Minnesota

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Skills available for Minnesota high school social studies standards

Standards are in black and IXL social studies skills are in dark green. Hold your mouse over the name of a skill to view a sample question. Click on the name of a skill to practice that skill.

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Minnesota Academic Standards (adopted in 2021): Citizenship and Government Minnesota Academic Standards (adopted in 2021): Citizenship and Government
Minnesota Academic Standards (adopted in 2021): United States History Minnesota Academic Standards (adopted in 2021): United States History
Minnesota Academic Standards: Citizenship and Government Minnesota Academic Standards: Citizenship and Government
Minnesota Academic Standards: United States History Minnesota Academic Standards: United States History

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1 Civic Skills

1 Democratic government depends on informed and engaged citizens who exhibit civic skills and values, practice civic discourse, vote and participate in elections, apply inquiry and analysis skills and take action to solve problems and shape public policy.
- 9.1.1.1.1 Demonstrate skills that enable people to monitor and influence state, local and national affairs.
- 9.1.1.1.2 Demonstrate the skills necessary to participate in the election process, including registering to vote, identifying and evaluating candidates and issues, and casting a ballot.
  - Political participation (CG-H.3)
- 9.1.1.1.3 Evaluate sources of information and various forms of political persuasion for validity, accuracy, ideology, emotional appeals, bias and prejudice.
- 9.1.1.1.4 Examine a public policy issue by defining the problem, developing alternative courses of action, evaluating the consequences of each alternative, selecting a course of action, and designing a plan to implement the action and resolve the problem.

2 Civic Values and Principles of Democracy

3 The United States is based on democratic values and principles that include liberty, individual rights, justice, equality, the rule of law, limited government, common good, popular sovereignty, majority rule and minority rights.
- 9.1.2.3.1 Analyze how constitutionalism preserves fundamental societal values, protects individual freedoms and rights, promotes the general welfare, and responds to changing circumstances and beliefs by defining and limiting the powers of government.
- 9.1.2.3.2 Identify the sources of governmental authority; explain popular sovereignty (consent of the governed) as the source of legitimate governmental authority in a representative democracy or republic.
- 9.1.2.3.3 Define and provide examples of foundational ideas of American government which are embedded in founding era documents: natural rights philosophy, social contract, civic virtue, popular sovereignty, constitutionalism, representative democracy, political factions, federalism and individual rights.
- 9.1.2.3.4 Analyze how the following tools of civic engagement are used to influence the American political system: civil disobedience, initiative, referendum and recall.
- 9.1.2.3.5 Analyze the tensions between the government's dual role of protecting individual rights and promoting the general welfare, the struggle between majority rule and minority rights, and the conflict between diversity and unity.

3 Rights and Responsibilities

4 Individuals in a republic have rights, duties and responsibilities.
- 9.1.3.4.1 Analyze the meaning and importance of rights in the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights and subsequent amendments; compare and contrast these with rights in the Minnesota Constitution.
  - Constitutional amendments (CG-C.3)
  - The Bill of Rights (CG-C.4)
- 9.1.3.4.2 Explain the scope and limits of rights protected by the First and Second Amendments and changes created by legislative action and court interpretation.
- 9.1.3.4.3 Explain the scope and limits of rights of the accused under the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments and changes created by legislative action and court interpretation.
  - The Bill of Rights (CG-C.4)
  - Supreme Court cases on the Bill of Rights (CG-F.2)
- 9.1.3.4.4 Explain the current and historical interpretations of the principles of due process and equal protection of the law; analyze the protections provided by the 14th Amendment.
- 9.1.3.4.5 Explain the responsibilities and duties for all individuals (citizens and non-citizens) in a republic.
  - Rights and responsibilities of active citizenship (CG-G.1)
5 Citizenship and its rights and duties are established by law.
- 9.1.3.5.1 Define the legal meaning of citizenship in the United States, describe the process and requirements for citizenship, and explain the duties of citizenship including service in court proceedings (jury duty) and selective service registration (males).
  - Rights and responsibilities of active citizenship (CG-G.1)
  - Immigration and naturalization (CG-G.2)
- 9.1.3.5.2 Describe the process of naturalization; explain the role of the federal government in establishing immigration policies.
  - The legislative branch (CG-D.1)

4 Governmental Institutions and Political Processes

6 The United States government has specific functions that are determined by the way that power is delegated and controlled among various bodies: the three levels (federal, state, local) and the three branches (legislative, executive, judicial) of government.
- 9.1.4.6.1 Explain federalism and the provisions of the United States Constitution which delegate to the federal government the powers necessary to fulfill the purposes for which it was established; distinguish between those powers and the powers retained by the people and the states.
- 9.1.4.6.2 Explain the purposes, organization, functions and processes of the legislative branch as enumerated in Article I of the United States Constitution.
  - The legislative branch (CG-D.1)
  - How a bill becomes a law (CG-D.2)
- 9.1.4.6.3 Explain the purposes, organization, functions and processes of the executive branch as enumerated in Article II of the United States Constitution.
  - The executive branch (CG-D.3)
  - Executive departments and independent agencies (CG-D.4)
- 9.1.4.6.4 Explain the purposes, organization, functions and processes of the judicial branch as enumerated in Article III of the United States Constitution.
  - The judicial branch (CG-D.5)
- 9.1.4.6.5 Describe the systems of enumerated and implied powers, separation of powers, and checks and balances.
  - Checks and balances (CG-D.6)
- 9.1.4.6.6 Evaluate the importance of an independent judiciary, judicial review and the rule of law.
  - Interpreting the Constitution (CG-C.5)
  - The judicial branch (CG-D.5)
- 9.1.4.6.7 Explain the powers and operations of the state of Minnesota government as defined in its Constitution and its relationship with the federal government.
- 9.1.4.6.8 Explain the powers and operations of local (county, city, school board, and township) government in Minnesota.
  - Introduction to state and local government (CG-E.1)
  - Identify levels and branches of government (CG-E.2)
- 9.1.4.6.9 Compare and contrast the budgets of the United States and Minnesota governments describing the major sources of revenue and categories of spending for each.
  - Government services and taxes (CG-J.3)
7 The primary purposes of rules and laws within the United States constitutional government are to protect individual rights, promote the general welfare and provide order.
- 9.1.4.7.1 Describe the purposes, types, and sources of laws and rules.
8 Public policy is shaped by governmental and nongovernmental institutions and political processes.
- 9.1.4.8.1 Evaluate the impact of political parties on elections and public policy formation.
- 9.1.4.8.2 Evaluate the role of interest groups, corporations, think tanks, the media and public opinion on the political process and public policy formation.
9 Free and fair elections are key elements of the United States political system.
- 9.1.4.9.1 Analyze how the United States political system is shaped by elections and the election process, including the caucus system and procedures involved in voting.
  - Presidential elections (CG-H.2)
  - Political participation (CG-H.3)

5 Relationships of the United States to Other Nations and Organizations

10 The United States establishes and maintains relationships and interacts with indigenous nations and other sovereign nations, and plays a key role in world affairs.
- 9.1.5.10.1 Explain how tribal sovereignty establishes a unique relationship between American Indian Nations and the United States government.
- 9.1.5.10.2 Evaluate the effectiveness of diplomacy and other foreign policy tools used by the United States government and other nations in historical or contemporary times.
  - Free trade and protectionism (CG-J.2)
- 9.1.5.10.3 Explain why governments interact in world affairs; describe how the United States government develops and carries out United States foreign policy, including treaty-making.
  - The executive branch (CG-D.3)
  - Free trade and protectionism (CG-J.2)
11 International political and economic institutions influence world affairs and United States foreign policy.
- 9.1.5.11.1 Describe how individuals, businesses, labor and other groups influence United States foreign policy.
- 9.1.5.11.2 Explain the role of international law in world affairs; evaluate the impact of the participation of nation states in international organizations.
12 Governments are based on different political philosophies and purposes; governments establish and maintain relationships with varied types of other governments.
- 9.1.5.12.1 Compare the philosophies, structures and operations of different types of governments in other countries with those in the United States.
  - Identify types of government (CG-A.2)
  - Economic systems (CG-J.1)

Minnesota

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1 Civic Skills

1 Democratic government depends on informed and engaged citizens who exhibit civic skills and values, practice civic discourse, vote and participate in elections, apply inquiry and analysis skills and take action to solve problems and shape public policy.

9.1.1.1.1 Demonstrate skills that enable people to monitor and influence state, local and national affairs.

9.1.1.1.2 Demonstrate the skills necessary to participate in the election process, including registering to vote, identifying and evaluating candidates and issues, and casting a ballot.

9.1.1.1.3 Evaluate sources of information and various forms of political persuasion for validity, accuracy, ideology, emotional appeals, bias and prejudice.

9.1.1.1.4 Examine a public policy issue by defining the problem, developing alternative courses of action, evaluating the consequences of each alternative, selecting a course of action, and designing a plan to implement the action and resolve the problem.

2 Civic Values and Principles of Democracy

3 The United States is based on democratic values and principles that include liberty, individual rights, justice, equality, the rule of law, limited government, common good, popular sovereignty, majority rule and minority rights.

9.1.2.3.1 Analyze how constitutionalism preserves fundamental societal values, protects individual freedoms and rights, promotes the general welfare, and responds to changing circumstances and beliefs by defining and limiting the powers of government.

