Virginia

Skills

• 2 The student will apply history and social science skills to the content by

  • a viewing and exploring information sources, including, but not limited to artifacts, primary and secondary sources, charts, graphs, and diagrams;

  • b applying geographic skills to identify and understand geographic features and connections;

    • Read a letter-number grid (2-A.1)
    • Use a letter-number grid (2-A.2)
    • Introduction to cardinal directions (2-A.3)
    • Read a map: cardinal directions (2-A.4)
    • Use a map key (2-A.5)
    • Introduction to Earth's land features (2-B.1)
    • Identify Earth's land features using photographs (2-B.2)
    • Identify oceans and continents (2-B.3)
    • Select oceans and continents (2-B.4)
    • Name oceans and continents (2-B.5)

  • c demonstrating curiosity and critical thinking through questioning and drawing conclusions;

    • Purpose of government (2-D.1)

  • d sequencing and organizing information;

  • e identifying similarities and differences to clarify and explain content;

    • Identify urban, suburban, and rural areas (2-C.2)
    • Compare urban, suburban, and rural areas (2-C.3)
    • Identify American symbols, landmarks, and monuments (2-E.1)
    • The American flag (2-E.2)
    • The Statue of Liberty (2-E.6)
    • The Empire State Building (2-E.7)
    • The Golden Gate Bridge (2-E.8)

  • f recognizing cause-and-effect relationships;

    • Scarcity and choices (2-F.1)

  • g using economic decision-making models to make informed economic decisions;

    • Scarcity and choices (2-F.1)
    • Natural resources (2-F.2)
    • Goods and services (2-F.3)
    • Producers and consumers (2-F.4)

  • h practicing civility, respect, hard work, honesty, trustworthiness, and responsible citizenship skills; and

  • i using content vocabulary to demonstrate comprehension.

    • Read a letter-number grid (2-A.1)
    • Use a letter-number grid (2-A.2)
    • Introduction to cardinal directions (2-A.3)
    • Read a map: cardinal directions (2-A.4)
    • Identify urban, suburban, and rural areas (2-C.2)
    • Compare urban, suburban, and rural areas (2-C.3)
    • Scarcity and choices (2-F.1)
    • Natural resources (2-F.2)
    • Goods and services (2-F.3)
    • Producers and consumers (2-F.4)
    • Christmas (2-G.1)
    • Día de los Muertos (2-G.2)
    • Easter (2-G.3)
    • Hanukkah (2-G.4)
    • Holi (2-G.5)
    • Kwanzaa (2-G.6)
    • Lunar New Year (2-G.7)
    • Ramadan (2-G.8)
    • Rosh Hashanah (2-G.9)
    • Thanksgiving (2-G.10)
    • Benjamin Franklin (2-H.1)
    • Davy Crockett (2-H.3)
    • John Deere (2-H.4)
    • Abraham Lincoln (2-H.5)
    • Harriet Tubman (2-H.6)
    • Susan B. Anthony (2-H.7)
    • Sitting Bull (2-H.8)
    • Thomas Edison (2-H.9)
    • Theodore Roosevelt (2-H.10)
    • George Washington Carver (2-H.11)
    • Amelia Earhart (2-H.12)
    • Thurgood Marshall (2-H.13)
    • Rosa Parks (2-H.14)
    • Jackie Robinson (2-H.15)
    • Cesar Chavez (2-H.16)
    • Neil Armstrong (2-H.17)
    • Paul Revere (2-I.1)
    • Thomas Jefferson (2-I.2)
    • Frederick Douglass (2-I.3)
    • Martin Luther King Jr. (2-I.4)
    • Bill Gates (2-I.5)

Civics

• 2.1 The student will apply history and social science skills to distinguish between the rights and responsibilities that individuals have in the United States, including, but not limited to

  • a exercising freedom of expression;

  • b exercising freedom of religion;

  • c understanding equal protection;

  • d voting for local, state, and national representatives;

    • Local government (2-D.2)
    • State government (2-D.3)
    • Federal government (2-D.4)

  • e respecting and following laws;

    • Purpose of government (2-D.1)

  • f practicing honesty and trustworthiness; and

  • g respecting the rights, beliefs, and opinions of others.

• 2.2 The student will apply history and social science skills to understand citizenship by

  • a identifying the benefits of being an American citizen; and

    • Purpose of government (2-D.1)

  • b identifying the responsibilities of being an American citizen.

• 2.3 The student will apply history and social science skills to explain how communities honor local and national traditions and recognize designated Virginia holidays, including but not limited to

  • a Labor Day;

  • b Columbus Day (Yorktown Victory Day);

  • c Election Day;

  • d Veterans Day;

  • e Thanksgiving Day;

    • Thanksgiving (2-G.10)

  • f Christmas Day;

    • Christmas (2-G.1)

  • g New Year's Day;

  • h Martin Luther King, Jr. Day;

    • Martin Luther King Jr. (2-I.4)

  • i George Washington Day (commonly known as Presidents' Day);

  • j Memorial Day;

    • Memorial Day (1-D.10)

  • k Juneteenth; and

  • l Independence Day.

• 2.4 The student will apply history and social science skills to recognize state and national symbols, including, but not limited to

  • a locating the Virginia and United States capitals and Capitol buildings;

  • b explaining the meaning behind symbols, including, but not limited to the American flag, bald eagle, Washington Monument, Liberty Bell, and Statue of Liberty; and

    • Identify American symbols, landmarks, and monuments (2-E.1)
    • The American flag (2-E.2)
    • The White House (2-E.3)
    • The Lincoln Memorial (2-E.5)
    • The Statue of Liberty (2-E.6)
    • The Empire State Building (2-E.7)
    • The Golden Gate Bridge (2-E.8)
    • Mount Rushmore (2-E.9)

  • c learning about the meaning of the American flag and the words chosen in the Pledge of Allegiance and the National Anthem.

    • Pledge of Allegiance (1-B.4)
    • The American flag (2-E.2)

History

• 2.5 The student will use history and social science skills to identify the geographic location, use of resources, and contributions of Indigenous peoples past and present, including

  • a Indigenous nations and tribes of the Eastern Woodlands;

  • b Indigenous nations and tribes of the Plains;

    • Sitting Bull (2-H.8)

  • c Indigenous nations and tribes of the Southwest; and

  • d understanding Tribal Sovereignty, including but not limited to the importance of land, history, and culture.

    • Sitting Bull (2-H.8)

• 2.6 The student will use history and social science skills to identify the geographic location, use of resources, and contributions of European explorers, and their influence on the development of North America, including, but not limited to the English, French, and Spanish.

• 2.7 The student will apply history and social science skills to describe the revolutionaries who fought for America's freedom (1764–1781), including, but not limited to

  • a John Adams;

  • b Benjamin Franklin;

    • Benjamin Franklin (2-H.1)

  • c Alexander Hamilton;

  • d Patrick Henry;

  • e Thomas Jefferson;

    • Thomas Jefferson (2-I.2)

  • f James Madison ("Father of the Constitution");

  • g Paul Revere; and

    • Paul Revere (2-I.1)

  • h George Washington ("Father of our Country").

• 2.8 The student will apply history and social science skills to understand the principles of American democracy and relate them to the founding of the nation by

  • a identifying reasons for the settlement of the thirteen colonies;

  • b explaining the relationships between the colonies and Great Britain; and

  • c identifying key components of the Declaration of Independence.

• 2.9 The student will apply history and social science skills to understand key events in United States history including, but not limited to

  • a recognizing the reasons for moving the nation's capital from Philadelphia to Washington, D.C., and the importance of the nation's capital; and

  • b describing the impact of the Louisiana Purchase on the westward expansion of the United States.

• 2.1 The student will describe the contributions and roles of changemakers in United States history, including, but not limited to

  • a Scholars and Inventors: Benjamin Franklin, Benjamin Banneker, Thomas Jefferson, George Washington Carver, Booker T. Washington, Orville and Wilbur Wright, Steve Jobs, Jonas Salk, Thomas Edison, Alexander Graham Bell, and Mary Jackson;

    • Benjamin Franklin (2-H.1)
    • Thomas Edison (2-H.9)
    • George Washington Carver (2-H.11)
    • Thomas Jefferson (2-I.2)

  • b Explorers and Adventurers: Meriwether Lewis, William Clark, and Sacagawea, Neil Armstrong, Amelia Earhart;

    • Amelia Earhart (2-H.12)
    • Neil Armstrong (2-H.17)

  • c Reformers and Champions: Abraham Lincoln, Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt, Helen Keller, Thurgood Marshall, Rosa Parks, Jackie Robinson, Cesar Chavez, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Sen. Daniel Inouye, John F. Kennedy, and Barack Obama.

    • Abraham Lincoln (2-H.5)
    • Thurgood Marshall (2-H.13)
    • Rosa Parks (2-H.14)
    • Jackie Robinson (2-H.15)
    • Cesar Chavez (2-H.16)
    • Martin Luther King Jr. (2-I.4)

Geography

• 2.11 The student will apply history and social science skills to develop geographic mapping skills using world maps and globes by

  • a locating the countries of North America and the bordering oceans;

    • Identify oceans and continents (2-B.3)
    • Select oceans and continents (2-B.4)
    • Name oceans and continents (2-B.5)

  • b identifying major rivers, mountain ranges, lakes, and other physical features in the United States.

    • Introduction to Earth's land features (2-B.1)
    • Identify Earth's land features using photographs (2-B.2)

• 2.12 The student will apply history and social science skills to connect geography to landmarks and historic events, including, but not limited to

  • a Jefferson Memorial and Lincoln Memorial;

    • The Lincoln Memorial (2-E.5)

  • b Valley Forge and George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River; and

  • c Yellowstone National Park.

Economics

• 2.13 The student will apply history and social science skills to understand basic economic principles by

  • a identifying natural resources (e.g., water, soil, wood, coal), human resources (i.e., people at work), and capital resources (e.g., machines, tools, computers, buildings);

    • Natural resources (2-F.2)

  • b distinguishing between needs and wants;

    • Scarcity and choices (2-F.1)

  • c distinguishing between the use of barter and the use of money in the exchange for goods and services and describing how money makes trading easier than barter; and

    • Goods and services (2-F.3)
    • Producers and consumers (2-F.4)

  • d explaining that scarcity (limited resources) requires people to make choices about producing and consuming goods and services.

    • Scarcity and choices (2-F.1)
    • Natural resources (2-F.2)
    • Goods and services (2-F.3)
    • Producers and consumers (2-F.4)