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs.

  • Factors that affect reaction rate (Ch-U.1)

• HS-PSC-2.4 Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the number and type of atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction.

  • Calculate molar mass (Ch-O.1)
  • Convert between mass and moles of a substance (Ch-O.2)
  • Count atoms in chemical reactions using models (Ch-P.1)
  • Count atoms in chemical equations (Ch-P.2)
  • Balance chemical equations I (Ch-P.3)
  • Determine mole ratios (Ch-R.1)
  • Calculate the mass of a reactant or product (Ch-R.2)
  • Calculate the volume of a gaseous reactant or product at STP (Ch-R.3)

HS-PSC-3 Energy

• HS-PSC-3.1 Ask questions to clarify the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model.

• HS-PSC-3.2 Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known.

  • Calculations involving specific heat (Ch-F.1)

• HS-PSC-3.3 Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motions of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects).

• HS-PSC-3.5 Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics).