Utah

PHYS.1 Forces and Interactions

• PHYS.1.1 Analyze and interpret data to determine the cause and effect relationship between the net force on an object and its change in motion as summarized by Newton's Second Law of Motion.

  • Newton's laws of motion (Ph-F.1)
  • Newton's first law of motion (Ph-F.2)
  • Newton's second law of motion (Ph-F.3)

• PHYS.1.2 Use mathematics and computational thinking to support the claim that the total momentum of a system is conserved when there is no net force acting on the system.

  • Conservation of momentum (Ph-G.1)

• PHYS.1.3 Design a solution that has the function of minimizing the impact force on an object during a collision.

PHYS.2 Energy

• PHYS.2.1 Analyze and interpret data to track and calculate the transfer of energy within a system.

• PHYS.2.2 Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system.

  • Calculations involving specific heat (Ph-J.1)

• PHYS.2.3 Develop and use models on the macroscopic scale to illustrate that energy can be accounted for as a combination of energies associated with the motion of objects and energy associated with the relative positions of objects.

  • Conservation of mechanical energy (Ph-H.1)

• PHYS.2.4 Design a solution by constructing a device that converts one form of energy into another form of energy to solve a complex real-life problem.

• PHYS.2.5 Design a solution to a major global problem that accounts for societal energy needs and wants.

PHYS.3 Fields

• PHYS.3.1 Use mathematics and computational thinking to compare the scale and proportion of gravitational and electric fields using Newton's Law of Gravitation and Coulomb's Law.

  • Newton's law of universal gravitation (Ph-I.2)
  • Coulomb's law: electrostatic forces (Ph-P.1)

• PHYS.3.2 Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electric current causes a magnetic field and that a changing magnetic field causes an electric current.

  • Magnets and magnetism (Ph-R.1)

• PHYS.3.3 Analyze and interpret data to compare the effect of changes in position of interacting objects on electric and gravitational forces and energy.

• PHYS.3.4 Develop and use a model to evaluate the effects on a field as characteristics of its source and surrounding space are varied.

  • Coulomb's law: electrostatic forces (Ph-P.1)

PHYS.4 Waves

• PHYS.4.1 Analyze and interpret data to derive both qualitative and quantitative relationships based on patterns observed in frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media.

  • Waves on strings (Ph-L.1)
  • Properties of electromagnetic waves (Ph-N.1)

• PHYS.4.2 Engage in argument based on evidence that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model better explains interactions within a system than the other.

• PHYS.4.3 Evaluate information about the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by biological materials.

• PHYS.4.4 Ask questions and construct an explanation about the stability of digital transmission and storage of information and their impacts on society.

• PHYS.4.5 Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about how devices use the principles of electromagnetic radiation and their interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy.