Ohio

H.HT Historical Thinking and Skills

• H.HT.1 The use of primary and secondary sources of information includes an examination of the credibility of each source.

  • Identify primary and secondary sources (US-Q.1)

• H.HT.2 Historians develop theses and use evidence to support or refute positions.

• H.HT.3 Historians analyze cause, effect, sequence and correlation in historical events, including multiple causation and long- and short-term causal relations.

H.FD Founding Documents

• H.FD.4 The Declaration of Independence elaborates on the rights and role of the people in building the foundations of the American nation through the principles of unalienable rights and consent of the people.

  • Source analysis: the Declaration of Independence (US-B.4)

• H.FD.5 The Northwest Ordinance elaborates on the rights and role of the people in building the foundations of the American nation through its establishment of natural rights and setting up educational institutions.

• H.FD.6 The U.S. Constitution established the foundations of the American nation and the relationship between the people and their government.

  • The Constitutional Convention (US-C.1)

• H.FD.7 The debate presented by the Federalist and Anti-Federalist Papers over protections for individuals and limits on government power resulted in the Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights provides constitutional protections for individual liberties and limits on governmental power.

  • The Constitutional Convention (US-C.1)

H.IP Industrialization and Progressivism (1877-1920)

• H.IP.8 The rise of corporations, heavy industry, mechanized farming and technological innovations transformed the American economy from an agrarian to an increasingly urban industrial society.

  • Industry in the Gilded Age (US-G.1)
  • Cities in the Gilded Age (US-G.4)

• H.IP.9 The rise of industrialization led to a rapidly expanding workforce. Labor organizations grew amidst unregulated working conditions, laissez-faire policies toward big business, and violence toward supporters of organized labor.

  • Industry in the Gilded Age (US-G.1)
  • Labor in the Gilded Age (US-G.2)

• H.IP.10 Immigration, internal migration and urbanization transformed American life.

  • Immigration after the Civil War (US-G.3)
  • Cities in the Gilded Age (US-G.4)

• H.IP.11 Continued settlement by Americans in the West intensified conflict with American Indians and reinforced the policy of the reservation system.

• H.IP.12 Following Reconstruction, old political and social structures reemerged and racial discrimination was institutionalized.

  • The Jim Crow system (US-G.5)

• H.IP.13 The Progressive era was an effort to address the ills of American society stemming from industrial capitalism, urbanization and political corruption.

  • Politics in the Progressive Era (US-H.3)
  • Progressive Era reform movements (US-H.4)

H.FA Foreign Affairs From Imperialism to Post-World War I (1898-1930)

• H.FA.14 As a result of overseas expansion, the Spanish-American War and World War I, the United States emerged as a world power.

  • The rise of U.S. imperialism (US-H.1)
  • World War I: causes and U.S. entry (US-I.1)
  • World War I: the end of the war (US-I.3)

• H.FA.15 After World War I, the United States pursued efforts to maintain peace in the world. However, as a result of the national debate over the Versailles Treaty ratification and the League of Nations, the United States moved away from the role of world peacekeeper and limited its involvement in international affairs.

  • World War I: the end of the war (US-I.3)

H.PD Prosperity, Depression and the New Deal (1919-1941)

• H.PD.16 Racial intolerance, anti-immigrant attitudes and the Red Scare contributed to social unrest after World War I.

  • Source analysis: the Great Migration (US-J.2)

• H.PD.17 An improved standard of living for many, combined with technological innovations in communication, transportation and industry, resulted in social and cultural changes and tensions.

• H.PD.18 Movements such as the Harlem Renaissance, African-American migration, women's suffrage and Prohibition all contributed to social change.

  • Prohibition (US-J.1)
  • Source analysis: the Great Migration (US-J.2)

• H.PD.19 The Great Depression was caused, in part, by the federal government's monetary policies, stock market speculation, and increasing consumer debt. The role of the federal government expanded as a result of the Great Depression.

  • Causes of the Great Depression (US-K.1)
  • The New Deal: part I (US-K.3)
  • Identify New Deal agencies (US-K.4)

H.IWW From Isolation to World War (1930-1945)

• H.IWW.20 During the 1930s, the U.S. government attempted to distance the country from earlier interventionist policies in the Western Hemisphere as well as retain an isolationist approach to events in Europe and Asia until the beginning of World War II.

  • World War II: U.S. entry (US-L.2)

• H.IWW.21 United States policy and mobilization of its economic and military resources during World War II affected American society. Despite mistreatment, marginalized groups played important roles in the war effort while continuing to protest unfair treatment.

  • World War II: the European Theater (US-L.3)
  • World War II: the Pacific Theater (US-L.4)
  • World War II: the home front (US-L.5)
  • Japanese American internment (US-L.6)

H.CW The Cold War (1945-1991)

• H.CW.22 Use of atomic weapons changed the nature of war, altered the balance of power and began the nuclear age.

  • World War II: the Pacific Theater (US-L.4)
  • Introduction to the Cold War (US-M.1)

• H.CW.23 The United States followed a policy of containment during the Cold War in response to the spread of communism.

  • Introduction to the Cold War (US-M.1)

• H.CW.24 The Second Red Scare and McCarthyism reflected Cold War fears in American society.

• H.CW.25 The Cold War and conflicts in Korea and Vietnam influenced domestic and international politics.

  • The Vietnam War (US-N.2)

• H.CW.26 The collapse of communist governments in Eastern Europe and the U.S.S.R. brought an end to the Cold War.

H.ST Social Transformations in the United States (1945-1994)

• H.ST.27 Following World War II, the United States experienced a struggle for racial and gender equality and the extension of civil rights.

  • Civil rights movement: school desegregation (US-O.1)
  • Civil rights movement: nonviolent direct action (US-O.2)

• H.ST.28 The postwar economic boom and advances in science and technology, produced changes in American life.

• H.ST.29 The continuing population flow from cities to suburbs, the internal migrations from the Rust Belt to the Sun Belt, and the increase in immigration resulting from passage of the 1965 Immigration Act have had social and political effects.

• H.ST.30 Political debates focused on the extent of the role of government in the economy, environmental protection, social welfare and national security.

  • The presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower (US-M.2)
  • The presidency of John F. Kennedy (US-N.1)
  • The presidency of Richard Nixon (US-P.1)
  • The presidency of Jimmy Carter (US-P.2)
  • The presidency of Ronald Reagan: domestic policy and legacy (US-P.3)

H.US United States and the Post-Cold War World (1991 to Present)

• H.US.31 Improved global communications, international trade, transnational business organizations, overseas competition and the shift from manufacturing to service industries have impacted the American economy.

• H.US.32 The United States faced new political, national security and economic challenges in the post-Cold War world and following the attacks on September 11, 2001.

• H.US.33 Focusing on foreign policy, the United States faces ongoing economic, political, military, and social challenges in the post-Cold War era and following the attacks of September 11, 2001.

  • The Gulf War (US-P.4)