Minnesota

1 Citizenship and Government

• Civic Skills

  • 1 Apply civic reasoning and demonstrate civic skills for the purpose of informed and engaged lifelong civic participation.

    • 4.1.1.1 Describe how consensus building is used to identify and respond to a community problem.

• Democratic Values and Principles

  • 2 Explain democratic values and principles that guide governments, societies and communities. Analyze the tensions within the United States constitutional government.

    • 4.1.2.1 Describe how democratic values including fairness, equality, justice, rule of law, freedom and/or individual rights guide and impact the classroom.

• Governmental Institutions and Political Processes

  • 4 Explain and evaluate processes, rules and laws of United States governmental institutions at local, state and federal levels and within Tribal Nations.

    • 4.1.4.1 Identify the major roles and responsibilities of elected and appointed leaders in the community, state and nation. Name some current leaders who function in these roles and explain how they are selected.

      • Local government (4-O.1)
      • State government (4-O.2)
      • Federal government (4-O.3)
      • Presidential elections (4-O.7)

• Public Policy

  • 5 Analyze how public policy is shaped by governmental and nongovernmental institutions. Analyze how people and communities take action to solve problems and shape public policy.

    • 4.1.5.1 Examine how identity shapes our perspectives about a local issue and describe ways particular community problems are addressed.

• Tribal Nations

  • 6 Evaluate the unique political status, trust relationships and governing structures of sovereign Tribal Nations and the United States.

    • 4.1.6.1 Locate areas inhabited by Indigenous people united by language and similar ways of life in North America and understand the impact of permanent tribal homelands on Indigenous people of Minnesota.

2 Economics

• Economic Inquiry

  • 7 Use economic models and reasoning and data analysis to construct an argument and propose a solution related to an economic question. Evaluate the impact of the proposed solution on various communities that would be affected.

    • 4.2.7.1 Explain how the limited supply of natural resources requires people to make decisions about resource use, and examine a specific resource use decision made in your community.

      • What is economics? (3-H.1)
      • Opportunity cost (4-R.3)

• Fundamental Economic Concepts

  • 8 Analyze how scarcity and artificial shortages force individuals, organizations, communities, and governments to make choices and incur opportunity costs. Analyze how the decisions of individuals, organizations, communities, and governments affect economic equity and efficiency.

    • 4.2.8.1 Explain how incentives can change people's decisions about resource use.

      • Costs and benefits (4-R.2)

• Microeconomics

  • 10 Explain and evaluate how resources are used and how goods and services are distributed within different economic systems. Analyze how incentives influence the decisions of consumers, producers, and governments. Evaluate the intended and unintended consequences of these decisions from multiple perspectives.

    • 4.2.10.1 Explain what it means for a resource to be productive and how productivity can increase.

      • Understand quantity supplied and quantity demanded (4-S.1)
      • Understand overall supply and demand (4-S.2)

    • 4.2.11.1 Explain how a nation's resources influence the goods and services it can produce and why people in different cultures, regions or countries may make different decisions about resource use.

3 Geography

• Geospatial Skills and Inquiry

  • 13 Apply geographic tools, including geospatial technologies, and geographic inquiry to solve spatial problems.

    • 4.3.13.1 Analyze both fixed and dynamic maps using the TODALSS criteria when investigating places from local to global scales.

      • Read a map: cardinal directions (4-I.1)
      • Identify lines of latitude and longitude (4-I.2)
      • Use lines of latitude and longitude (4-I.3)

    • 4.3.13.2 Ask spatial questions and acquire geographic sources from different perspectives to answer them.

• Places and Regions

  • 14 Describe places and regions, explaining how they are influenced by power structures.

    • 4.3.14.1 Use maps and concepts of location to identify and describe political features (states/territories, major cities, capitals) and recognize the Indigenous land these places were built on.

      • Read a map: cardinal directions (4-I.1)
      • Identify lines of latitude and longitude (4-I.2)
      • Use lines of latitude and longitude (4-I.3)
      • Identify states of the West (4-L.1)
      • Select states of the West (4-L.2)
      • Name states of the West (4-L.3)
      • Identify states of the Midwest (4-L.4)
      • Select states of the Midwest (4-L.5)
      • Name states of the Midwest (4-L.6)
      • Identify states of the Southeast (4-L.7)
      • Select states of the Southeast (4-L.8)
      • Name states of the Southeast (4-L.9)
      • Identify states of the Northeast (4-L.10)
      • Select states of the Northeast (4-L.11)
      • Name states of the Northeast (4-L.12)
      • Identify the 50 states (4-L.13)
      • Select the 50 states (4-L.14)
      • Name the 50 states (4-L.15)
      • Identify state capitals of the West (4-M.1)
      • Name state capitals of the West (4-M.2)
      • Identify state capitals of the Midwest (4-M.3)
      • Name state capitals of the Midwest (4-M.4)
      • Identify state capitals of the Southeast (4-M.5)
      • Name state capitals of the Southeast (4-M.6)
      • Identify state capitals of the Northeast (4-M.7)
      • Name state capitals of the Northeast (4-M.8)
      • Identify the 50 state capitals (4-M.9)
      • Name the 50 state capitals (4-M.10)
      • Cities of the West (4-N.1)
      • Cities of the Midwest (4-N.2)
      • Cities of the Southeast (4-N.3)
      • Cities of the Northeast (4-N.4)
      • Major U.S. cities (4-N.5)

    • 4.3.14.2 Describe physical and human characteristics needed for different types of agricultural and energy production regions.

• Human-Environment Interaction

  • 16 Evaluate the relationship between humans and the environment, including climate change.

    • 4.3.16.1 Explain how changes in climate and choices humans make impact environments from local to global scales.

• Culture

  • 17 Investigate how sense of place is impacted by different cultural perspectives.

    • 4.3.17.1 Analyze how different perspectives have influenced decisions about where to locate and name places.

4 History

• Context, Change, and Continuity

  • 18 Ask historical questions about context, change and continuity in order to identify and analyze dominant and nondominant narratives about the past.

    • 4.4.18.1 Pose a question about an issue in the community and/or the contemporary world and investigate its history.

• Historical Sources and Evidence

  • 20 Investigate a variety of historical sources by: a) analyzing primary and secondary sources; b) identifying perspectives and narratives that are absent from the available sources; and c) interpreting the historical context, intended audience, purpose, and author's point of view of these sources.

    • 4.4.20.1 Compare and contrast two historical sources to investigate a contemporary issue and its historical roots.

• Causation and Argumentation

  • 21 Integrate evidence from multiple historical sources and interpretations into a reasoned argument or compelling narrative about the past.

    • 4.4.21.1 Create a timeline demonstrating a sequence of events related to a contemporary local or global issue.

      • Reading and creating timelines with BCE and CE (4-V.1)

5 Ethnic Studies

• Identity

  • 23 Analyze the ways power and language construct the social identities of race, religion, geography, ethnicity, and gender. Apply these understandings to one's own social identities and other groups living in Minnesota, centering those whose stories and histories have been marginalized, erased, or ignored.

    • 4.5.23.1 Investigate government responses to migration and immigration both locally and nationally.

    • 4.5.23.2 Explain the role that stereotypes and images based on race, religion, geography, ethnicity and gender play in the construction of an individual's/group's identity. Identify the implications associated with these stereotypes and images and how and why they may have changed over time.

      • Antebellum Period: abolitionist and proslavery perspectives (4-D.6)

• Ways of Knowing and Methodologies

  • 25 Use ethnic and Indigenous studies, methods, and sources in order to understand the roots of contemporary systems of oppression and apply lessons from the past that could eliminate historical and contemporary injustices.

    • 4.5.25.1 Identify the processes and impacts of colonization and examine how discrimination and the oppression of various racial and ethnic groups have produced resistance movements.

      • Jamestown: growth of a colony (4-A.2)
      • Plymouth (4-A.3)

    • 4.5.25.2 Identify examples of individuals or groups who have had an impact on world history. Explain how the actions of these individuals and groups have helped shape the world around them and the world today.

      • The War of 1812: causes (4-D.3)
      • The War of 1812: events and effects (4-D.4)
      • World War I: the road to war (4-F.1)
      • World War I: the war begins (4-F.2)
      • World War I: events of the war (4-F.3)
      • World War I: the road to peace (4-F.4)
      • World War II: lead-up to war in Europe, Asia (4-H.1)
      • World War II: global events (4-H.2)