Utah

CHEM.1 The Structure and Properties of Atoms

• CHEM.1.1 Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information regarding the structure of the atom on the basis of experimental evidence.

  • Count subatomic particles in atoms and ions (Ch-G.1)
  • Nuclear notation for atoms and ions (Ch-G.2)

• CHEM.1.2 Analyze and interpret data to identify patterns in the stability of isotopes and predict likely modes of radioactive decay.

• CHEM.1.3 Use mathematics and computational thinking to relate the rates of change in quantities of radioactive isotopes through radioactive decay (alpha, beta, and positron) to ages of materials or persistence in the environment.

• CHEM.1.4 Construct an explanation about how fusion can form new elements with greater or lesser nuclear stability.

• CHEM.1.5 Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.

  • Count subatomic particles in atoms and ions (Ch-G.1)
  • Identify the electron configuration of an atom or ion (Ch-I.)
  • Periodic trends: Ionization energy (Ch-J.1)
  • Introduction to chemical bonding (Ch-K.1)
  • Determine which type of chemical bond can form (Ch-K.2)

CHEM.2 The Structure and Properties of Molecules

• CHEM.2.1 Analyze data to predict the type of bonding most likely to occur between two elements using the patterns of reactivity on the periodic table.

  • Introduction to chemical bonding (Ch-K.1)
  • Determine which type of chemical bond can form (Ch-K.2)

• CHEM.2.2 Plan and carry out an investigation to compare the properties of substances at the bulk scale and relate them to molecular structures.

  • Identify the Lewis structure of a molecule or ion (Ch-M.1)
  • Explore intermolecular forces and kinetic energy in phase diagrams (Ch-N.1)

• CHEM.2.3 Engage in argument supported by evidence that the functions of natural and designed macromolecules are related to their chemical structures.

• CHEM.2.4 Evaluate design solutions where synthetic chemistry was used to solve a problem (cause and effect). Define the problem, identify criteria and constraints, analyze available data on proposed solutions, and determine an optimal solution.

CHEM.3 Stability and Change in Chemical Systems

• CHEM.3.1 Use mathematics and computational thinking to analyze the distribution and proportion of particles in solution.

  • Solve problems using solubility curves (Ch-T.1)

• CHEM.3.2 Analyze data to identify patterns that assist in making predictions of the outcomes of simple chemical reactions.

  • Classify chemical reactions (Ch-Q.1)

• CHEM.3.3 Plan and carry out an investigation to observe the change in properties of substances in a chemical reaction to relate the macroscopically observed properties to the molecular level changes in bonds and the symbolic notation used in chemistry.

• CHEM.3.4 Use mathematics and computational thinking to support the observation that matter is conserved during chemical reactions and matter cycles.

  • Calculate molar mass (Ch-O.1)
  • Convert between mass and moles of a substance (Ch-O.2)
  • Convert between volume and moles of a gas at STP (Ch-O.)
  • Count atoms in chemical reactions using models (Ch-P.1)
  • Count atoms in chemical equations (Ch-P.2)
  • Balance chemical equations I (Ch-P.3)
  • Determine mole ratios (Ch-R.1)
  • Calculate the mass of a reactant or product (Ch-R.2)
  • Calculate the volume of a gaseous reactant or product at STP (Ch-R.3)

• CHEM.3.5 Develop solutions related to the management, conservation, and utilization of mineral resources (matter). Define the problem, identify criteria and constraints, develop possible solutions using models, analyze data to make improvements from iteratively testing solutions, and optimize a solution.

• CHEM.3.6 Construct an explanation using experimental evidence for how reaction conditions affect the rate of change of a reaction.

  • Factors that affect reaction rate (Ch-U.1)

• CHEM.3.7 Design a solution that would refine a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased or decreased amounts of a product at equilibrium. Define the problem, identify criteria and constraints, develop possible solutions using models, analyze data to make improvements from iteratively testing solutions, and optimize a solution.

  • Predict the equilibrium shift (Ch-V.1)
  • Identify the stresses that cause an equilibrium shift (Ch-V.)

• CHEM.3.8 Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information regarding the effects of designed chemicals in a complex real-world system.

CHEM.4 Energy in Chemical Systems

• CHEM.4.1 Construct an argument from evidence about whether a simple chemical reaction absorbs or releases energy.

  • Identify exothermic and endothermic processes (Ch-E.1)

• CHEM.4.2 Construct an explanation of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter.

  • Properties of electromagnetic waves (Ch-I.)

• CHEM.4.3 Design a device that converts energy from one form into another to solve a problem. Define the problem, identify criteria and constraints, develop possible solutions using models, analyze data to make improvements from iteratively testing solutions, and optimize a solution.

• CHEM.4.4 Use models to describe the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom during nuclear processes, and compare the energy released during nuclear processes to the energy released during chemical processes.

  • Classify nuclear reactions (Ch-H.1)

• CHEM.4.5 Develop an argument from evidence to evaluate a proposed solution to societal energy demands based on prioritized criteria and trade-offs that account for a range of constraints that could include cost, safety, reliability, as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.