Minnesota

History

• Context, Change, and Continuity

  • 18 Ask historical questions about context, change and continuity in order to identify and analyze dominant and nondominant narratives about the past.

    • 9.4.18.8 U.S. History Era 1: Indigenous Histories—Examine multiple Indigenous narratives about early North American history.

    • 9.4.18.9 U.S. History Era 2: Settler Colonialism and Atlantic Slavery—Evaluate European, Indigenous and African diasporic historical narratives about colonialism and slavery.

      • The Southern Colonies (US-A.)

    • 9.4.18.10 U.S. History Era 3: Freedom, Unfreedom and Revolution—Identify and analyze dominant and non-dominant narratives about the American Revolution.

      • The French and Indian War (US-B.1)
      • Source analysis: the Declaration of Independence (US-B.2)

    • 9.4.18.11 U.S. History Era 4: Imperial Expansion and Native Dispossession—Evaluate historical narratives about U.S. imperial expansion, native dispossession (specifically Indian Removal), Manifest Destiny and Indigenous perspectives.

    • 9.4.18.12 U.S. History Era 5: Slavery, Civil War and Reconstruction—Examine how debates over slavery, freedom and rights during and after the Civil War influenced the status and rights of European immigrants, Mexicans and Mexican Americans, women, Asian Americans and/or Indigenous people in comparison to African Americans.

      • Source analysis: What to the slave is the Fourth of July? (US-D.2)
      • The growth of sectionalism (US-E.1)
      • Causes of the Civil War: compromises (US-E.2)
      • Presidential Reconstruction (US-F.1)
      • The Jim Crow system (US-G.3)

    • 9.4.18.13 U.S. History Era 6: Migration, Imperialism and Inequality—Evaluate historical and contemporary arguments about the relationship between U.S. expansion and migration and the role of the United States as an overseas empire.

      • The rise of U.S. imperialism (US-H.1)
      • The presidency of Theodore Roosevelt (US-H.2)

    • 9.4.18.14 U.S. History Era 7: U.S. and the World—Analyze the connections between nationalism, Fascism, World War II and the Holocaust on a global scale and in the United States.

      • Causes of World War II (US-L.1)
      • Japanese American internment (US-L.2)

    • 9.4.18.15 U.S. History Era 8: Civil Rights Struggles—Analyze complex and interacting factors within the Long Civil Rights Movement. Identify obstacles to the success of the various civil rights movements, such as Black, Indigenous, women, Latinx American, Asian American and/or Queer rights movements. Identify intersections between the movements. Explain strategies used to overcome the obstacles and the role of key leaders and groups.

      • Civil rights movement: school desegregation (US-O.1)

    • 9.4.18.16 U.S. History Era 9: Contested Freedoms—Identify and evaluate how governmental and non-governmental institutions have responded to foreign and domestic terrorism in the United States. Identify and evaluate how those responses have been influenced by xenophobic and Islamophobic perspectives.

• Historical Perspectives

  • 19 Identify diverse points of view, and describe how one's frame of reference influences historical perspective.

    • 9.4.19.7 U.S. History Era 1: Indigenous Histories—Identify multiple Indigenous concepts of boundary-making and relationship building with the environment through economic, political and kinship systems.

    • 9.4.19.8 U.S. History Era 2: Settler Colonialism and Atlantic Slavery—Identify how Indigenous people built new coalitions and developed a diverse set of strategies in response to European settler colonialism. Examine how Indigenous perspectives and strategies may have changed over time.

    • 9.4.19.9 U.S. History Era 3: Freedom, Unfreedom and Revolution—Examine Black, Indigenous, working class and/or women's perspectives on a major issue that occurred during the American Revolution and the early Republic.

    • 9.4.19.10 U.S. History Era 4: Imperial Expansion and Native Dispossession—Identify and analyze Mexican, Asian, African American and/or Indigenous perspectives on the Mexican War, the Louisiana Purchase, Texas, the Gold Rush, the transcontinental railroad and/or other U.S. territorial acquisition strategies.

    • 9.4.19.11 U.S. History Era 5: Slavery, Civil War and Reconstruction—Identify and analyze how enslaved and freed people of color resisted slavery, built coalitions and navigated discrimination and racism in the United States.

      • Source analysis: What to the slave is the Fourth of July? (US-D.2)
      • Presidential Reconstruction (US-F.1)

    • 9.4.19.12 U.S. History Era 6: Migration, Imperialism and Inequality—Identify patterns, intersections and causes of stratification (including racial, class, gender, citizenship status and/or religion) that lead to social inequalities. Identify their impact on both individuals and groups in the United States and across the world.

      • Industry in the Gilded Age (US-G.1)
      • Cities in the Gilded Age (US-G.2)
      • The Jim Crow system (US-G.3)
      • The rise of U.S. imperialism (US-H.1)
      • The presidency of Theodore Roosevelt (US-H.2)
      • World War I: the home front and battlefront (US-I.2)
      • Source analysis: the Great Migration (US-J.2)
      • Causes of the Great Depression (US-K.1)
      • Japanese American internment (US-L.2)

    • 9.4.19.13 U.S. History Era 7: U.S. and the World—Analyze how historical developments shaped and continue to shape people's perspectives about the Cold War, capitalism, socialism and communism on a global scale and in the United States.

      • Introduction to the Cold War (US-M.1)
      • The presidency of John F. Kennedy (US-N.1)

    • 9.4.19.14 U.S. History Era 8: Civil Rights Struggles—Describe different perspectives regarding the role of the United States in Southeast Asia, including the Vietnam War. Analyze the causes and effects of the United States Secret War in Laos and how Hmong allies were impacted as a result of their involvement in this war.

    • 9.4.19.15 U.S. History Era 9: Contested Freedoms—Examine conflicting perspectives about the impact of federal policies and legislation on American society, specifically taxation, criminal justice, incarceration, free trade and immigration.

• Historical Sources and Evidence

  • 20 Investigate a variety of historical sources by: a) analyzing primary and secondary sources; b) identifying perspectives and narratives that are absent from the available sources; and c) interpreting the historical context, intended audience, purpose, and author's point of view of these sources.

    • 9.4.20.7 U.S. History Era 1: Indigenous Histories—Interpret a variety of historical sources (including objects, artistic works, written accounts and oral narratives) in order to develop a nuanced understanding of the multiple, diverse and complex societies in North America before European colonialism.

    • 9.4.20.8 U.S. History Era 2: Settler Colonialism and Atlantic Slavery—Investigate historical sources about colonialism, religion and slavery, asking who created them and whose interests were articulated or excluded. Analyze the ways in which the perspectives of those recording history shaped the history that they produced.

    • 9.4.20.9 U.S. History Era 3: Freedom, Unfreedom and Revolution—Examine the founding documents and early statutes of the United States, focusing on the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution and the Great Law of Peace (Haudenosaunee Constitution) as historical sources, asking who created them, whose voices were absent and whose interests were articulated or excluded.

      • Source analysis: the Declaration of Independence (US-B.2)

    • 9.4.20.10 U.S. History Era 4: Imperial Expansion and Native Dispossession—Interpret multiple primary or secondary sources to understand and analyze the perspectives of individuals and communities who were affected by and/or participated in imperial expansion and Native Dispossession, including Indigenous, Mexican, Black and/or Asian perspectives.

    • 9.4.20.11 U.S. History Era 5: Slavery, Civil War and Reconstruction—Interpret multiple primary sources related to the Civil War and abolition in order to analyze how Black and White abolitionists successfully pressured the U.S. government to end slavery.

      • Source analysis: What to the slave is the Fourth of July? (US-D.2)

    • 9.4.20.12 U.S. History Era 6: Migration, Imperialism and Inequality—Interpret historical sources created by North American Indigenous peoples and other colonized peoples (i.e., Cubans, Filipinos, Puerto Ricans, Hawaiians, etc.) in order to examine how they responded to changes in federal Indian policy and/or foreign policy, especially regarding migration, forced removal, sovereignty, land ownership, education, religion and assimilation. Analyze how current interpretations of the past are limited by the extent to which available historical sources represent perspectives of people at the time.

    • 9.4.20.13 U.S. History Era 7: U.S. and the World—Interpret multiple primary sources to explore the experiences of refugees and immigrants to the United States during the mid-20th century. Use secondary sources to contextualize their experiences.

    • 9.4.20.14 U.S. History Era 8: Civil Rights Struggles—Interpret how new media (e.g., television, internet and social media) and new technologies (e.g., computers, drones) have influenced the creation, interpretation and memory of historical events.

• Causation and Argumentation

  • 21 Integrate evidence from multiple historical sources and interpretations into a reasoned argument or compelling narrative about the past.

    • 9.4.21.8 U.S. History Era 1: Indigenous Histories—Construct an argument about Indigenous history before European colonialism, using multiple sources.

    • 9.4.21.9 U.S. History Era 2: Settler Colonialism and Atlantic Slavery—Describe the ways that Indigenous peoples managed the environment before European colonialism. Examine the impact of capitalism on those ways of environmental management as well as global trade networks.

    • 9.4.21.10 U.S. History Era 3: Freedom, Unfreedom and Revolution—Develop an argument based on multiple historical sources about the relationship between revolutions and/or rebellions in the Americas, including, but not limited to, the American Revolution and the Haitian Revolution. Distinguish between long-term causes and triggering events in developing a historical argument.

    • 9.4.21.11 U.S. History Era 4: Imperial Expansion and Native Dispossession—Critique the central argument in secondary historical sources about the Industrial Revolution and its relationship to new technologies, accelerated expansion, capitalist growth, slavery and/or colonialism.

      • The growth of sectionalism (US-E.1)

    • 9.4.21.12 U.S. History Era 5: Slavery, Civil War and Reconstruction—Analyze multiple and complex causes and effects of the U.S. Civil War and its impact on African Americans and Indigenous people.

      • The growth of sectionalism (US-E.1)
      • Causes of the Civil War: compromises (US-E.2)
      • Presidential Reconstruction (US-F.1)
      • The Jim Crow system (US-G.3)

    • 9.4.21.13 U.S. History Era 6: Migration, Imperialism and Inequality—Describe and analyze the effectiveness of political and cultural responses to the problems of industrialism, monopoly capitalism, urbanization and political corruption.

      • Industry in the Gilded Age (US-G.1)
      • Cities in the Gilded Age (US-G.2)
      • The presidency of Theodore Roosevelt (US-H.2)

    • 9.4.21.14 U.S. History Era 7: U.S. and the World—Construct an argument about the impact of the technological changes on American society and popular culture in the post-World War II era.

      • Introduction to the Cold War (US-M.1)

    • 9.4.21.15 U.S. History Era 8: Civil Rights Struggles—Explain the difference between an immigrant and a refugee. Describe various immigrant, migrant and refugee groups, focusing on Hmong, Somali, Indian, Ethiopian and Latinx people who have come to the United States. Examine different responses to immigration and the growing diversity of the United States.

• Connecting Past and Present

  • 22 Use historical methods and sources to identify and analyze the roots of a contemporary issue. Design a plan to address it.

    • 9.4.22.7 U.S. History Era 1: Indigenous Histories—Examine the survival of Indigenous nations in the contemporary world and examine how Indigenous people have contested narratives of erasure that have silenced their histories.

    • 9.4.22.8 U.S. History Era 2: Settler Colonialism and Atlantic Slavery—Examine the contemporary significance of foundational dates in U.S. History, specifically dates related to the founding of the North American colonies (1492, 1607, 1620), the development of the institution of slavery (1619) and the founding of the United States as an independent country (1776, 1789). Construct an argument using precise and knowledgeable claims, with evidence from multiple sources, about how one or more of these dates became memorialized in the 19th, 20th, or 21st centuries.

      • The Southern Colonies (US-A.)
      • Source analysis: the Declaration of Independence (US-B.2)
      • The Constitutional Convention (US-C.1)

    • 9.4.22.9 U.S. History Era 3: Freedom, Unfreedom and Revolution—Examine the meaning of freedom in the Revolutionary era and today. Examine how groups and communities have fought for freedom, revolution and anti-colonialism.

      • Source analysis: the Declaration of Independence (US-B.2)

    • 9.4.22.10 U.S. History Era 4: Imperial Expansion and Native Dispossession—Compare and contrast historical memorialization of "pioneers" and frontiers versus dispossession and homelands.

    • 9.4.22.11 U.S. History Era 5: Slavery, Civil War and Reconstruction—Examine how people today view the successes and failures of Reconstruction and the implementation of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments on the overall impact to reduce discrimination and inequality.

      • Supreme Court cases on the Fourteenth Amendment: incorporation (CG-F.3)
      • Presidential Reconstruction (US-F.1)

    • 9.4.22.12 U.S. History Era 6: Migration, Imperialism and Inequality—Examine the causes and impact of the Great Depression on individuals, communities and institutions. Evaluate the impact of the New Deal and assess how people today view government responses to economic crises, including who is helped or hurt by action or inaction.

      • Causes of the Great Depression (US-K.1)
      • Identify New Deal agencies (US-K.2)
      • Source analysis: fireside chats (US-K.3)

    • 9.4.22.13 U.S. History Era 7: U.S. and the World—Develop an argument about what human rights should encompass today and/or in the future and what national and/or international institutions should do to protect those rights.

    • 9.4.22.14 U.S. History Era 9: Contested Freedoms—Draw on historical examples to propose a viable solution to a pressing economic, environmental or social issue.