9.1.2.3.2 Identify the sources of governmental authority; explain popular sovereignty (consent of the governed) as the source of legitimate governmental authority in a representative democracy or republic.

9.1.2.3.4 Analyze how the following tools of civic engagement are used to influence the American political system: civil disobedience, initiative, referendum and recall.

9.1.2.3.5 Analyze the tensions between the government's dual role of protecting individual rights and promoting the general welfare, the struggle between majority rule and minority rights, and the conflict between diversity and unity.

3 Rights and Responsibilities

4 Individuals in a republic have rights, duties and responsibilities.

9.1.3.4.1 Analyze the meaning and importance of rights in the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights and subsequent amendments; compare and contrast these with rights in the Minnesota Constitution.

9.1.3.4.2 Explain the scope and limits of rights protected by the First and Second Amendments and changes created by legislative action and court interpretation.

9.1.3.4.3 Explain the scope and limits of rights of the accused under the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments and changes created by legislative action and court interpretation.

9.1.3.4.4 Explain the current and historical interpretations of the principles of due process and equal protection of the law; analyze the protections provided by the 14th Amendment.

9.1.3.4.5 Explain the responsibilities and duties for all individuals (citizens and non-citizens) in a republic.

5 Citizenship and its rights and duties are established by law.

9.1.3.5.1 Define the legal meaning of citizenship in the United States, describe the process and requirements for citizenship, and explain the duties of citizenship including service in court proceedings (jury duty) and selective service registration (males).

9.1.3.5.2 Describe the process of naturalization; explain the role of the federal government in establishing immigration policies.

4 Governmental Institutions and Political Processes

6 The United States government has specific functions that are determined by the way that power is delegated and controlled among various bodies: the three levels (federal, state, local) and the three branches (legislative, executive, judicial) of government.

9.1.4.6.1 Explain federalism and the provisions of the United States Constitution which delegate to the federal government the powers necessary to fulfill the purposes for which it was established; distinguish between those powers and the powers retained by the people and the states.

9.1.4.6.2 Explain the purposes, organization, functions and processes of the legislative branch as enumerated in Article I of the United States Constitution.

9.1.4.6.3 Explain the purposes, organization, functions and processes of the executive branch as enumerated in Article II of the United States Constitution.

9.1.4.6.4 Explain the purposes, organization, functions and processes of the judicial branch as enumerated in Article III of the United States Constitution.

9.1.4.6.5 Describe the systems of enumerated and implied powers, separation of powers, and checks and balances.

9.1.4.6.6 Evaluate the importance of an independent judiciary, judicial review and the rule of law.

9.1.4.6.7 Explain the powers and operations of the state of Minnesota government as defined in its Constitution and its relationship with the federal government.

9.1.4.6.8 Explain the powers and operations of local (county, city, school board, and township) government in Minnesota.

9.1.4.6.9 Compare and contrast the budgets of the United States and Minnesota governments describing the major sources of revenue and categories of spending for each.

7 The primary purposes of rules and laws within the United States constitutional government are to protect individual rights, promote the general welfare and provide order.

9.1.4.7.1 Describe the purposes, types, and sources of laws and rules.

8 Public policy is shaped by governmental and nongovernmental institutions and political processes.

9.1.4.8.1 Evaluate the impact of political parties on elections and public policy formation.

9.1.4.8.2 Evaluate the role of interest groups, corporations, think tanks, the media and public opinion on the political process and public policy formation.

9 Free and fair elections are key elements of the United States political system.

9.1.4.9.1 Analyze how the United States political system is shaped by elections and the election process, including the caucus system and procedures involved in voting.

5 Relationships of the United States to Other Nations and Organizations

10 The United States establishes and maintains relationships and interacts with indigenous nations and other sovereign nations, and plays a key role in world affairs.

9.1.5.10.1 Explain how tribal sovereignty establishes a unique relationship between American Indian Nations and the United States government.

9.1.5.10.2 Evaluate the effectiveness of diplomacy and other foreign policy tools used by the United States government and other nations in historical or contemporary times.

9.1.5.10.3 Explain why governments interact in world affairs; describe how the United States government develops and carries out United States foreign policy, including treaty-making.

11 International political and economic institutions influence world affairs and United States foreign policy.

9.1.5.11.1 Describe how individuals, businesses, labor and other groups influence United States foreign policy.

9.1.5.11.2 Explain the role of international law in world affairs; evaluate the impact of the participation of nation states in international organizations.

12 Governments are based on different political philosophies and purposes; governments establish and maintain relationships with varied types of other governments.

9.1.5.12.1 Compare the philosophies, structures and operations of different types of governments in other countries with those in the United States.